Machine Learning for Secure and Intelligent Information and Communication Technologies: A Comprehensive Review

Intravenous fluid therapy is one of the important treatment methods for hospitalized patients, and it is also an important part of nursing work. Traditional intravenous infusion therapy has many problems in the aspects of medicine preparation, operation, inspection and quality control. The application of intelligent information technology in the field of medical care continues to develop and expand. The construction of nursing information is an inevitable trend for nursing care to adapt to social development. Applying intelligent information technology to intravenous therapy can innovate intravenous infusion nursing operations, optimize nursing service procedures, improve the efficiency of intravenous therapy, ease the imbalance between supply and demand for nursing staff, and ultimately improve patient satisfaction. This article mainly reviews the three aspects of the application of information technology in the intravenous infusion management system, including the IPAD-based mobile intravenous infusion quality management system, the intravenous medication intelligent error management system, and the intelligent equipment to optimize the intravenous infusion treatment process. It is proposed to empower the nursing staff with the application of modern intelligent nursing information technology, and build an overall intravenous therapy collaborative nursing quality management information system, in order to provide a reference for comprehensively strengthening the application of information management in intravenous therapy.

Nowadays, the power grid has become an active colossal resource generation and management system due to the wide use of renewable energy and dynamic workloads processed through intelligent information and communication technologies. Several new operations exist, such as power electrification, intelligent information integration on the physical layer, and complex interconnections in the smart grid. These procedures use data-driven deep learning, big data, and machine learning paradigms to efficiently analyze and control electric power system transient problems and resolve technical issues with robust accuracy and timeliness. Thus, artificial intelligence (AI) has become vital to address and resolving issues related to transient stability assessment (TSA) and control generation. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review on the role of AI and its sub-procedures in addressing problems in TSA. The workflow of the article includes an AI-based intelligent power system structure along with power system TSA and AI-application rationality to transient situations. Outperforms other reviews, this paper discusses the AI-based TSA framework and design process along with intelligent applications and their analytics in power system transient problems. Moreover, we are not limited to AI, but we also combine the direction of big data that is highly compatible with AI, discusses future trends, opportunities, challenges, and open issues of AI-Big data based transient stability assessment in the smart power grid.

To appropriately react to the swift development and changes of technologies these days, the need for creative teaching and learning has been increased. Making learners equip digital literacy of intelligent information has become necessary. This paper focused on three promising technologies that artificial intelligence humanities, forensic science, and digital therapeutics from intelligent information technology. We designed educational programs and applied the programs to 596 elementary and secondary school students in Korea. The objective of these programs was to promote the creativity of learners by using numerous techniques in thinking creatively and exploring newly emerging careers in the fields of intelligent information technology. To find out the educational effect, we tested the study's subjects for their satisfaction with education and their creativity. As a result of the study, the scores regarding the satisfaction of students engaged in the programs was high (M=4.18, SD=0.48), and the score on their creativity was also high (M=4.05, SD=0.38). These educational programs also showed high satisfaction and creativity scores regardless of school level. Accordingly, we suggest that the learning contents and concepts of intelligent information technology might be worthy of being applied across elementary and secondary school practices. From the result that the satisfaction, we found that it was necessary to improve quality of the artificial intelligence humanities program. Also, supplementary and advanced related activities are needed toward enhancing learner motivation and satisfaction.

Scalable and secure information and communications technology will be essential to enable the interoperability of future electricity distribution networks. This will be mainly driven by the need to process, analyse and share increasing volumes of data produced by sensors monitoring the condition of network assets, smart meters from residential and commercial customers, distributed generation, and responsive loads. Complexity is further introduced as these diverse data-streams will be gathered at different rates and analysed for different purposes such as near-to-real-time system state estimation and on-line condition monitoring of network assets. However, the nature of active networks dictates that all relevant information will need to be exploited by interoperable applications across an enterprise or business as a whole. This paper presents novel Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and high performance computing tools and techniques to enable near-to-real-time state estimation across large-scale distribution networks whilst concurrently supporting on the same computational infrastructure for the condition monitoring of network assets and advanced network restoration solutions. These platforms are promoting and supporting the emergence of new distribution network management systems, with inherent security and intelligent communications, for smart distribution network operation and management. We propose cost-effective scalable ICT solutions and initial investigation of realistic distribution network data traffic and management scenarios involving state estimation. Furthermore, we review the prospects for off-line trials of our proposed solutions in three different countries.

