Knowledge exchange in disaster risk management: A comparative study between Indonesia and USA

Purpose: The dynamics and complexity of governance in disaster management in Indonesia require disaster management through the implementation of GRC (Governance, Risk, Compliance). integrated. The aim of this research is to assess the readiness of GRC innovation in disaster management through risk management mitigation, supporting infrastructure, and developing an integrated GRC implementation development plan. Theoretical reference and Method: Types of qualitative and quantitative research through surveys, distribution of questionnaires, collection of regulatory documents and GRC system policies in an integrated manner, reinforced by interviews with respondents, use of GRC system infrastructure design through infrastructure preparedness in facing disasters which are formulated in the form of policy proposal frameworks and guidelines that refer to against the ISO Handbook Integrated Use of Management System Standard, an action examination (PDCA) sample of 124 respondents. Results and Conclusion: The research results can be explained: 1) The creation of risk management guidelines resulting from integrated GRC practices in disaster risk mitigation has not been standardized. 2) The infrastructure design resulting from a study regarding readiness to implement integrated GRC in government in disaster management in Indonesia has not been implemented in general. 3) Based on the results of the Delphi method, the implementation of GRC has not been integrated. Implications of research: The implications of the research results can be used as recommendations for risk management stakeholders in making decisions based on the implementation of integrated G/R/C. Measuring the level of effectiveness uses a maturity model approach (Maturity Assessment) according to ISO standards. Originality/value: Originality: This research contributes to the implementation of integrated GRC 1) risk management guidelines resulting from integrated GRC practices 2) Infrastructure design resulting from studies regarding disaster management in Indonesia. 3) Delphi method, GRC implementation is not yet integrated.

The geographical conditions of Indonesia which are on the Pacific Ring of Fire and are crossed by three world plates, the Eurasian plate, the Indo-Australian plate and the Pacific plate make Indonesia the most disaster-prone country, especially earthquakes. The large number of population in Indonesia contributes to the risk of life and social loss, physical loss, and economic loss. Based on this, the government seems to need more attention to disaster management efforts, which are multidimensional. On the other hand, disaster management in Indonesia have not yet become a national strategic issue and development goals so that resulting in disaster management in Indonesia are still not optimal due to the collaborative management processes that are not comprehensive and sustainable between the various levels of actors involved.The purpose of this study is to analyze collaborative governance in the prevention of earthquake reconstruction rehabilitation in the Western Island of Java. This study uses a post positivism approach with qualitative research methods through in-depth interviews and documentation studies.The results of this study indicate that it is needed: the objectives in post earthquake disaste management must consider providing solutions that can reach ordinary people, community independence and participation, human resources, technology, finance and legal as well as derivative rules, leader support, and collaboration between governments, non-governmental institutions, private sector, donor agencies, international agencies, universities and the community

As natural disasters occur with increasing frequency, disaster management in Indonesia is becoming an increasingly urgent concern. This paper analyzes the disaster management and mitigation strategies employed in Majene Regency and Garut Regency. The qualitative methodology encompasses interviews, document analysis, and the investigation of certain critical facts. Furthermore, we employed NVivo 12 Plus to illustrate the thematic analysis. The findings indicate that Majene and Garut have implemented disaster management strategies encompassing community activities and municipal regulations. The lack of comprehensive catastrophe insurance, encompassing both private and public sector coverage, coupled with insufficient administrative skills and resources, constitutes the primary barriers to successful mitigation. Logistical and accessibility challenges in remote areas considerably impeded the evacuation and relief distribution efforts throughout the response phase. Focusing on debris clearance, rehabilitation, and economic and psychological empowerment, post-disaster recovery in both regions highlighted the importance of collaboration among government agencies, NGOs, the corporate sector, and communities. This research enhances disaster management literature by advocating for community preparedness, improving inter-agency collaboration, and instituting disaster insurance to augment future disaster management effectiveness. These findings align with disaster management ideas and practices that stress the need for teamwork across different sectors to strengthen community resilience against disasters.

