Logical framework of information technology: Systematization of software development research

The adoption of new technologies in medicine is frequently met with both enthusiasm and resistance. The universal adoption of health information technology (IT) and anesthesia information management systems (AIMS) remains low despite the potential benefits. Electronic medical records, and hence AIMS, are at the intersection of patient safety. This article highlights advantages and barriers to adoption and implementation of IT in general and AIMS in particular, with a focus on clinical decision support systems (CDSS) and computerized physician order entry (CPOE) as hallmarks that may lead to improvement in patient safety and quality in the perioperative setting. The advantages of health IT and AIMS include improved legibility of documentation; the ability to integrate new scientific evidence into practice; enhanced management and exchange of complex health information; the ability to standardize order sets, incorporate computerized physician order entry, and provide clinical decision support; and the ability to capture data for management, research, and quality monitoring and reporting. While not foolproof, AIMS have been shown to improve safety, quality, and patient outcomes. Barriers to the adoption of health IT and AIMS include costs, lack of truly interoperable AIMS components in health-system IT solutions, and lack of clinician involvement in implementation, planning, design, and installation of many IT or AIMS products. Health IT and AIMS are at the intersection of patient safety and technology. Anesthesiologists are perfectly positioned to be the physician leaders of adoption, design, implementation, and integration, not only for AIMS but also for health-system IT solutions in general.

The development of information and communication technology is increasing in accordance with the changing times and needs of today's society, so that almost any activity or work is already subject and applying information technology and communication. The development of information technology and impact to the world of education, so that the public interest to major in computer informatics include Computer Network, Audio Visual, Graphic Design, Information Technology, etc. continue to increase both the level of high school or college level. Many enthusiasts of computer majors resulted in strong competition for the graduates to get jobs, so it needs no efforts to improve the skills and graduate students majoring in computer that does not merely want to find a job but was able to create job. STMIK Kaputama continue to perform activities of teaching, research and community service, see the strong competition of graduates and the needs of society Binjai and surrounding areas, lecturer STMIK Kaputama feel compelled to carry out community service to improve the skills of students SMKTunasPelita and AbdiNegara in the form of training computer assembly, installation of operating systems and installation of local networks and the internet to build a network of internet cafes, offices and internet village in increasing independence. With their training computer assembly, installation of operating systems and the installation of local networks and the Internet, it is expected students SMKTunasPelita and SMKAbdiNegara can further enhance the skills and entrepreneurial spirit so that they are capable of self-employed at the same time create jobs specifically to be able to receive computer repair and network cafe, internet network of offices and internet networks into the village. In addition to their entrepreneurial spirit, especially rural society also helped that the acceleration of information and communication can be further increased.

