Load sensitive flow management extensions to QoS routing based on OSPF

With the Development of mobile ad hoc network (MANET), Quality of Service (QoS) routing and power-aware routing become more and more important. In the past, QoS guarantee and power control issues were treated separately. In this paper, we propose a novel on-demand QoS routing protocol, PMQR (power-aware multi-path QoS routing) in TDMA-based MANETs. Our protocol combines QoS routing and power-aware routing, which can provide QoS guarantee and achieve energy conservation by taking into account both the transmission power and the remaining energy at the intermediate nodes between a source and a destination. PMQR also can establish multiple paths, even for a single call, when the route search cannot find a path that meets the QoS requirements. Simulation results show that PMQR has good network performance and balances the energy consumption of mobile hosts.

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is a new efficiently idea of programmable networks that separates the control plane from data plane of all network devices. Internet service provider is responsible for all the control decisions and communication among the forwarding elements from centralized controller. SDN provides the various optimized services. Quality of service (QoS) routing is a path computation method that is suitable for the different traffics generated by several applications, while utilization of network resources has increased. This agreement of service is defined by QoS requirements such as throughput, delay, jitter and packet loss etc. Multimedia applications often require assured from multi QoS constrained, causing the NP-complete problem which cannot be simply solved in polynomial time and high management complexity in the transition network. SDN is able to reduce complexity and it is used to efficiently implement traffic, hence SDN significantly values to development QoS routing. In this paper, we propose QoS routing algorithm called Quantized Level Balance (QLB) for SDN that considers one or many QoS parameters relating to the network application. To satisfy the requirements, QLB selects QoS parameters depending to the level of appropriate application service quality. We have replicated our algorithm on simulate topology with Scalable Video-streaming Evaluation Framework (SVEF). We measure the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Mean Opinion Score (MOS) of Scalable Video Coding (SVC) at the receiver. Our propose algorithm is improved than single-metric approach that may choose poor QoS parameter paths.

Protocols responsible for quality of service (QoS) routing are characterized by limited scalability and considerable complexity and traffic overhead. QoS routing implies resource reservation to support the application requirements. The QoS routing and resource reservation require the implementation of a signaling mechanism. Performing QoS routing and resource reservation at different network layers will cause redundant signaling. In this paper we propose a simple extension to the reservation protocol RSVP signaling mechanism that supports the simultaneous implementation of QoS probing routing and resource reservation. The extended RSVP uses only the IP protocol and eliminates the need of additional signaling mechanism in the network layer. We formalize and verify the signaling mechanism using color Petri net. A network simulator is constructed using the same tool to measure the performance of the proposed extended RSVP.

In Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANET), the increasing demand for multimedia application is more challenging and the existing routing protocols are not adequate owing to the complex design requirements of Quality of Service (QoS) routing. This paper proposes a stateless position-based solution for QoS routing issues and offers an efficient end-to-end communication guarantee. The proposed Stateless QoS (SQoS) routing protocol is based on adaptive compass greedy routing to determine a qualified path which satisfies the QoS requirements and the void handling scheme overcomes the local maximum issue. In addition, the SQoS routing utilises the node overhearing capacity to obtain the link quality measurement to provide a guarantee for efficient end-to-end transmission through the identification of high-quality links for multimedia streams. The performance of the proposed SQoS routing protocol is compared with existing QoS-GPSR. Finally, the performance evaluation proves that the SQoS routing protocols outperform the existing protocols.

Localised quality of service (QoS) routing has recently been proposed as a viable alternative approach to traditional QoS routing algorithms that use global state information. In this approach, problems associated with maintaining global state information are avoided by having the source nodes to infer the network QoS state based on flow blocking statistics collected locally, and perform flow routing using this localised view of the network QoS state. A credit based routing algorithm (CBR) which is a simple yet effective localised QoS routing algorithm is introduced. Its performance is compared against the localised proportional sticky routing (PSR) algorithm using different types of network topologies, QoS requirements and traffic patterns and under a wide range of traffic loads. Extensive simulations show that the algorithm outperforms the PSR scheme while maintaining the same level of adaptivity and stability. Its performance is also compared against the global widest-shortest path algorithm (WSP) and it is shown that CBR gives a comparable performance with better time complexity and very low communication overhead.