Learning to trust: Relational spaces and transformative learning for disaster risk reduction across citizen led and professional contexts

This guide explores the benefits of using nature-based solutions to promote sustainable and resource-efficient infrastructure. Nature-based solutions are interventions to protect, restore, and sustainably manage natural or modified ecosystems to support both biodiversity and people’s well-being. This guide includes case studies from Bangladesh, Nepal, the People’s Republic of China, the Philippines, and Viet Nam. It considers challenges and opportunities and shows how nature-based solutions can be mainstreamed in the portfolio of the Asian Development Bank.

This qualitative study aimed to undertake a critical examination of the models by thematic analysis to determine their contribution to disaster management. A review and analysis of the literature were used. The models were studied to explore their contribution to disaster management and to identify any significant constraints or challenges which could limit the ability of the models to carry out appropriate disaster risk reduction actions. The study found that such models are indispensable because they simplify and improve disaster management. Additionally, they may support planners, managers, and practitioners in reaching proper decisions, making them valuable and necessary decision-making support tools. The study also found that the four key phases of disaster management – mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery – constitute the basis of the majority of models. The study also showed that each model has an advantage that distinguishes it from the other models. The findings also confirmed the doubts raised about the limitations and concerns associated with the models. Concerns included future disasters’ unpredictability, the models’ prescriptive nature, and the impact on businesses. The findings also indicated that certain planners, managers, and practitioners had a limited understanding of the use of models in disaster management. As such, they appear to have overlooked the use of models while dealing with disasters. Hence, the study recommends that the models should be employed in all disaster management phases. The study also recommends that the findings are utilized as a basis for further research into the potential use of disaster management models.

This study examined median household income (MHI) of communities with community emergency response teams (CERTs). Preliminary data from New York City showed that in three of five counties, the mean MHI in CERT communities exceeded countywide MHI by up to $19,000. The research was then expanded to New Jersey, where, of 18 counties with CERTs, the mean MHI exceeded the countywide MHI in 15 counties (83 percent of the time). In counties where the mean CERT-community MHI was higher, it exceeded the county MHI by $6,060. Mean CERT-community MHI also exceeded the state’s MHI by over $5,000 ($60,745 versus $55,146). Given recent examples of the vulnerability of poor and working-class communities, emergency management agencies at all levels need to target CERT resources based on need, not on demand.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the variety of dichotomies related to disaster management with an objective to gain a better understanding of how and when dichotomous thinking can improve disaster management, especially in the discourse of disaster management politics. Design/methodology/approach This is a reflective essay that surveys dichotomies from multiple disciplines in respect to their potential contributions to disaster management. Findings Thinking about disaster management as a collection or series of dichotomies may help to better understand the sources, vulnerabilities, approaches, modes, methods and modes for related decision-making scenarios, particularly in the political realm. Research limitations/implications The world is not so simply divided at every turn and dichotomous thinking may harbor biases, mask ignorance and/or offend postmodern notions of alterity. Practical implications Portraying disaster management through dichotomies is an efficient way for experts to convey information and structure decisions for political agendas. Originality/value This study presents a unique perspective of disaster management and how it may shape the thinking and decision making of disaster management politics.

The paradigm of disaster management in Indonesia are still emergency response, causing loss and damage is very large. For that needs to be changed the perspective of disaster management proactive, preventative in terms of disaster risk reduction that can be integrated into development planning. Methods of research used a qualitative approach with descriptive. Source of data derived from informants and documents. Data was collected through interviews and documentation. Data were analyzed using an interactive model of Miles and Huberman. The results showed that the disaster planning process through a risk management approach in Malang has been implemented although there is a stage that is not maximized, namely the identification of a new disaster risk mapping conducted regional / disaster-prone areas, the challenges ahead are the most priority is the synergy between disaster management regulations the regulation of development planning and the integration of DRR into development planning, while the alternative new ideas built upon the analysis of the factors that affect, the challenges ahead and the scientific study of coherent and competent.