Introduction. A comprehensive analysis of the development of information and communication technologies in the context of educational practice will contribute to the development of effective strategies for the modernisation of educational systems in the context of global technological change. Modern education can no longer function effectively without the integration of information and communication technologies into the educational process. Information and communication technologies open up new opportunities for personalisation of the educational process, development of independent work skills, creativity, critical thinking, and communication. At the same time, their implementation is accompanied by certain challenges: the need to modernise educational programmes, train teaching staff, provide technical infrastructure, and overcome digital inequality. The study of the historical stages of development of information and communication technologies in education allows us to understand the patterns of implementation of these technologies and identify effective strategies for their use today. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the stages of development of information and communication technologies in the context of their introduction into educational practice, to analyse the historical background of integration of information and communication technologies into education, and to identify current trends and prospects for their effective use in the educational process. Methods. The study used theoretical methods of scientific and pedagogical research analysis (dissection of historical and pedagogical material into its component parts (facts, ideas, concepts, events) allows to reveal the essence of certain phenomena, trends in the pedagogical past); synthesis (combining individual facts and provisions into a holistic view of pedagogical phenomena, used after analysis to form a generalised picture); historical and logical method (study of pedagogical phenomena in the chronological sequence and logic of their development, makes it possible to establish the patterns of development of pedagogical ideas); comparative and historical method (comparison of pedagogical phenomena, ideas, education systems in different historical periods or in different countries, allowing to identify common, different and unique); induction and deduction (induction – from individual facts to general conclusions, deduction – from general principles to explanation of individual historical and pedagogical facts); abstraction and generalisation (separation of essential features of pedagogical phenomena, construction of generalisations, concepts, typologies); prognostic method (use of historical and pedagogical experience to predict possible directions of education development). Results. The study has shown that information and communication technologies are the driving force behind the transformation of education, and their integration into the educational process requires not only technical support but also methodological training of teachers, updating of educational programmes, and rethinking of traditional educational models. The study identifies eight stages of the development of information and communication technologies; the periodisation of the development of information and communication technologies reflects the gradual transition from early forms of information storage and transmission to modern information and communication technologies. The further development of information and communication technologies in education will help to increase its accessibility, efficiency, and inclusiveness. Mass computerisation, the Internet, mobile technologies, cloud services, and artificial intelligence. The development of information and communication technologies is a multidimensional process that combines new opportunities with large-scale challenges. Successful digital transformation depends on the ability of society to effectively manage these challenges, ensuring inclusive, secure, ethical, and environmentally responsible development of information and communication technologies. Only by integrating innovation with the principles of sustainable development can a harmonious digital future be shaped. Originality. The article examines the evolution of information and communication technologies in the context of education, analyzes the key stages of their development, as well as current trends in the integration of information and communication technologies into educational practice. Particular attention is paid to the impact of digitalisation on educational processes and the formation of innovative pedagogical approaches. The main challenges and prospects for further implementation of information and communication technologies in education are outlined. In particular, attention is paid to the problems of digital inequality, cybersecurity, ethical aspects of the use of information and communication technologies, and the role of innovation in ensuring sustainable technological progress in the context of education. Conclusion. Information and communication technologies play a key role in the transformation of education, providing new opportunities for accessibility, flexibility, and personalisation of the educational process. The historical development of information and communication technologies shows their growing importance in pedagogical practice. Modern education is actively introducing distance learning formats, digital platforms, artificial intelligence, and other innovations. At the same time, there are challenges, such as digital inequality, the need for digital literacy of teachers, and cybersecurity issues. Effective integration of information and communication technologies into education requires a systematic approach, investment, and methodological support.

Pengambilan kebijakan terkait implementasi teknologi informasi pada perguruan tinggi harus disertai dengan komitmen yang didukung oleh analisa mengenai besarnya kontribusi teknologi informasi pada kinerja institusi. Sehingga implementasi tersebut tidak serta merta hanya mengikuti tren yang berlaku, dimana hampir semua perguruan tinggi yang lain telah melakukan implementasi teknologi informasi. Serta menghindari adanya investasi yang sia-sia dikarenakan adanya kesalahan kebijakan dalam implementasi teknologi informasi. Information Technology Productivity Paradox merupakan sebuah perspektif baru dalam bidang tatakelola teknologi informasi untuk mengetahui besarnya kontribusi teknologi informasi pada peningkatan kinerja. Implementasi teknologi informasi selalu melibatkan banyak pihak dan membutuhkan biaya yang cukup besar, sehingga selalu timbul sebuah pertanyaan dalam benak pengambil kebijakan, apakah biaya dan sumberdaya yang dialokasikan untuk implementasi teknologi informasi adalah sebuah investasi yang tepat atau sia-sia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan sebuah model konseptual tentang variabel yang berperan dalam pengaruh implementasi IT/Teknologi Informasi terhadap peningkatan produktivitas pada perguruan tinggi dengan menggunakan pendekatan secara langsung dan tidak langsung. Diharapkan dengan adanya model ini, pimpinan perguruan tinggi mampu menghindari/meminimalisasi terjadinya kegagalan investasi Teknologi Informasi/ Paradox. Dari hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa sumberdaya TI memiliki pengaruh secara langsung yang lebih signifikan daripada pengaruh secara tidak langsung,

The development of information technology (IT) applications for the architect/engineer/construction (A/E/C) industry has become a major thrust area in many construction management research programs. Most of the research has focused on the technological side of IT development and implementation. However, information management experts agree that managerial issues are an equally important component of successful IT strategies. Companies need to resolve many managerial issues as they decide to adopt advanced forms of IT. This paper is an initial step in the understanding of these issues. The result of a detailed literature survey in the information management and A/E/C fields, it presents the main managerial issues that experts believe a company should consider as it establishes and executes its plan for the exploitation of IT. We found that the issues fell into three main categories: planning, organizational, and development and management issues. The A/E/C industry needs to understand these issues to assess the true requirements of the IT development and implementation process. The research community, in turn, needs to be aware of these issues to plan its work more effectively and to promote proactive solutions to potential technology transfer problems.