The quality and reliability of sustainability reports are essential factors in enhancing transparency and building trust among stakeholders.With the increasing importance of sustainability, Intelligent information technologies have emerged as a promising tool to improve these reports.Despite the continuous development of Intelligent information technologies, companies face challenges in improving the quality and reliability of sustainability reports to meet stakeholder expectations and achieve transparency, highlighting the need to assess the role of these technologies in enhancing the accuracy and reliability of accounting information.The research aims to analyze the impact of Intelligent information technologies on the quality and reliability of sustainability reports, focusing on modern technologies, To achieve the research objectives, a quantitative approach was adopted using a questionnaire addressed to a sample of accountants and auditors working in companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange, as well as auditors in companies and private audit offices, where the sample included 135 questionnaires, of which 113 were returned with a response rate of 83.7%.The research concluded that Intelligent information technologies is pivotal in enhancing the quality and reliability of sustainability reports, increasing transparency and trust between stakeholders, and supporting companies' commitment to sustainability standards.The results also showed that auditors consider Intelligent information technologies a key factor in improving the quality of sustainability reports and reducing errors.The researcher recommends increasing investments in Intelligent information technologies and providing specialized training programs for auditors to ensure the effective use of modern technologies and improve the quality and sustainability of reports.

Since the beginning of the 21st century, research in the intelligent systems had gained tremendous popularity as various technologies such as the micro-electronics technology, the intelligent sensor technology, the advanced intelligent control technology and other information technology, especially with the recent breakthrough in the field of deep learning, neural network and other artificial intelligence, had seen incredible advancement. It is worthwhile to note that the development of the intelligent technology is closely related to the current low-cost and high-speed data computing and storage capabilities. For instance, the network communication technology that had been applied in the military, industrial, medical and other relevant fields, had proven outstanding performance which result in the increased trust, and hence, attention on the intelligent unmanned systems. It can be predicted that the intelligent unmanned systems will become the commanding point of science and technology in the near future and an indicator of a country’s scientific and technological international status.

In change management, there emerges the problem of making timely and relevant managerial decisions. During the entire process of change, it is necessary to make decisions that ensure the success of changes, which is rather difficult in conditions of insufficient or, otherwise, abundant information and limited resources. The purpose of the study is to explore the possibilities and present the advantages to using intelligent information technologies in change management. The objectives of the study are to identify the features of decisions made during the period of changes; to identify the factors affecting the implementation of information analytical activities, and to review digital technologies that can accelerate decision making and improve its quality in change management. The results of the study have been obtained on the basis of an analysis of trends in the development of the IT market, the data on the introduction of advanced information technologies into company management for the period of 2020-2021, and an expert survey. Taking into account the formulated requirements for managerial decisions during the period of changes, a methodology for using intelligent information technologies in change management has been developed. Within the framework of the proposed methodology, there is established the relationship between the tasks of change management and information support. There is conducted a review of the digital technologies that can be used in managerial decision-making when implementing changes. The results of the study can be used in the development of an information system model that provides support for managerial decision-making during changes in the company.

