Introduction to blockchain theme issue [Editorial

In this issue of IEEE Potentials, you will find many interesting articles about the Internet of Things (IoT). Numerous students at my university who are IEEE members have expressed that they highly value their exclusive subscription to this magazine; I hope that you find it equally as interesting.

Theme issue on identification, information, and knowledge in the Internet of Things

also hold the potential to address societal challenges and contribute to sustainable development. Bright ICT encompasses a wide range of technologies, including but not limited to artificial intelligence, big data analytics, cloud computing, Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, augmented reality, and virtual reality. These transformative technologies have already begun reshaping industries, economies, governance structures, and social interactions on a global scale. In this special issue, we delve into the realm of "Bright Information and Communication Technologies in the 21st Century," exploring the latest developments, applications, and implications of ICT in various domains. The objective of this special issue is to provide a platform for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to present and discuss the latest advancements, trends, and impacts of Bright ICT in the 21st century. By bringing together a diverse collection of articles, we aim to explore the multifaceted dimensions of Bright ICT and its potential for driving positive change in various sectors, including healthcare, education, finance, transportation, communication, and beyond. In this editorial, we provide an overview of the articles included in this special issue, highlighting their key contributions and insights. Additionally, we reflect on the broader implications of Bright ICT for society, ethics, privacy, security, and the future trajectory of technology development. Through this collection of articles, we seek to foster critical discussions, stimulate further research, and inspire innovative approaches to leverage Bright ICT for the betterment of our global society. This special issue attracted numerous high-quality submissions that underwent multiple rounds of revisions. We selected six papers based on their relevance, rigor, and contribution to the theme of the special issue.

The introductory article of the editor-in-chief traditionally serves as a prologue to the theme of the next issue of the journal, which in this issue is designated as “The Legal Regulation of the Digital Economy in the Russian Federation: Difficulties and Prospects of the Sectoral Development”. The author substantiates the relevance of the chosen topic and connects it, first of all, with the comprehensive processes of socio-economic transformation of the Russian state, its innovative development, informatization of society, digitalization of the national economy and electronics, both domestic and cross-border relations of business structures and each individual. It is noted that the transition to the electronic economy requires the systematic and purposeful rethinking of the models of existing social relations in various spheres of social life – economic, political, cultural and others, in order to form the legal regulation system that adequately reflects the changed conditions of civil circulation when using information and communication technologies. The theoretical and practical problems of the digital economy development as well as the factors which predetermined them are listed. The main socio-economic transformations, the development of which is due to the digital transformation of society and which influenced the choice of the research presented in the main theme of the issue in the light of the identified priorities of the legal support of the studied processes, are called. A brief review of the scientific papers under the heading “the main theme of the issue” is made; the reader’s attention is focused on the main results obtained by the authors.

Halide perovskite indoor photovoltaics (PV) are a viable solution to autonomously power the billions of sensors in the huge technology field of the Internet of Things. However, there exists a knowledge gap in the hysteresis behaviour of these photovoltaic devices under indoor lighting conditions. The present work is the first experimental study dedicated to exploring the degree of hysteresis in halide perovskite indoor photovoltaic devices by carrying out both transient J–V scan and steady state maximum power point tracking (MPPT) measurements. Dependence of hysteresis on device architecture, selection of electron transporting layers and the composition of the perovskite photoactive layers were investigated. Under indoor illumination, the p-i-n MAPbI3-based devices show consistently high power conversion efficiency (PCE) (stabilized PCE) of greater than 30% and negligible hysteresis behaviour, whereas the n-i-p MAPbI3 devices show poor performance (stabilized PCE ∼ 15%) with pronounced hysteresis effect. Our study also reveals that the n-i-p triple cation perovskite devices are more promising (stabilized PCE ∼ 25%) for indoor PV compared to n-i-p MAPbI3 due to their suppressed ion migration effects. It was observed that the divergence of the PCE values estimated from the J–V scan measurements, and the maximum power point tracking method is higher under indoor illumination compared to 1 Sun, and hence for halide perovskite-based indoor PV, the PCE from the MPPT measurements should be prioritized over the J–V scan measurements. The results from our study suggest the following approaches for maximizing the steady state PCE from halide perovskite indoor PV: (i) select perovskite active layer composition with suppressed ion migration effects (such as Cs-containing triple cation perovskites) and (ii) for the perovskite composition such as MAPbI3, where the ion migration is very active, p-i-n architecture with organic charge transport layers is beneficial over the n-i-p architecture with conventional metal oxides (such as TiO2, SnO2) as charge transport layers.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Developing resilient energy systems’.