LIPID MAPS: Powering discovery in lipidomics.

The journal Clinical Chemistry has played a major role in facilitating the progress that has occurred in lipid and lipoprotein testing over the past 50 years. In celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Journal, this Special Report highlights five selected areas of highly significant accomplishments during the past 50 years contributed by key researchers, some whose careers have spanned the entire history of modern lipid analysis and research. An overview of the history of lipid analysis from nonspecific strong acid methods to modern enzymatic assays, fully integrated lipoprotein methods, and the remarkable instrumentation developed by industry is presented by G. Russell Warnick. Dr. Bill Friedewald, whose name is associated with the widely recognized calculation of LDL-cholesterol (1), will relate the genesis of this important development. His 1972 report in Clinical Chemistry (1) has become the most cited ever in the Journal, with more than 6000 citations. Dr. Richard Havel developed an ultracentrifugal method in 1955 that continues to be the common citation for preparative isolation of the lipoproteins (2). The Lipid Research Clinic (LRC)1 laboratories, in addition to assaying for cholesterol and triglycerides, separated VLDL from the bottom layer of LDL and HDL for HDL analyses by ultracentrifugation, following this method. Dr. Havel, who is still active in lipid research, provides his views on the history of the lipoproteins and separation methodology. Drs. Gerald Cooper and Gary Myers present the story of how the CDC/National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (CDC-NHLBI) Lipid Standardization Program was developed over a period of nearly 50 years. The LRC program also focused attention on the need for standardization of lipid and lipoprotein measurements. Dr. Cooper of the CDC, one of the co-authors of the standardization article (3), has been a leader in the standardization field for 52 years. The CDC standardization effort, …

The core mission of ELIXIR is to build a stable and sustainable infrastructure for biological information across Europe. At the heart of this are the data resources, tools and services that ELIXIR offers to the life-sciences community, providing stable and sustainable access to biological data. ELIXIR aims to ensure that these resources are available long-term and that the life-cycles of these resources are managed such that they support the scientific needs of the life-sciences, including biological research. ELIXIR Core Data Resources are defined as a set of European data resources that are of fundamental importance to the wider life-science community and the long-term preservation of biological data. They are complete collections of generic value to life-science, are considered an authority in their field with respect to one or more characteristics, and show high levels of scientific quality and service. Thus, ELIXIR Core Data Resources are of wide applicability and usage. This paper describes the structures, governance and processes that support the identification and evaluation of ELIXIR Core Data Resources. It identifies key indicators which reflect the essence of the definition of an ELIXIR Core Data Resource and support the promotion of excellence in resource development and operation. It describes the specific indicators in more detail and explains their application within ELIXIR's sustainability strategy and science policy actions, and in capacity building, life-cycle management and technical actions. Establishing the portfolio of ELIXIR Core Data Resources and ELIXIR Services is a key priority for ELIXIR and publicly marks the transition towards a cohesive infrastructure.

Invited Commentary

Software bugs continuously emerge during the process of software evolution. With the increasing size and complexity of software, bug fixing becomes increasingly more difficult. Bug and commit data of open source projects, Q&A documents and other software resources contain a sea of bug knowledge which can be utilized to help developers understand and fix bugs. Existing work focuses on data mining from a certain software resource in isolation to assist in bug fixing, which may reduce the efficiency of bug fixing. How to obtain, organize and understand bug knowledge from multi-source software data is an urgent problem to be solved. In order to solve this problem, we utilize knowledge graph (KG) technology to explore the deep semantic and structural relationships in the multi-source software data, propose effective search and recommendation techniques based on the knowledge graph, and design a bug-fix knowledge question & answering system to assist developers in intelligent software bug fixing. At present, we have designed a bug knowledge graph construction framework, proposed the identification principles and methods for bug knowledge entities and relationships, constructed a preliminary knowledge graph based on the bug repository. In the following work, we will further improve the knowledge graph, complete the knowledge graph fusion of multi-source database, comprehend bug knowledge through knowledge reasoning, utilize the collaborative search and recommendation technology for bug-fixing knowledge question and answering.