The article examines the essence, classifies and highlights the historical aspects of the development of artificial intelligence technologies, identifies the trends and outlines the prospects for using the potential of modern information technologies in various spheres of public life. It is substantiated that the application of the capabilities of artificial intelligence-based systems in accounting practice makes it possible to automate certain accounting operations, in particular, processing and analysis of large amounts of accounting information, verification of accounting data and detection of errors, prevention of fraud, and also saves material and human resources for accounting, and increases the efficiency of the accounting process in general. Despite the significant advantages of integrating artificial intelligence into the accounting process, it is established that the use of the intelligent information technologies has risks for the accounting industry, which are associated with the release of a significant number of jobs, insufficient confidentiality and security of accounting data, the complexity of implementing an intelligent accounting system, and the lack of regulatory regulation of the procedure for using artificial intelligence systems in the accounting process. It is determined that the potential of artificial intelligence-enabled systems is gradually being used in accounting and this process will only intensify due to the rapid development of information technology and the trend towards automation of business processes, but there is still no talk of full integration of artificial intelligence into accounting practice. In order to ensure widespread implementation of artificial intelligence in the field of accounting, the author proposes a set of measures which include cultivation of a positive attitude towards intelligent information technologies, development of a national policy and strategy for implementation of artificial intelligence systems, professional development of practitioners, and development of information systems for automation of accounting based on artificial intelligence technologies.

The unprecedented technological revolution seen in the field of communication and space technology stretches over a very small span of Asian history and the collective memory of ancient civilizations of India and China. The techno-political events in the modem political paradigms, of parliamentary democracy in India and communism in China, are just about half century old. In such a situation, any expectation that information and communication technology would alter or influence recently adopted political systems and worldview needs an in-depth analysis of the social structure and capabilities of information and communication technology. The author had earlier proposed three forms of challenges that information and communication technology can bring to bear on the political paradigms. These were ‘technopositivism’, ‘techno-neutralism’and ‘techno-negativism’. The ‘techno-positivism’… view refers to the opinion of those who believe that satellite-based broadcasting helps political and emotional integration, thereby strengthening democracy. The ‘techno-negativism’ endorses the views of those who think that satellite-based broadcasting in plural civilizations having multiple languages and a ‘world view’, imposes the views of a politically dominant minority over the majority. The third form represents views of those who believe that technology by itself does not create any condition for weakening the democracy; rather the aims and goals of the communicators are directly responsible for strengthening or weakening the democracy. (Agrawal 1993:222, also see Hamelink, 1986). The situation has not substantially changed in the last decade. A large number of scholars have cast futuristic views on the basis of experiential knowledge about the repercussions on individual freedom of speech and expression, and human insights as a result of the all pervasive technological penetration in human society. The fundamental assumption being that information and communication technology willy-nilly will influence the existing political paradigms since information and communication is an essential ingredient in maintenance and perpetuation of clearly held values like democracy. The author has attempted in this paper is to have a synoptic view as to how professionals of communication and information technology have postulated its influence on democracy and the likely challenges it can pose to human freedom, freedom of expression and human rights. This will be followed by a likely scenario and the challenges that it can pose to the world’s largest democracy of a billion people.

The monitoring of pregnant women is very important. It plays an important role in reducing fetal mortality, ensuring the safety of perinatal mother and fetus, preventing premature delivery and pregnancy accidents. At present, regular examination is the mainstream method for pregnant women's monitoring, but the means of examination out of hospital is scarce, and the equipment of hospital monitoring is expensive and the operation is complex. Using intelligent information technology (such as machine learning algorithm) can analyze the physiological signals of pregnant women, so as to realize the early detection and accident warning for mother and fetus, and achieve the purpose of high-quality monitoring out of hospital. However, at present, there are not enough public research reports related to the intelligent processing methods of out-of-hospital monitoring for pregnant women, so this paper takes the out-of-hospital monitoring for pregnant women as the research background, summarizes the public research reports of intelligent processing methods, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the existing research methods, points out the possible problems, and expounds the future development trend, which could provide reference for future related researches.