With mobile operating systems becoming increasingly common in vehicles, it is undoubted that vehicular demands for real-time Internet access would get a surge in the soon future. The vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) offloading represents a promising solution to the overwhelming traffic problem engrossed to cellular networks. With a vehicular heterogeneous network formed by a cellular network and VANET, efficient network selection is crucial to ensuring vehicles’ quality of service (QoS), avoiding network congestions and other performance degradation. To address this issue, we develop an intelligent network access system using the control theory to provide seamless vehicular communication. Specifically, our system comprises two components. The first component recommends vehicles an appropriate network to access by employing an analytic framework which takes traffic status, user preferences, service applications and network conditions into account. In the second one, a distributed automatic access engine is developed by utilizing a learning method, which enables individual vehicles to make access decisions based on access recommender, local observation and historic information. Lastly, simulations show that our proposal can effectively select the optimum network to ensure the QoS of vehicles, and network resource is fully utilized without network congestions in the meantime.

Implementing the dynamic couple of searching paths and resource allocation becomes increasingly important in the research of Quality of Service (QoS) routing. In this paper, we formulate the problem of dynamic QoS routing with resource allocation based on Worst-case Fair Weighted Fair Queuing (WF2Q) packet scheduling style. We propose an algorithm using the proved results -- the optimal path resource allocation algorithm (OPRA2), which can allow intelligent choice of the maximized reliability and minimized delay path according to the types of applications and adapt QoS parameters and allocated resources related to WF2Q in process of routing. It can find an optimal path which satisfies different QoS requirements and compute the amount of bandwidth and buffer resources needed at each node. We provide the simulation results to illustrate the effect of buffers and bandwidths according to the values of control parameters.

Quality of service (QoS) routing between domains is indispensable for deploying QoS in the Internet. State aggregation is a technique that makes QoS routing scalable to large networks. As the impreciseness in the advertised aggregate adversely affects the performance of the QoS routing process, it is important to investigate the accuracies of various aggregation schemes. In this paper, we study the efficacy of a new bandwidth aggregation scheme, and compare our scheme's performance with that of the existing schemes. Our analytical and experimental studies show that for active networks, the proposed aggregation scheme is more accurate, and gives a better routing performance than the current schemes.

We consider the problem of quality of service (QoS) routing in multi-hop wireless networks where data are transmitted from a source node to a destination node via multiple hops. The routing component of a QoS-routing algorithm essentially involves the link and path metric calculation which depends on many factors such as the physical and link layer designs of the underlying wireless network, transmission errors due to channel fading and interference, etc. The task of link metric calculation basically requires us to solve a tandem queueing problem which is the focus of this paper. We present a unified tandem queue framework which is applicable for many different physical layer designs. We present both exact and approximated decomposition approaches. Using the queueing framework, we can derive different performance measures, namely, end-to-end loss rate, end-to-end average delay, and end-to-end delay distribution. The proposed decomposition approach is validated and some interesting insights into the system performance are highlighted. We then present how to use the decomposition queueing approach to calculate the link metric and incorporate this into the route discovery process of the QoS routing algorithm. The extension of the queueing and QoS routing framework to wireless networks with class-based queueing for QoS differentiation is also presented.

Researchers dealing with game theoretic issues are well aware that the definition of a model capturing some physical behaviours such as the routing, the pricing, the flow and congestion control, the admission control just to mention some examples in the telecommunication field, is a difficult task, but it is only half of the overall effort. As a matter of fact, a key aspect is the analysis of the equilibrium (or equilibria) towards which the game will (hopefully) converge. The existence, the uniqueness, the efficiency and the structure of the equilibrium are some of the typical properties which are investigated. In this article, we propose a game theoretic model for quality of service (QoS) routing in networks implementing a Differentiated Service model for the QoS support. In particular, we focus on a parallel link network model and we consider a non-cooperative joint problem of QoS routing and dynamic capacity allocation. For this model, we demonstrate that the Nash equilibrium exists, so overcoming a typical problem in the existence proofs appeared in many papers in the area of routing game since 1990s, and we explicitly obtain a suitable set of relations characterising its structure. Moreover, we prove that Nash equilibrium uniqueness cannot be guaranteed in general.

The main purpose of this paper is to propose a novel bandwidth allocation scheme for facilitating quality of service (QoS) routing in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). In a MANET using time division multiple access (TDMA), each node communicates with its neighbors in the same time slot. In general, finding a route with the maximum end-to-end bandwidth subject to the constraint of collision-free transmission is an NP-complete problem. This paper proposed a sub-optimal solution to this problem. The solution is based on a centrally controlled bandwidth allocation scheme to properly assign the available time slots to each intermediate link. The advantage of our proposed scheme is that the resource utilization of MANET is maximized and the end-to-end QoS is guaranteed during the route establishment period. Performance analyses show that when using the proposed scheme with AODV to perform QoS routing, it achieves about 25% throughput higher than its best-effort counterpart if the node is moving at 5mps speed.