The International Institute for FRP in Construction (IIFC) was formed in 2003 with a mission to advance the understanding and application of fiber–reinforced polymer (FRP) composites in civil infrastructure. Since 2005, IIFC has enjoyed a fruitful association with ASCE via co-sponsorship of the Journal of Composites for Construction (JCC). Therefore, it is fitting that this present JCC issue commemorates the 10th anniversary of IIFC. This is the third special IIFC issue published by JCC; the first two issues were in April 2007 (“Recent International Advancements in FRP Research and Application in Construction”) and April 2011 (“In Honor of Professor Urs Meier”). The flagship events of IIFC are undoubtedly its biannual worldwide and Asia-Pacific regional conference series, which are known as FRP Composites in Civil Engineering (CICE) and Asia-Pacific Conference on FRP in Structures (APFIS), respectively. These conferences are held in alternating years at differing locations around the world: CICE in 2001 (Hong Kong), 2004 (Adelaide), 2006 (Miami), 2008 (Zurich), 2010 (Beijing), and 2012 (Rome); and APFIS in 2007 (Hong Kong), 2009 (Seoul), 2012 (Sapporo), and 2013 (Melbourne). CICE 2014 will be held in Vancouver and CICE 2016 in Hong Kong.This special issue of JCC has been timed for release prior to CICE 2014. IIFC also co-sponsors other international conference series and workshops. To better disseminate knowledge to the wider community, IIFC makes the proceedings of most IIFC official and supported events available on its website (http://www.iifc-hq.org) for free download. IIFC publishes a newsletter and all copies are also held on the IIFC website. The newsletter commenced in 1993, and for its first 10 years, was known as FRP International. IIFC also runs several working groups that offer tangible benefits such as educational resources, state-of-the-art reports, conference special sessions, and journal special issues. IIFC recognizes excellence in the form of several awards, namely, IIFC Medal, Distinguished Young Researcher Award, President’s Award, Lifetime Achievement Award, conference best paper awards, and IIFC fellowships. The IIFC website contains lists of all award recipients over the years, in addition to far more information than can be contained in this editorial. IIFC is a dynamic organization that has been positively influenced by numerous individuals over the years. It is governed by an Executive Committee, which is overseen by an Advisory Committee. The Council is populated by up to 40 elected leading figures in the field from around the world, plus members of the Advisory Committee. At present, 21 countries are represented on these three committees and several of these leading figures also serve on the Editorial Board of JCC. This special issue contains 18 invited papers contributed by members of these committees and their collaborators, addressing a diverse range of topics that are representative of the breadth of activity in the field. More specifically, the papers are of an experimental, analytical, and numerical nature and address: • FRP for strengthening concrete; namely, prestressed FRP plates, strips, and rods (two papers), confinement (one paper), FRP patch anchors (one paper), limits to the application of FRP for repair (one paper), near-surface mounted FRP (one paper), cementitious bonding agents (three papers), and large strain capacity FRP (one paper); • FRP for strengthening timber (one paper), steel (one paper), and masonry (one paper) construction materials; and • FRP for new construction; namely, hybrid FRP tendons (one paper), FRP bars (two papers), FRP beams (one paper), and stay-in-place structural forms (one paper). There is plenty of work still to be done in the field. In particular, more systematic and in-depth research is required on the long-term behavior of both FRP structures and FRP strengthened structures to substantiate the common claim that such structures have superior durability over other structures. Innovative combinations of FRP with either traditional construction materials or new materials to produce new structural members and forms will have an important role in designing the next generation of high-performance and sustainable structures. There is no doubt that the conversion of research findings into workable design guidelines and standards for use by design engineers is critical in widening the applications of FRP in civil construction. The contributions of numerous individuals are acknowledged in the preparation of this special issue. The authors of the papers in this issue are thanked for preparing high-quality manuscripts. Professor Charles E. Bakis, Editor-in-Chief of JCC, is thanked for handling the paper review process and ensuring maintenance of the high JCC standard. Professor Bakis is also supported by Ms. Renee Lindenberg and a large team of reviewers; their contributions are all acknowledged. The idea of an IIFC 10th anniversary special issue was positively received by Professor Lawrence C. Bank, IIFC President, and by the members of the Executive Committee following discussions after CICE 2012. For that, they are all thanked for their support. Finally, all members of IIFC, past and present, are thanked for their various contributions over the years, which have enabled IIFC to move into its second decade on a sound and positive footing.

In this presentation, you'll find out about the stringent selection process guiding the inclusion of first-class open data resources in the SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics’s portfolio , and the professional support they benefit from throughout their life cycle. SIB's unique model helps them to reach and maintain the highest level of usefulness, accuracy and reliability for their users. Most SIB Resources have reached international recognition , among which are ELIXIR Core Data Resources, Deposition Databases, and Recommended Interoperability Resources.