The main task of using information technologies is not only the automation of labor-intensive processing processes, a large amount of data, but also the acquisition of qualitatively new information resources. Taking into account that information technologies today play a very important role in the development of various socio-economic processes, it is important to understand that they must develop and improve. Today, there are many problems in the development of modern information technologies, which is invariably reflected in the level of economic development of Uzbekistan. The first important issue is the training of information technology personnel. In order to get good specialists, the training process must be properly organized, centralized, and must be carried out using modern technologies. Also among the topical problems of modern information technologies are the prevalence of foreign information technologies in this area and a low percentage of domestic ones. In addition, an equally important problem of the information space of Uzbekistan is the lack of coordinated work between its individual information sectors (commercial, regional, state). The lack of proper interaction between these sectors leads to their ineffective work. It should be noted here that in Uzbekistan different regions have different degrees of information content. And this is the main constraint on the development of information technology. After all, it is the high level of informatization of citizens that is a necessary component of social progress. The presented work describes an automated farm management system of the Republic of Uzbekistan, which was implemented within the framework of a scientific project of the Ministry of Innovative Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The experience of application, implementation of information technologies, information systems, scientific search systems and databases for processing, storage, analysis of data and results of scientific research, organization of research activities in the agricultural sector.

An increasing number of hospitals are implementing electronic medical records and other information technology (IT), and national policy is focused on fostering expansion of these systems. In September 2004, a 100-bed acute care hospital in a rural community was awarded a grant to implement and evaluate an integrated hospital IT system. The evaluation used qualitative and quantitative methods, including examining data on patient outcomes, conducting surveys of staff, and interviewing leaders and staff about the implementation process. In the end, the hospital suffered a number of setbacks during the implementation that could provide lessons to other hospitals. The hospital was hindered by a lack of clinical leadership, staff skepticism, turnover in the executive team, an overly aggressive schedule, and a vendor whose products were not ready on time. The IT implementation was associated with a large increase in patient care errors, including medication errors, procedure errors, and patient falls. These patient errors might have been averted if the launch of the IT system had been better planned and implemented. The experience of this hospital exemplifies difficulties that can be encountered when implementing IT systems. IT implementation must have unbending support from the top level of management, strong clinical leadership, a proactive internal marketing campaign, a timeline and implementation approach that allow for learning and change, and a good IT partner. Careful planning and thoughtful perseverance are required to ensure a successful IT implementation that benefits patients.

Introduction. The imperative of global society is a change. The most effective way that modern man is 'in step' with daily changes is the application of information and communication technologies. Expansion and development of information and telecommunication technologies rapidly found their application in the health care system by improving medical practice itself. Medical informatics with its specific subbranch - dental informatics is engaged in the development, implementation and evaluation of information technologies in medicine and dentistry, ie. solving problems related to information and communication in health care. The Internet is the largest global network today and is increasingly used in medicine and dentistry. Using the Internet and other telecommunication methods allows us to easily keep pace with the continuous expansion of knowledge base. The entire information technology has been recognized as an integral part of the health care and an important element of good clinical practice, resulting in the emergence of telemedicine, teledentistry and telepharmacology. Telemedicine with the use of modern communication systems enables the transfer of medical data, which can provide medical services regardless of physical location of doctors and patients. Conclusion. Teledentistry is the combination of telecommunication and dentistry, it involves the exchange of clinical information and images over long distances for specialist dental consultation, diagnosis and treatment planning. Pillars of modern teledentistry are the application of the Internet and the rapid flow of data.

