Kafr Kanna

In April-May 2011 and May 2013, two salvage excavations were conducted in the Lower Aqueduct near Rav Hovel Street in the Arnona neighborhood in Jerusalem (Permit Nos. A-6150, A-6776; map ref. 221740-73/628387-416, map ref. 221761-5/628392-7 respectively), after ancient remains of the aqueduct were exposed in an area slated for construction. The excavations, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the Danya Cebus Company, Ltd., were directed by R. Be'eri (field photography), with the assistance of N. Nahama (administration), A. Hajian, M. Kunin, M. Cohen and B. Antin (surveying and drafting), A. Peretz (field photography), F. Fartush and D. Gahali of Sky View Company (aerial photography), O. Shor (restoration of terracotta pipes), I. Lidski-Reznikov (drawing), C. Amit (studio photography), L. Kupershmidt and R. Vinitsky (metallurgical laboratory) and D.T. Ariel and R. Kool (numismatics).

During November-December 2012, a salvage excavation was conducted at Ramat Bet Shemesh (Permit No. A-6650; map ref. 199238-390/623068-223), prior to construction. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and underwritten by the Ministry of Construction and Housing, was directed by E. Kogan-Zehavi, with the assistance of N. Nehama (administration), A. Hajian and M. Kunin (surveying), A. Peretz (field photography), the Sky View Company (aerial photography), E. Belashov (drafting), I. Lidski-Reznikov (pottery drawing), L. Kupershmidt (metallurgical laboratory) and D.T. Ariel (numismatics).

During January-February 2011, a salvage excavation was conducted in Moshav Zerahya (Khirbat Rumeilta; Permit No. A-6107; map ref. 175716-954/621355-602), prior to expansion. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and underwritten by the moshav, was directed by S. Talis (field photography), with the assistance of E. Aladjem and Y. Radashkovsky (area supervision), Y. El-'Amor (administration), A. Hajian and M. Kunin (surveying and drafting), the Sky View Company (aerial photography), N. Zak (plans), I. Lidski-Reznikov (pottery drawing), N. Katsnelson (glass), A. Varnai-Ganor (glass restoration), C. Hersch (glass drawing), C. Amit (studio photography), M. Smilansky (flint drawing), R. Vinitsky (metallurgical laboratory) and G. Bijovsky (numismatics).

During May 2010, a salvage excavation was conducted at Horbat Zerifin (Permit No. A-5928; map ref. 186070-109/651713-51), in the wake of damage to a saqiye well while paving a road. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and underwritten by George Steinberg, was directed by R. Toueg (field photography), with the assistance of E. Bachar (administration), A. Hajian (surveying), A. Peretz (field photography), B. Antin (drafting), E. Belashov (plans), H. Rosenstein (metallurgical laboratory) and D.T. Ariel (numismatics).

During January-February 2012, a salvage excavation was conducted in the date orchards north of Qevuzat Kinneret and south of Moshava Kinneret (Permit No. A-6374; map ref. 253500/735775), in the wake of development work for the modern pipeline carriers, diverting saline waters south of the Lake of Galilee. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and underwritten by the Meqorot water company, was directed by Y. Alexandre (field photography), with the assistance of M. Zu'abi and B. Hanna (archaeological inspection of tractor work), R. Mishayev and M. Kunin (surveying), A. Shapiro (GPS, petrography), Y. Shmidov (drafting), H. Tahan-Rosen (finds drawing), L. Kupershmidt (metallurgical laboratory), C. Amit (coin photography), G. Bijovsky (numismatics), and Y. Gorin-Rosen (glass). Consultations were carried out with S. Paz and T. De'adle of the Tel Bet Yerah Archaeological Expedition of Tel Aviv University Institute of Archaeology, T. Tsuk (field photography), chief archaeologist of the National Parks Authority, Z. Ahipaz, water engineer of the National Water Authority, M. Eisenberg of the Hippos-Sussita Expedition of Haifa UniversityandM. Hartal and W. Atrash of the IAA. The author is extremely grateful to all for their academic generosity.