<ns7:p>The well-being of farmed and companion animals is increasingly recognised as integral to sustainable agroecosystems, companionship, and the One Health approach, which emphasises the interconnected health of people, animals, and the environment. The ELIXIR Domestic Animals Genome and Phenome (DAGP) Community supports genome-to-phenome analyses for farmed and companion animal species. Its aim is to coordinate, discuss, and explore the potential of data technology solutions to address key issues in animal welfare, behaviour, health, infectious diseases, metabolism, nutritional efficiency, and the preservation of genetic diversity and the environment. Through consolidating efforts to develop data standards, coordination, workflows, and visualisation, it will enhance the science underpinning rapidly growing fields in domestic animal genomics, including genome-enabled breeding, population genomics, pangenome analysis, functional genomics, genome editing, paleogenomics, phenotyping, and bio-banking. These standards will adhere to the FAIR data principles and leverage established ontologies to promote best practices in data coordination and archiving. This white paper, prepared by the ELIXIR DAGP Focus Group, summarises the current data infrastructure, resources, and tools available for domestic animal genomics and phenomics, and presents community-led plans and priorities to be implemented to meet the requirements of ELIXIR services and the animal science community. We describe how ELIXIR services can be applied in the domestic animal genomics and phenomics fields, and how we can connect projects and infrastructures that are active in the animal sciences domain. We also discuss three key priority areas: i) expanding the FAANG Data Portal for phenotype data with ELIXIR Data Platforms; ii) supporting submissions of new data types across ELIXIR Core Data Resources , including proprietary data from industry partners; and iii) strengthening connections to existing ELIXIR Communities and international consortia. This article provides a set of priorities for a Domestic Animals Genome and Phenome Community in ELIXIR and outlines the next steps to engage across stakeholders and to consolidate data for domestic animal science in Europe.</ns7:p>

Biological knowledgebases facilitate discovery across the life sciences by structuring experimental findings into human-readable and computable formats. These essential resources are maintained by a small number of professional biocurators worldwide and face combined chronic underfunding and the exponential growth of the literature. In this perspective, we review how artificial intelligence, particularly large language models and agentic systems, can augment literature-curation workflows. Applications include literature recommendation, entity recognition, data extraction, summarization, ontology development, and quality control with emphasis on published use cases at Global Core BioData Resources and ELIXIR Core Data Resources. We identify key challenges, including the scarcity of training data, difficulty in extracting complex relationships, and concerns about error propagation. To address these challenges, we propose a human-in-the-loop framework where generative artificial intelligence approaches accelerate routine tasks while curators provide critical evaluation and domain expertise. We also propose practical recommendations for the community, including the creation of shared benchmark datasets, harmonized evaluation frameworks, and best-practice guidelines for transparent human-in-the-loop AI deployment in biocuration. These synergistic partnerships will be critical to ensure biological rigour, accelerating knowledge integration while maintaining the quality essential for trusted biological resources.

Background: Given the advent of large-scale neuroimaging data-driven endeavors for Alzheimer’s disease, there is a burgeoning need for well-characterized neuroimaging databases of healthy individuals. With the rise of initiatives around the globe for the rapid and unrestricted sharing of data resources, there is now an abundance of open-source neuroimaging datasets available to the research community. However, there is not yet a systematic review that fully details the demographic information and modalities actually available in all open access neuroimaging databases around the globe. Objective: This systematic review aims to provide compile a list of MR structural imaging databases encompassing healthy individuals across the lifespan. Methods: In this systematic review, we searched EMBASE and PubMed until May 2022 for open-access neuroimaging databases containing healthy control participants of any age, race, with normal development and cognition having at least one structural T1-weighted neuroimaging scan. Results: A total of 403 databases were included, for up to total of 48,268 participants with all available demographic information and imaging modalities detailed in Supplementary Table 1. There were significant trends noted when compiling normative databases for this systematic review, notably that 11.7% of databases included reported ethnicity in their participants, with underrepresentation of many socioeconomic groups globally. Conclusions: As efforts to improve primary prevention of AD may require a broader perspective including increased relevance of earlier stages in life, and strategies in addressing modifiable risk factors may be individualized to specific demographics, improving data characterization to be richer and more rigorous will greatly enhance these efforts.