<p>The integrated approach of sustainable development refers to addressing complex challenges by combining knowledge from various environmental and planning fields. Thus, nature-based solutions (NbS) are a category of new tools that can help cities increase their resilience and sustainability. They represent those actions inspired, supported or copied from nature, which have a high potential to be energy efficient and to use natural resources, as well as promote multi-functionality and connectivity between green infrastructure and built-up areas. To achieve their purpose NbS have to be developed and managed in collaborative ways. The strategies, plans, programs, policies and projects developed at European and international level have led to the consolidation, at least from a theoretical perspective, of the significance and role of NbS in urban areas. Thus, this study aims to identify the way these documents are directed towards sustainability and innovative solutions (such as NbS), with emphasis on the collaborative approaches for NbS. Our preliminary results indicate that most of the international and European documents specify that the economic development needs to be achieved in close connection with increasing urban sustainability, based on sustainable investments such as green infrastructures or NbS. Furthermore, under the guidance of these documents, the international institutions, research experts and decision makers seek collaboration with city representatives in order to integrate the benefits generated by such sustainable investments. Among the analyzed documents, the new 2030 Urban Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals, reveal the need for participatory approaches to reach consensus about sustainable development. Other important international and European documents directed towards sustainability and NbS are Urban Water Agenda 2030, New Urban Agenda – Habitat III or 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. So, NbS represent a support in the efficient use of resources in order to promote urban development in concordance with the economic growth, participatory planning and guvernance, environmental policy, social cohesion and justice, public health and quality of life, environment protection.</p>

Cultural Heritage can play a crucial role in fostering resilience by reducing vulnerabilities and providing precious assets for an affected region’s sustainable social and economic development during its recovery phase by attracting investment, creating employment, or providing renewable natural resources. Disaster Risk Management (DRM) strategies allow a systematic approach to identify, assess, and reduce disaster risks decreasing socioeconomic vulnerability. Extensive consultations with the different institutions involved in preserving and disseminating information often contribute to design mitigation measures that align the understanding of various risks among stakeholders and communities, particularly in risk monitoring and emergency response. This article shows a peculiar and exemplary context as that of Indonesia. We want to show that Indonesian wood, constructed following the vernacular tradition, is a source to reduce the risks in that framework. A brief introduction shows how disaster management in Indonesia’s plan is essential to protect the community and its tangible and intangible cultural heritage.

South Asian countries are highly susceptible to different forms of hydro-meteorological extremes (HMEs) like cyclones, storm surges, floods, erosion, sea level rise, etc., while changing patterns of climate variability also make the situations worse. Nature-based Solutions (NbS) in different forms, like mangrove forests, coral reefs, salt marshes, beach nourishment, reforestation and afforestation, wetland restoration, etc., can help to reduce the magnitude of impacts. This study was conducted in South Asia countries to understand the existing practices, challenges, and potentiality of NbS regarding HMEs. The findings of sea level rise-induced extreme events are summarized as follows: (a) Significance of coastal ecosystems in mitigating impacts of HMEs, (b) NbS approaches for coastal protection and restoration, (c) Co-benefits of NbS for coastal protection and restoration, (d) Coastal Protection and NbS: South Asia Perspective- (i) Current practices of NbS to protect the coastal region, (ii) Challenges to ensure NbS regarding coastal protection, and (iii) Potentiality of NbS to protect the coastal region.Unusual rainfall patterns and their connection to landslides, along with the environmental and socioeconomic consequences and threats to vulnerable groups, are examined. We also delve into NbS interventions that stabilize slopes and prevent erosion-related events, emphasizing the significance of early warning systems, community-based strategies, and disaster preparedness measures to enhance resistance and resilience. Case studies from Chittagong Hill Tracts and Rohingya Camps in Bangladesh demonstrate the customization of NbS approaches to meet particular needs.An in-depth analysis of diverse NbS approaches, including forest and floodplain restoration, construction of wetlands and green infrastructure, and several other solutions for urban flood prevention, is presented. The extent of their effectiveness and barriers to expanding NbS practices are discussed, encompassing a range of contexts from high-income urban areas to medium and low-income regions. The focus lies on the adaptability and potential impact of NbS in various contexts, providing valuable insights into their applicability. Barriers to large-scale implementation of NbS for urban flood prevention are elucidated, encompassing legislative, financial, and societal challenges that impede the integration of NbS in practice and policies, which hinder employing initiatives for a long-term national plan for NbS. Strategies to surmount these barriers are discussed, offering insights for stakeholders seeking to navigate the complexities of NbS integration. We conclude that although NbS can be considered a cost-effective and sustainable way to protect natural ecosystems and human properties, it needs more concentration to integrate into decision-making aspects from policy to practice perspectives.