During March 2012, a salvage excavation was conducted at Ramla, in a lot located at the corner of Herzl and Ha-Hagana Streets (Permit No. A-6442; map ref. 18772-7/64884-8; Fig. 1). The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and underwritten by the D.S. Cities Building-Architects and Planning Company, Ltd., was directed by R. Toueg (field photography), with the assistance of Y. Amrani and E. Bachar (administration), M. Kunin and A. Hajian (surveying), A. Peretz (field photography), E. Belashov (drafting), H. Torge (pottery reading), M. Shuiskaya (pottery drawing), C. Amit (studio photography), N. Katsnelson (glass), A. Varnai-Ganor (glass restoration), C. Hersch (glass drawing) and L. Kupershmidt (metallurgical laboratory).

In August 2012, a rescue excavation was conducted at the spring of 'Ein Naqa'a, north of Highway 1 and east of Abu Ghosh and Bet Neqofa (Permit No. A-6601; map ref. 212564-86/634290-324; Fig. 1). The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the Israel National Roads Co., was directed by B. Storchan (photography) with the assistance of N. Nehama (administration), M. Kunin and A. Hajian (surveying), A. Peretz (field photography), B. Dolinka (initial ceramic analysis) and D. Sandhaus-Re'em (ceramic report), C. Amit (studio photography), D.T. Ariel (numismatics), L. Kupershmidt (metallurgical laboratory), N. Zak (plans), C. Hersch (drawing of finds) and D. Ein Mor (archaeological survey).

During October 2010, two salvage excavations were conducted on Ha-Ari Ha-Qadosh Street in Petah Tiqwa, within the precincts of the Mahane Yehuda antiquities site (Permit Nos. A-6019, A-6019/1; map ref. 19031-40/66521-8), in the wake of discovering ancient remains during preliminary inspections prior to construction. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and underwritten by Mr. N. Levi and the N. Avital Construction and Investment Company, Ltd., was directed by A. Dayan, with the assistance of Y. Amrani and E. Bachar (administration), M. Kunin and A. Hajian (surveying), H. Ben-Ari (GPS), A. Peretz (field photography), P. Spivak (preliminary inspections), N. Zak (drafting), P. Gendelman, H. Torge and Y. Arbel (ceramics), M. Shuiskaya (drawing), L. Kupershmidt (metallurgical laboratory), D.T. Ariel (numismatics), V. Eshed (archaeozoology), and A. Gorzalczany (guidance). Additional assistance was rendered by R. Lupu, R. Toueg and A. Shadman and A. 'Azab (IAA Central Region).

During July 2010, a salvage excavation was conducted at the corner of Khalfiya Suleiman and Bialik Streetsin Ramla (Permit No. A-5967; map ref. 187929-51/648199-216), prior to construction. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and underwritten by Alhaji Jamil, was directed by R. Toueg, with the assistance of E. Bachar (administration), V. Essman and T. Kornfeld (surveying and drafting), A. Peretz (field photography), B. Antin (processing of plans), N. Zak (final plans), H. Rosenstein (metallurgical laboratory), E.J. Stern and H. Torge (pottery reading), M. Shuiskaya (pottery drawing), L. Rauchberger (identification of Ottoman pipes), C. Amit (studio photography) and N. Katsnelson (glass).

In September-November 2016, a salvage excavation was conducted on a lot at the intersection of Tel Hai and Herzl Streets in Ramla (Permit No. A-7790; map ref. 188594-643/647998-8051; Fig. 1), prior to construction. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed the Gazit Engineering Company, Ltd., was directed by R. Toueg (field photography), with the assistance of Y. Amrani and E. Bachar (administration), A. Masarwa (preliminary inspections), A. Hajian and M. Kahan (surveying and drafting), A. Dagot (GPS), I. Delerson (plans), Y. Agmon and S. Krispin (metal detection), H. Torgë (ceramics), I. Raznitsky (metallurgical laboratory), R. Kool (numismatics), N. Amitai-Preiss (metallic artifacts) and C. Amit (studio photography).