Since its initial release more than a decade ago, the bacterial diversity database Bac Dive ( https://bacdive.dsmz.de ) has grown tremendously in terms of content and functionality. Today, Bac Dive is a comprehensive resource covering the phenotypic diversity of prokaryotes with data on taxonomy, morphology, physiology, cultivation, and more. As the leading database for strain-level information on bacteria and archaea, it has been designated as an ELIXIR Core Data Resource and a Global Core Biodata Resource . These distinctions underscore its importance to the wider microbiological research community. As part of the newly established DSMZ Digital Diversity infrastructure, Bac Dive is now closely linked to several other databases of fundamental importance to the life sciences, including BRENDA, LPSN and SILVA. These databases will be further developed in a coordinated manner and benefit from frequent data exchange. Here we present the current status and recent developments in Bac Dive . The database currently contains 2.7 million data points for 99,392 strains. This includes the world's largest collection of Analytical Profile Index (API) test results, which have now been fully integrated into the database and made searchable. Increasingly, the standardized high-quality data provided by Bac Dive is being used to train artificial intelligence models. The high-confidence genome-based predictions produced by our own models are now also being used to fill content gaps in the database. We further present a novel Bac Dive knowledge graph that provides powerful new search capabilities via a SPARQL endpoint to directly search and analyze the knowledge provided through Bac Dive in a standardized way, supported by a new descriptive ontology.

Open‐source software and open data are becoming increasingly popular in the teaching and learning of geographic information science. The cost savings that are derived from using free software over proprietary software are one driving factor, yet the move from “closed” to “open” represents much more than financial austerity—it signifies a broader shift in educational philosophy. This article documents the gradual transition of an introductory undergraduate course in geographic information systems from an entirely closed course to one that has become increasingly open. Having completely adopted the first three layers of open—software, data, and educational resources—the course is now turning toward the next layer: embracing the philosophy of open pedagogy.

With the increasing penetration of the internet ability to work with different computer programs is the skills that are increasingly important for everyone living in the digital age. The purpose of this paper to shed light on the practice of using digital technologies to enhance teaching and learning in order to ensure learners with the skills and knowledge that they need to achieve their achievement and to participate fully in society and the economy. The purpose of this article is to spotlight the practical use of digital technologies to enhance teaching and learning in order to arm learners with skills and knowledge they need to achieve successful results and fully participate in economy and social life. The rapid development of information technologies, the emergence of new Internet and mobile technologies, their application in training actualizes the issue of professional competence of university teachers during the organization of the modern educational process in conditions of its digitalization. Emerging models, such as blended or online learning, are creating fundamental changes in higher education. The use of additional capabilities of modern information technologies in the educational process, the creation of new didactic components in the educational system, to a large extent modifies and enriches it, requiring a high level of information and communication competence of teachers of modern universities. The necessity of constant update for teaching and methodical complexes of disciplines based on such digital technologies as elements of online learning, teachers’ own Web sites, development of video and multimedia educational content, organization of joint learning activities of students based on cloud technologies has been proved. The advantages of introducing digital technologies into the educational process are analyzed, their disadvantages are given. The importance of expanding access to educational resources through existing online courses or creating it by teachers through the using of available software resources is underlined. It was noted the feasibility of organizing at the state level programs to enhance the professional training of teachers of modern universities in the digital education process based on short-term thematic training courses, seminars, trainings and targeted funding of such training in the form of grants It is noted the feasibility to organize state level programs for raising the qualifications of teachers in conditions of digitalization of the education process based on short-term thematic training courses, seminars, trainings and targeted funding of such training in the form of grants.