From the Publisher: Addressing the need for information and communications technology (ICT) tools for competitive intelligence (CI) activities, this book covers conceptual issues such as the relation of strategy formulation, viability, and ICT. Also included are practical guidelines for implementing ICT tools to monitor strategy, and case studies on Intranet usage for CI activities. About the Author: Dirk Vriens is an assistant professor of knowledge and information management at the Nijmegen School of Management.

The Government and industry are currently using information and communication technology a lot. The Government and companies in Indonesia have regulations on operational standards and management procedures for information and communication systems security at Government regarding implementing information system security. Information security is essential because there are many threats to information security. Information security in this era of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is fundamental. Information Exchange Environment (IEE) vulnerabilities have increased as threats become more widespread and complex; therefore, information security has become a fundamental problem for businesses, organizations, and governments. So, in this paper, we will explain the review of the impact of Information Security For Government and companies in terms of threats and types of information security. Some security system methods are analyzed, among others—application Security, cloud security, Cryptography, security infrastructure, Incident response, and vulnerability management. The results of this review analysis, it known threat has several solutions, each depending on the type of threat for both the Government and the Company. Furthermore, Information Security is considered very important, especially for data stored in Government and companies.

China is currently at an important stage of urbanization. In recent years, the number and scale of under-lake tunnels in southern cities of China are growing consistently, which brings opportunities and challenges in intelligent construction and operation maintenance. Due to the long length of the under-lake tunnel, the large volume of concrete to be cast, the complex environment of the buried section and the underground environment of the lake bottom, the hydration heat and stress crack have been the main challenges of the under-lake tunnel engineering in crack control and waterproofing aspect. Simultaneously, with the development of big data, intelligent construction, information technology, and other techniques, these techniques are gradually applied to the whole life cycle of tunnel engineering including survey, design, construction, operation, and maintenance. The construction of the lake tunnel project is setting off a new round of technological innovation. This paper systematically summarizes the technical breakthroughs and application of technologies such as intelligent construction and information technology in the construction of under-lake tunnels in China, and puts forward reasonable suggestions on the key technologies of intelligent construction and operation maintenance for urban under-lake tunnel engineering.

Introduction. A comprehensive analysis of the development of information and communication technologies in the context of educational practice will contribute to the development of effective strategies for the modernisation of educational systems in the context of global technological change. Modern education can no longer function effectively without the integration of information and communication technologies into the educational process. Information and communication technologies open up new opportunities for personalisation of the educational process, development of independent work skills, creativity, critical thinking, and communication. At the same time, their implementation is accompanied by certain challenges: the need to modernise educational programmes, train teaching staff, provide technical infrastructure, and overcome digital inequality. The study of the historical stages of development of information and communication technologies in education allows us to understand the patterns of implementation of these technologies and identify effective strategies for their use today. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the stages of development of information and communication technologies in the context of their introduction into educational practice, to analyse the historical background of integration of information and communication technologies into education, and to identify current trends and prospects for their effective use in the educational process. Methods. The study used theoretical methods of scientific and pedagogical research analysis (dissection of historical and pedagogical material into its component parts (facts, ideas, concepts, events) allows to reveal the essence of certain phenomena, trends in the pedagogical past); synthesis (combining individual facts and provisions into a holistic view of pedagogical phenomena, used after analysis to form a generalised picture); historical and logical method (study of pedagogical phenomena in the chronological sequence and logic of their development, makes it possible to establish the patterns of development of pedagogical ideas); comparative and historical method (comparison of pedagogical phenomena, ideas, education systems in different historical periods or in different countries, allowing to identify common, different and unique); induction and deduction (induction – from individual facts to general conclusions, deduction – from general principles to explanation of individual historical and pedagogical facts); abstraction and generalisation (separation of essential features of pedagogical phenomena, construction of generalisations, concepts, typologies); prognostic method (use of historical and pedagogical experience to predict possible directions of education development). Results. The study has shown that information and communication technologies are the driving force behind the transformation of education, and their integration into the educational process requires not only technical support but also methodological training of teachers, updating of educational programmes, and rethinking of traditional educational models. The study identifies eight stages of the development of information and communication technologies; the periodisation of the development of information and communication technologies reflects the gradual transition from early forms of information storage and transmission to modern information and communication technologies. The further development of information and communication technologies in education will help to increase its accessibility, efficiency, and inclusiveness. Mass computerisation, the Internet, mobile technologies, cloud services, and artificial intelligence. The development of information and communication technologies is a multidimensional process that combines new opportunities with large-scale challenges. Successful digital transformation depends on the ability of society to effectively manage these challenges, ensuring inclusive, secure, ethical, and environmentally responsible development of information and communication technologies. Only by integrating innovation with the principles of sustainable development can a harmonious digital future be shaped. Originality. The article examines the evolution of information and communication technologies in the context of education, analyzes the key stages of their development, as well as current trends in the integration of information and communication technologies into educational practice. Particular attention is paid to the impact of digitalisation on educational processes and the formation of innovative pedagogical approaches. The main challenges and prospects for further implementation of information and communication technologies in education are outlined. In particular, attention is paid to the problems of digital inequality, cybersecurity, ethical aspects of the use of information and communication technologies, and the role of innovation in ensuring sustainable technological progress in the context of education. Conclusion. Information and communication technologies play a key role in the transformation of education, providing new opportunities for accessibility, flexibility, and personalisation of the educational process. The historical development of information and communication technologies shows their growing importance in pedagogical practice. Modern education is actively introducing distance learning formats, digital platforms, artificial intelligence, and other innovations. At the same time, there are challenges, such as digital inequality, the need for digital literacy of teachers, and cybersecurity issues. Effective integration of information and communication technologies into education requires a systematic approach, investment, and methodological support.