During December 2000 and January 2001, a salvage excavation was conducted in the northern industrial region of Lod, north of Tel Lod (Permit No. A-3552; map ref. 19065/65232; Fig. 1), in the wake of damage to antiquities during development work. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and underwritten by the Danya-Cebus Construction Company, was directed by D. Weinberger, with the assistance of S. Ya'aqov-Jam (administration), A. Hajian (surveying), T. Sagiv and M. Salzberger (field photography), N. Zak (drafting), M. Shuiskaya (pottery drawing), L. Kupershmidt (metallurgical laboratory), G. Bijovsky (numismatics), E. Yannai and K. Sari.

In February 2014, a salvage excavation was conducted in the center of Ramat Yishay (Permit No. A-7053; map ref. 216134-88/734424-78; Fig. 1), prior to construction. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by Mr. Yossi Amur, was directed by W. Atrash (field photography) and B. Hanna, with the assistance of Y. Ya'aqobi and Y. Lavan (administration), R. Mishayev, R. Liran and T. Meltsen (surveying and drafting), A. Shapiro (GPS), H. Abu 'Uqsa-'Abud (pottery reading), H. Tahan-Rosen (pottery drawing), Y. Kupershmidt (metallurgical laboratory), C. Amit (studio photography) and Y. Gorin-Rosen (glass).

During April-June 2010, a salvage excavation was conducted along the east lane of Koifmann Street in Yafo (Permit No. A-5887; map ref. 17735-46/66189-268), after ancient remains were discovered during preliminary probes in the wake of the light rapid transport project. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and underwritten by the Public Transport Lines Company, was directed by E. Jakoel and J. Marcus, with the assistance of S. Ya'aqov-Jam and E. Bachar (administration), R. Mishayev, M. Kunin, I. Shmidovand T. Kornfeld (surveying), A. Dagot and H. Ben-Ari (GPS) A. Peretz (field photography), L. Rauchberger, A. Glick and A. Buchennino (preliminary inspections), N. Zak (drafting), P. Gendelman (pottery), M. Shuiskaya (pottery drawing), R. Vinitsky (metallurgical laboratory) and R. Kool (numismatics). Additional assistance was provided by A. Gorzalczany and Y. Arbel (consultation), M. Ajami and D. Barkan (IAA Tel Aviv District).

During January 2009, a salvage excavation was conducted along the northwestern and southwestern fringes of Tel Ishqaf (Permit No. A-5573; map ref. 196202/693635), prior to the installation of water pipes. The excavation, on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and underwritten by Meqorot, was directed by O. Segal, with the assistance of S. Ya'aqov-Jam (administration), R. Mishayev and Y. Nemichnitzer (surveying), A. Peretz (field photography), T. Kornfeld (drafting), R. Gat (pottery restoration), M. Shuiskaya (pottery drawing), C. Amit (studio photography), H. Rosenstein (metallurgical laboratory) and G. Bijovsky (numismatics).

During December 2006, a salvage excavation was conducted on Haey Adam Street in the Sha'are Moshe neighborhood of Jerusalem (Permit No. A-4978; map ref. NIG 22085/63260; OIG 17085/13260; Fig. 1), prior to the construction of a residential building. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and underwritten by the contractor, was directed by A. Nagar, with the assistance of R. Abu Halaf (administration), V. Essman, T. Kornfeld and A. Hajian (surveying), T. Sagiv (field photography), Y. Nagar (physical anthropology), R. Berin (drafting), C. Amit and M. Salzberger (studio photography), N. Ze'evi (photographic archive), L. Kupershmidt (metallurgical laboratory), R. Bar-Natan, M. Avissar and G. Finkielsztejn (pottery reading), Y. Bukengolts (pottery restoration) and I. Lidski-Reznikov (pottery drawing).