Nowadays, more and more researchers are paying their attention to green routing. In this paper, we consider power consumption as a kind of QoS (quality of service) and apply a new learning-based approach for energy efficient transportation and QoS routing. Compared with traditional rule-based methods, the proposed method can learn additional information from the networks to improve routing performance, and have the flexibility to meet different QoS requirements. First, we propose a new identification of network nodes, namely node vectors, and a basic routing algorithm using node vectors is designed accordingly. Then, energy efficient transportation and QoS routing are proposed by adding QoS constraints into the routing decision. Link attributes such as power consumption, bandwidth and delay can be learned from these node vectors with neural networks. The learned link attributes together with the estimated distance can be used for routing decisions with QoS constraints. Simulation results show that the proposed method is reliable in routing tasks, and can achieve a remarkable performance when compared with the state-of-the-art work on the delay constrained least cost path (DCLC) problem.

Localized Quality of Service (QoS) routing has been recently proposed as a promising alternative to the currently deployed global routing schemes. In localized routing schemes, routing decisions are taken solely based on locally collected statistical information rather than global state information. This approach significantly reduces the overheads associated with maintaining global state information at each node, which in turn improves the overall routing performance. Routing with delay guarantee involves path-constrained requirements, which are harder and more complex to satisfy than routing with bandwidth guarantee, which involves only link-constrained requirements. In this paper we introduce a Localized Delay-Constrained QoS Routing algorithm (LDCR), which can guarantee the end-to-end delay requirements for network flows. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated against the well-known global shortest path routing algorithm (Dijkstra) and against a modified delay-based version of the localized CBR. Simulation results have shown considerable performance improvement achieved by the proposed algorithm in terms of the overall network blocking probability.

A lot of work has been done on routing in MANETs. However, the proposed routing solutions deal only with the best effort data traffic. Connections with quality of service (QoS) requirements are not supported. The QoS routing has been receiving increasingly intensive attention in the wireline network domain. However, for MANETs are proposed only few QoS routing algorithms. For MANETs, approximated solutions and heuristic algorithms should be developed and QoS routing algorithms should be adaptive, flexible, and intelligent. In our previous work, we proposed a genetic algorithm (GA) based routing method for mobile ad-hoc networks (GAMAN). In this paper, we enhance the proposed algorithm by adding an effective topology extraction algorithm to reduce the search space of GAMAN. We call this algorithm E-GAMAN. The E-GAMAN uses two QoS parameters for routing. The performance evaluation via simulations shows that E-GAMAN has a good performance.

Objectives: To explored the highlighted obliged QoS routing issue in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs). Methods/ Statistical Analysis: The issues are tended to firstly by working up an association faithful quality model considering the topological and numerical properties of vehicular advancements and speeds. The VANET correspondence diagram in advancing chart hypothesis is used to model and organize the formed association trustworthiness shown into it. In light of the consequent intensified chart diagram illustrate, the most tried and true course in the framework is picked. However course assurance does not ensure awesome transmission as well. Findings: Vehicular extraordinarily designated Systems (VANETs) are a particular sort of remote framework made by vehicles giving among themselves and with roadside base stations. A broad assortment of organizations has been made for VANETs going from security to infotainment applications. A key need for such organizations is that they are offered with Nature of Administration Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees similar to organization unfaltering quality and availability. QoS routing expect an essential part in recognizing courses that meet the QoS necessities of the offered organization over VANETs. For filtering the achievable courses it subject to various QoS goals is with everything taken into account a NP-difficult issue. Furthermore, the reliability of the routing ought to be given unprecedented thought as correspondence associations, as frequently as conceivable in VANETs. In present situation, the most existing QoS routing calculations are been PSO algorithm for stable VANET system without considering the security and wellbeing of the routing procedure. Along these lines, they are not appropriate for applications in VANETs. Application/Improvements: Low complexity nature advanced administration dependable routing calculation is made to ensure to lessen transmission redundancy with use of Subterranean insect State estimation with better eventual outcomes of course decision and transmission considering better request and sorting calculations in the Particle Swam Optimization (PSO) algorithm work calculation for extremely powerful VANET system with less preferred quality in evaluation with favoured data transmission over interchange QoS counts as shown by the results and satisfy QoS requirements of specific traffic using PSO in the VANET routing protocol environments. Meanwhile, an optimized function with PSO is also proposed to make scheduling decisions so that the dropped packet rates are reduced. The results of PSO algorithm simulations are better and feasible as compared to the previous techniques. Keywords: Graph Theory, Optimised Service Reliable Routing Algorithm, Particle Swam Optimization, Quality of Service, Roadside Base Stations, VANET