A central question in the strategic management literature is one of how organizations achieve and maintain sustainable competitive advantage. While scholars in this area have explored this issue from many different perspectives, our understanding of the relationship between technology acceptance, usage, and competitive advantage is still incomplete. The papers in this special section (some of which were originally presented in a session on this topic in INFORMS 2008) focus on this issue. They present studies situated in an international context, underscoring the importance of technology to competitive advantage across different national contexts. They examine a rich array of technologies or technological infrastructures that have a bearing on the success of individuals and organizations, pointing to the complex relationship between technology and business outcomes. We present a brief summary of the papers below. The study “From IT deployment capabilities to competitive advantage: An exploratory study in China” by Jun Tian, Kanliang Wang, Yan Chen, and Bjorn Johansson uses a survey of Chinese firms to examine how organizations can deploy acquired information technologies to support and shape business strategies and value chain activities. The paper identifies three building blocks of IT deployment, namely strategic IT flexibility, business—IT partnership, and business—IT alignment, and empirically examines how these three constructs directly or indirectly influence competitive advantage. The study “ICT infrastructure for innovation” by Bendik Bygstad builds on a case study of the Norwegian company, Norwegian Corp., to examine how the concept of an enterprise service bus, applied at different levels, can provide insights into the innovation process both within and across different business units of an organization. The study illustrates how technologies can influence the development of organizational structures. The study “Knowledge management technology for organized crime assessment” by Petter Gottschalk presents a knowledge management technology stage model. This study examines how police organizations use information and communication technologies in intelligence and investigative work, and highlights the challenges these organizations face in applying and using new technologies to improve their functioning. The study “Successful and unsuccessful multicommunication episodes: Engaging in dialogue or juggling messages?” by JeanineW. Turner and N. L. Reinsch uses a critical incident technique to explore multicommunicating by individuals. Turner and Reinsch define multicommunicating as the act of engaging in more than one conversation at a time, and find that some technology pairings appear more conducive to multicommunicating than others. The respondents in their study provide a number of reasons why some episodes of multicommunicating are successful while others are not. D. Rau (*) :W. Zheng Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA e-mail: drau@niu.edu