China is a country with vast ocean area, long coastline and abundant marine resources. In recent years, the State Council has put forward a series of strategic plans for building a powerful maritime country, which requires to strengthen the capacity of building the omni-directional stereoscopic ocean monitoring system. On September 12, 2017, the State Oceanic Administration issued the fax about notice on carrying out the research on aerospace science and technology serving in marine development. It is worth mentioning that the rapid development of UAV technology has brought new opportunities to the marine application. The UAV system can be used as an important supplement method compared with satellites, ships and helicopters, which could provide a good guarantee for reconnaissance, surveillance, intelligence collection, target positioning and emergency response missions with its high reliability, high efficiency and low cost and low risk. Construction and application of ocean big data platform based on UAV system is a hierarchical architecture including application layer, service layer, access layer and resource layer from top to bottom. Every layer has its responsibility and they cooperate with each other to provide the big data service and application throughout. The platform is obviously superior to others with its diversified, comprehensive, personalized and intelligent characteristics, which can efficiently provide real-time or quasi real-time marine environment data, continuously execute missions in all-weather condition day and night, flexibly approach the accident site and immediately take emergency measures. As what is shown in picture 1, the resource layer provides a wide range of hardware, software and data resources. The access layer provides a comprehensive access means with different kinds of UAV systems, which is the core component of the whole platform. The cruise altitude of CH-AUV, CH-804C, CH-3, CH-4, CH-5 and CH-T4 is respectively 1500m in the sea, 100m~3000m,80m~6400m,200m~7200m,500m~8000m,1000m~25000m, which could fully cover of the space base, air base ,land base and sea base. The max endurance of those above is10h,4h,12h,30h,40h,30days respectively, which makes it possible to execute the missions in all-weather condition. The max payload capacity ranges from 3kg to 1050kg, so the optical, microwave and laser payloads can be carried at the same time. The service layer is a data center providing big data modeling, retrieval, association, mining and integration service where users can get these diversified services and accurate data easily at any time anywhere. The service layer provides data security for the application layer and the application layer gives feedback to the service layer according to the application requirements. These two layers supplement each other to improve the quality and efficiency of the whole platform. The application layer consists of two parts: the basic application and the integrated application. The basic application meet the basic requirements of marine applications including ocean environmental protection, disaster prevention and mitigation, maritime law enforcement, ocean and islands monitoring and emergency response. The integrated application including environmental forecast, disaster warning and situation analysis shows the high intelligence of the platform, which just describes the real smart ocean system. Above all, construction and application of ocean big data platform based on UAV system can not only provide a variety of data accessing methods, but also provide intelligent services and applications. It will bring new chapters to intelligent monitoring, dynamic prediction, systematic analysis, emergency response and other marine applications with its capacity of all directions service, all time accessing and all business coverage.

The authors have examined the process of tax accounting digitalization in Ukraine. Current trends in the implementation of digital technologies in the field of tax accounting and administration have been analyzed. The key issues that hinder the effective development of digital solutions have been identified. The study highlights the role of information systems, electronic document management, and cloud services in enhancing the transparency, accuracy, and efficiency of tax accounting. The main challenges of tax accounting digitalization have been outlined. Among them are significant initial investments required for the implementation of digital technologies, ongoing costs for maintaining digital systems, weak integration of information systems, outdated technical infrastructure, risks of confidential data leakage, low digital literacy of accounting professionals, and the need to update the regulatory framework. These factors complicate the digital transformation process.Several solutions to address these challenges have been proposed, including the use of free basic software and educational resources, the implementation of phased data migration with parallel record-keeping, and the introduction of system certification for compliance with security standards along with continuous security auditing. Positive developments have also been observed. The electronic services of the State Tax Service are expanding, electronic reporting is improving, and new platforms for automated interaction between businesses and tax authorities are emerging. Ukraine is gradually adopting international experience in digitalization, which creates opportunities for establishing a unified tax ecosystem with a high level of automation and control. Future research should focus on assessing the effectiveness of tax accounting digitalization and analyzing the impact of automation on the quality of tax administration. It is also necessary to study the social, economic, and ethical aspects of artificial intelligence application in the tax domain. Promising directions include the harmonization of legislation, the development of cybersecurity measures, and the improvement of personnel training and requalification to meet the demands of the digital economy.Overall, the digitalization of tax accounting under current conditions serves as a strategic factor in enhancing economic competitiveness, strengthening tax discipline, and ensuring the sustainable development of the national economy.

SUMMARY In May J999 a survey was distributed to 214 school library media specialists to explore the ways in which school library media centers provide access to electronic resources such as educational software, interactive multimedia, and Internet resources. Thesurvey also addressed the use of curriculum enhancements to the MARC formal, including fields 856, 658, 526, and 521 in school library catalogs. Results show that while direct-access electronic resources are being fully integrated into collections and services in the library media center, Internet resources are not yet at that point and most library media center catalogs do not reflect the use of curriculum-enhanced MARC for electronic or other materials. The need to develop cooperative cataloging ventures to create curriculum linkages for electronic educational resources is identified.