IT Adoption by Internal Auditors in Public Sector: A Conceptual Study

In this paper, I propose a research framework called the ‘“cultural construction of information technology.” It extends the more widely known concept of the social construction of technology (SCOT) and defines the concept of a cultural infrastructure for the application of information technology in other contexts than the one in which it is developed. Whether or not today’s economy is characterized best by the term globalization,1, the interweaving of economic processes and the growing number of internationally operating organizations in the world are matters of fact. The shaping of such a “global economy” is facilitated, among others, by information technology (IT) as it enables the crossing of both organizational as well as national borders. However, as in the case of so-called cultural universals, the universal applicability of IT is a myth also. It is therefore my contention that notwithstanding the blurring of borders, acknowledging the specificity of national cultures remains important, maybe even more than before, and should not be overlooked in the international application of IT. This is what we call the glocalization paradox2 of information technology. The paradox consists of both a global, border-crossing dimension of IT, as well as a local/national context dimension of IT thrust. Resolving this paradox is an important issue regarding the global application of IT. Thus, the application of IT across national boundaries stresses the growing awareness of cultural diversity, and ultimately, the need for the development of IT taking into account heterogeneous “target environments.”Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.

The monograph deals with the problem of choosing language tools for the creation of information technologies of intellectual decision support in the management of critical objects of the social sphere. It includes seven chapters: introductory chapter - system understanding of information technology of intellectual decision support; language of matrices; logical languages (calculus of statements and predicate calculus); language of semantic networks; language of fuzzy sets; language of frames; language of artificial neural networks; language of mathematical optimization. Examples of using these language tools to create information technologies for intellectual support of decision-making in various problem areas are given. It is oriented on students studying on the educational program of higher education: 09.03.02 - "Information systems and technologies" on a profile "Applied information systems and technologies", and also postgraduate students, oriented on protection of dissertations on a specialty: 1.2.3 - "Management in organizational systems". The material of the monograph will be useful for specialists dealing with practical issues of development and implementation of information technologies.

This paper presents a new approach for evaluating the quality of\nmanagerial choices in information technology (IT) deployment. The\napproach involves measuring the extent to which deployment sites\nperform in accordance with the firm's objectives, given the\nconstraints of their competitive environment. Our method is to\nmodel environmental descriptors as inputs to a production process\nthat yields business outputs. This production process is then\nevaluated via standard productivity assessment methods to obtain\n"competitive efficiency” scores. Interpreting why different\ndeployment sites exhibit different levels of competitive efficiency\ninvolves estimating regression models in which competitive\nefficiency scores are the dependent variables and management's IT\ndesign choices are the independent variables. Such measurement and\ninterpretative methods provide managers with new tools to improve\ntheir IT location and design decisions. Our framework is\nillustrated in the context of automatic teller machine (ATM)\ndeployment.

Organizational framework for health information technology

© Springer International Publishing AG 2018. In recent years, Information Technology (IT) applications have been developed for the traditional shipping industry aiming at improving safety and efficiency, but the design vision is dominantly technology-centric without much attention being given to the user’s actual work experience or needs. A usability study is an approach to uncover the gap between users and designers. Although there is substantial research on usability, the values and usability of the tabletbased applications used on ship bridges have rarely been investigated. In this paper, a tablet-based computer application was developed to provide decision support to river pilots for passing under bridges in the Gothenburg area. Experienced pilots were invited to participate in a simulated navigational environment. By exploring the potential barriers in using such novel applications on a bridge, this study aims to address the human factor concerns for future IT design and developments in the maritime domain.

In the 21st century, information technology (IT) is seen as a tool that assists companies to perform more efficiently and effectively. However, many studies have posed the question whether the benefits outweigh the investments. The issue is more serious in the construction industry where there are factors that limit performance such as inadequate training, ineffective use of IT infrastructures, maintenance inadequacies and less than positive staff perceptions concerning IT implementations by management. Malaysia is a rapidly developing country and IT integration has to be efficient to help accelerate development. This study aims to analyze IT effectiveness in construction companies focusing on small and medium contracting enterprises (SMCE). The study reviewed literature related to IT implementation and its services in the construction industry with the objective of highlighting the appropriate conceptual IT effective model in the context of the Malaysian construction industry. The review was also performed to identify important factors attributed to performance and hindrances of performance of Malaysian construction companies. The paper concludes with tentative implications for IT implementation with the necessity to comprehend operational and process-level changes as well as impact isolation of specific IT application types concerning firm’s dynamic capabilities, which mediate IT impacts on firm performance. Key words: Information technology, construction industry, Malaysia, performance, information technology effectiveness, information technology implementation.