Joint state and parameter estimation for a membrane bioreactor system

Wastewater treatment allows for the safe disposal of municipal and industrial wastewater to protect public health and the ecosystem[...]

Peak flux performance and microbial removal by selected membrane bioreactor systems

The primary objective of this study is to develop a mathematical framework for failure prognostics and uncertainty management based on a state-space degradation model, where unknown parameters are present in the model. Joint state and parameter estimation is carried out by the Sequential Monte Carlo methods. Then, a degradation prediction with uncertainty limits is made. Sequential Monte Carlo methods for joint state and parameter estimation are reviewed, and the effectiveness of the techniques for the prognostics task is assessed. A performance comparison of these algorithms is made based on a numerical study. The results presented in this study show that the state-of-art SMC techniques can provide satisfactory results of joint state and parameter estimation for the prognostics task. The Particle Markov Chain Monte Carlo method provides relatively more accurate estimation results compared with other SMC methods while demanding more computing resources.

Effect of leachate effluent from activated sludge and membrane bioreactor systems with acclimatized sludge on plant seed germination

Organic pollutants which are commonly discharged by the 21 industrial groups identified by the US EPA are regulated under the toxic and priority pollutants list. Novel membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems developed in the last two decades, such as the high‐retention MBRs (HR‐MBRs) and extractive MBRs (EMBRs), could be applied in the retention/extraction of targeted organics from point‐source industrial wastewater to meet stringent regulatory requirements. This paper combines previous reviews and studies conducted on the individual novel MBRs to discuss the potential in applying these technologies in the removal of targeted organic pollutants from industrial wastewater by providing a summary of the technologies and discussing the research gaps that currently hamper their commercialization. Future research should focus on long‐term operation with real industrial wastewaters to identify membrane, operational and biodegradation limitations for further optimization. This includes advances in microbiology and the application of novel membranes to boost the biodegradation and removal capabilities of these novel MBR systems. Energy and economic analyses of the MBRs operated at the pilot/demo scale are required to compare their benefits with conventional treatment systems. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry

The population is growing rapidly result to increased demand for drinking water while the other side of this situation causes to the increasing amount of wastewater. Waste water treatment plant has been built in several major cities in Indonesia to overcome the problem of pollution. Wastewater treatment plant only treats wastewater to tackle environmental pollution without being able to overcome the shortage of clean water community. Therefore, to solve the existing problems will be considered any further processing with recycled waste water treatment. One technology that may be developed for this purpose is the system of Membrane Bioreactor (MBR). This has been widely applied as an advanced unit of wastewater treatment and serves as a unit of processing recycled waste water. The MBR system has advantages such as: it only takes a little bit of land, can treat wastewater with discharge varying quality and process wastewater with high pollutant removal efficiency. MBR were investigated using a membrane filter submerged in the reactor. Membrane module is hollow fiber with a form of polymeric membrane materials. Research has been done on wastewater treatment with a combination of conventional WWTP as preliminary and advanced processing unit with MBR since March 4, 2014 until June 2014. The effluent quality of result research proved that the treated water quality meets water quality standards are set with Permenkes RI N0.416/Menkes/Per/IX/1990, dated 3 September 1990. The nitrification and denitrification also proceed well so that the concentration of nitrite and nitrate meet the quality standards. In addition, the percentage removal of heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, selenium, lead) can reach 99%. Keywords: MBR, wastewater reuse, BOD5, COD, HRT dan SRT

Melamine is recalcitrant and toxic to bacteria in conventional activated sludge systems. In this study, we investigated the degradation and toxicity of melamine in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) system operated at high activated sludge concentrations (∼8.5 g TSS/L). Melamine was dosed at 3 mg/L for about 100 days. The average melamine removal efficiency in the MBR system was 20 ± 11%. Meanwhile, batch studies showed the acclimated sludge from the MBR had higher removal efficiencies after the depletion of readily biodegradable substrate (acetate) while non-acclimated sludge did not remove any melamine. As acclimated sludge had removal efficiencies ranging from 33 ± 6% (by 1.7 g TSS/L biomass) to 41 ± 10% (by 8.5 g TSS/L biomass), microbial specialists with unique hydrolytic enzymes in the acclimated sludge were likely responsible for melamine degradation. Since bacteria prefer to use readily biodegradable substrates for growth in the MBR, the population of microbial specialists capable of degrading melamine or the capability of cometabolism appeared not to increase with an increase in biomass concentration. Nevertheless, because of high sludge concentrations and thus low mass ratio of toxic melamine to biomass in the MBR, the long-term melamine exposure did not affect MBR activated sludge performance.

The membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems have been actively employed for municipal and industrial wastewater treatments. However, membrane fouling is one of the main obstacles that restrict MBR to wide application while soluble microbial products (SMP) are known as major foulants. The paper reviewed the effect of temperature on SMP in MBR systems. At the end, the future trends in the effect of temperature in the coming years were addressed. It will be conducive to further application of MBR in the future.

The City of San Diego was awarded a grant from the Bureau of Reclamation to investigate the feasibility of using Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs) for water reclamation. Based on the findings of the first phase of the project (Adham et al., 1998), the project team concluded that a parallel comparison of commercially available MBR systems needed to be evaluated at pilot-scale. Two submerged MBR systems were evaluated at the Aqua 2000 Research Center in Escondido, California. The project was designed to evaluate the MBR performance treating municipal wastewater and the feasibility of using the MBR permeate as a feed source for thin film composite reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. The first part of the project was dedicated to operating both MBRs in a nitrification and denitrification mode. After completion of Part 1 of the project, both MBR systems were retrofitted and operated in a nitrification only mode. Throughout both parts of the study, the effluent from each MBR was fed to two separate, single stage RO pilot systems. Both MBR systems showed high BOD removal with values below the detection limit, and significant TOC reduction. The effluent turbidities from the MBRs were consistently less than 0.1 NTU. Both MBRs also produced a high quality effluent that could be used by thin film composite RO membranes with minimal fouling.

An Adaptive Tracking Control Approach for Nonholonomic Mobile Robot

The eutrophication problem in US wastewater treatment plants becomes more serious with increasing discharge of nutrients from wastewater to water bodies.The US EPA has required more stringent discharge standards on nutrients for higher effluent water quality.The main objective of this research is to investigate cost-effective and efficient environmental technologies such as membrane bioreactors (MBR) and membrane aerated biofilm reactors (MABR) for improved nitrogen removal and recalcitrant organic nitrogen compounds removal.In this research, the MABR process had demonstrated efficient organic matter and nitrogen removal through simultaneous nitrification and denitrification with low sludge production.The metabolic selection via alternating anoxic/aerobic processes in the modified Ludzack-Ettinger (MLE) type MBR systems resulted in higher bacterial activities and improved nutrient removal than those of integrated fixed-film MBR (IFMBR) systems.The results of a start-up performance study of MBR systems indicated that MBR process configuration and reactor type affect MBR performance, membrane fouling, nutrient removal, and biomass activities.The high biomass MBR systems demonstrated good and stable nitrophenol biodegradation performance with simultaneous nitrogen removal. .The membrane flux and TMP profiles suggested that continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) reactor type MBR appeared to have much better membrane fouling control performance than that of the pseudo-plug-flow-reactor type of MLE-MBR due to the difference of metabolic uncoupling by nitrophenol compounds in MBR systems.

Modelling approaches for filtration processes with novel submerged capillary modules in membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment

Merits of Alternative MBR SystemsTwo membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems were evaluated. Both MBR systems are able to meet Arizona Class A+ reuse requirements. The Zenon configuration has a total maximum air requirement of approximately 11,000 scfm. This assumes coarse bubblers in the membrane tank, and fine pore diffusers in the aeration tank. Since the MLSS will be approximately 10,000 mg/l, the alpha for fine pore aeration will...Author(s)John R. BratbyByron GainesMelodee LoyerFrank LuizDenny ParkerSourceProceedings of the Water Environment FederationSubjectSession 11 - Water Reclamation and Reuse: Membranes and TechnologyDocument typeConference PaperPublisherWater Environment FederationPrint publication date Jan, 2002ISSN1938-6478SICI1938-6478(20020101)2002:16L.1;1-DOI10.2175/193864702784246801Volume / Issue2002 / 16First / last page(s)1 - 17Copyright2002Word count240

CFD modeling of submerged membrane bioreactors (sMBRs): a review

Mitigating the release of extracellular antimicrobial resistance genes (exARGs) from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is crucial for preventing the spread of antimicrobial resistance from human domains into the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of intI1 as a performance indicator for securing the removal of exARGs at WWTPs. We investigated the reduction of exARGs and intI1 in a full-scale WWTP, where identical wastewater was treated using conventional activated sludge (CAS) and membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems. The log reduction values (LRVs) for exARGs were lower than those for intracellular ARGs (iARGs) across all ARG species and treatment systems. LRVs for exARGs were consistently higher in the MBR than in the CAS. The intI1 exhibited lower LRVs compared to most exARGs, ensuring a minimum LRV of exARG in both CAS and MBR systems. Consequently, intI1 is an effective indicator gene for securing the removal of exARGs.