Nature-based solutions (NBS) are an innovative concept that mimics the processes of natural ecosystems, popularized principally in the European Union. With a substantial body of literature amassed since the term’s inception in 2015, there is a need to systematically review existing literature to identify overarching gaps and trends, according to disciplinary focus, geographic scope, and key themes, and direct future research inquiry and policy recommendations. This review consists of bibliometric analysis and thematic analysis for NBS studies in urbanism. NBS studies were found to relate strongly with other concepts of ‘Ecosystem Services’, ‘Green Infrastructure’, ‘Climate Change’, and ‘Risk management and Resilience’, which align with four major thematic goals set by the European Commission. Within NBS scholarship, various sub-themes have emerged, namely, ‘Greening’, ‘Urban Development’, ‘Water’, ‘Wellbeing’, and ‘Governance’. Furthermore, we illustrate that the amount and thematic focus of NBS research have been unevenly distributed worldwide. Analysis of emerging trends shows a recent increase in topics, such as adaptive governance of NBS, and the incorporation of social justice in sustainability transitions. Based on an assessment of extant NBS literature, we offer some recommendations for the future direction of the research fields.

Hydro-meteorological risk (HMR) management involves a range of methods, such as monitoring of uncertain climate, planning and prevention by technical countermeasures, risk assessment, preparedness for risk by early-warnings, spreading knowledge and awareness, response and recovery. To execute HMR management by risk assessment, many models and tools, ranging from conceptual to sophisticated/numerical methods are currently in use. However, there is still a gap in systematically classifying and documenting them in the field of disaster risk management. This paper discusses various methods used for HMR assessment and its management via potential nature-based solutions (NBS), which are actually lessons learnt from nature. We focused on three hydro-meteorological hazards (HMHs), floods, droughts and heatwaves, and their management by relevant NBS. Different methodologies related to the chosen HMHs are considered with respect to exposure, vulnerability and adaptation interaction of the elements at risk. Two widely used methods for flood risk assessment are fuzzy logic (e.g. fuzzy analytic hierarchy process) and probabilistic methodology (e.g. univariate and multivariate probability distributions). Different kinds of indices have been described in the literature to define drought risk, depending upon the type of drought and the purpose of evaluation. For heatwave risk estimation, mapping of the vulnerable property and population-based on geographical information system is a widely used methodology in addition to a number of computational, mathematical and statistical methods, such as principal component analysis, extreme value theorem, functional data analysis, the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process and meta-analysis. NBS (blue, green and hybrid infrastructures) are promoted for HMR management. For example, marshes and wetlands in place of dams for flood and drought risk reduction, and green infrastructure for urban cooling and combating heatwaves, are potential NBS. More research is needed into risk assessment and management through NBS, to enhance its wider significance for sustainable living, building adaptations and resilience.

Disaster education is essential in creating a prison system that is resilient to disasters. However, it is still designed commonly in Indonesia and is not gender specific. This research emphasizes how crucial gender communication is for disaster education in prison, particularly in female prisons. This research aims to identify how gender is communicated during disaster education at Lapas Perempuan Kelas IIB Yogyakarta. It started with a research question on how the implementation of gender communication between women staff and women prisoners during disaster education. The method used in this study was a case study method used at Lapas Perempuan Kelas IIB Yogyakarta. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and document studies. The results discovered that the gender communication process during disaster education at Lapas Perempuan Kelas IIB Yogyakarta still did not completely accommodate women prisoners’ needs. This research highlights the relationship between gender issues and the women’s access to disaster management in Indonesia. The results are expected to encourage women’s participation in disaster management, also improve disaster education quality in women’s prisons.