Magnetic Core Circuits for Digital Data-Processing Systems

This paper discusses about derivation of potential of regenerative braking from Indian driving perspective and it also evaluates parameters useful for system design using data analysis. The fuel efficiency potential and other calculation results are based on Indian homologation cycle and collection of real world driving data which was condensed into meaningful drive cycles for prominent Indian cities. Component and control strategy requirements are calculated and the compromises that would result due to the calibrations in strategy are quantitatively defined. This enables the engineers to make concrete data driven decisions during system design. The paper also discusses incorporating safety related considerations in system design e.g. Stability during wheel lock, safety from generation at high power, effect of ABS and understanding the effect of an electric regenerative braking system on vehicle chassis behavior while briefly discussing about enhancing regenerative braking potential by changes in system and control design.

Dry Tree Semisubmersibles (DTS), with the capability of supporting surface wellheads and allowing drilling and completion through direct vertical access risers, have attracted intense interest from the oil and gas industry. A wet tree deep draft semisubmersible has been carefully reconfigured considering the balance between the overall floater configuration and the tensioner stroke for a harsh environment application. A large amount of simulation efforts have been performed for the optimization of the integrated hull/deck/mooring/riser system. Recently, a basin model test was also successfully completed and further demonstrated its technical feasibility. The paper presents the overall design of a Top-Tensioned Riser (TTR) system for a DTS application focusing on the complexity of the DTS-TTR interface including ram style tensioning system, riser conductor and riser top assembly design with keel joint, etc. Due to the heavy weight of the TTR system in the ultra-deep water application, the riser top sections are subject to high reaction loads with the DTS in severe environments. The riser system faces the challenge to have a feasible and economic top assembly design. In this paper, an engineered riser conductor pipe is introduced to interface the riser top assembly with hull. The riser conductor pipe, which spans from deck to keel, is integrated with riser top assembly and the tensioner system design. The riser conductor protects the riser in the splash zone and prevents the high reaction loads directly transferring from hull to riser, thus reducing the riser keel joint and tension joint size. The feasibility and performance of the TTR system are demonstrated through the static and dynamic analyses. Pipe-in-pipe (PIP) contact model is employed in the simulation to ensure the dynamic interaction loads between riser and riser conductor are captured. The TTR overall system design consideration for the DTS application is discussed.

Applications of pedagogical agent (PA) systems incorporating animated characters in school settings have mainly addressed students at an individual level. However, how these systems could be used and designed for supporting teachers while taking advantage of artificial intelligence (AI) technology is an open question. Therefore, we carried out a focus group to understand what teachers would expect and need from such a system at a classroom level. Our focus group protocol sought to discover design and practical considerations in four dimensions. 1) System design considerations, where teachers expect the system to incorporate speech recognition and to “learn” from them while doing their practice. 2) System collaboration, teachers wanted support in their pedagogy by considering students’ achievement profiles, and by finding and sorting learning material as needed. 3) PA role in the classroom, we identified the following roles: annotator, scaffolder, peacekeeper, and substitute. 4) PA ethical considerations, teachers perceive PA as a possible replacement threat and controversial opinions on the use and meaning making of this technology. We discuss our findings and present future research directions to develop a PA that could empower teachers with AI pedagogy in the classroom, hence, indirectly supporting learning.KeywordsPedagogical agentClassroom level technologyArtificial intelligence pedagogyFocus groupEducational technology

An aid is provided for system design engineers in determining the suitability of stand-alone photovoltaic systems for specific applications. It can be helpful in the preliminary engineering of the system in which the initial sizing of the major components of the system are determined. Introductory material on using the handbook, and on typical stand-alone PV system configurations are provided. Component design and engineering information, including load estimation and reduction strategies, PV array characteristics, and material on batteries, power handling equipment, and back-up systems are provided. The data needed to begin the design process is discussed and, preliminary system design considerations are given. These considerations include analysis of insolation and siting, system sizing, feasibility assessment and reliability engineering approaches. Information is provided on system design procedures and applicable codes and standards.

Design considerations of a total energy power system for a rural health centre in Nigeria

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Cooling system design considerations for vehicles powered by advanced low temperature charge air cooled engines are reviewed. Current low flow radiator design practices for on highway applications are contrasted to cooling system design considerations for on/off and off highway equipment. The impact of auxiliary heat loads associated with torque convertor oil coolers is outlined and the advantages and disadvantages of optional systems are discussed.</div>

We systematically analyze audio key finding to determine factors important to system design, and the selection and evaluation of solutions. First, we present a basic system, fuzzy analysis spiral array center of effect generator algorithm, with three key determination policies: nearest-neighbor (NN), relative distance (RD), and average distance (AD). AD achieved a 79% accuracy rate in an evaluation on 410 classical pieces, more than 8% higher RD and NN. We show why audio key finding sometimes outperforms symbolic key finding. We next propose three extensions to the basic key finding system—the modified spiral array (mSA), fundamental frequency identification (F0), and post-weight balancing (PWB)—to improve performance, with evaluations using Chopin's Preludes (Romantic repertoire was the most challenging). F0 provided the greatest improvement in the first 8 seconds, while mSA gave the best performance after 8 seconds. Case studies examine when all systems were correct, or all incorrect.

Large dairies, or CAFOS, are under increasing pressure to limit nutrient loads, and controlodors associated with their facilities. As more states base soil application rates of residuals fromdairy operations on Phosphorous, specifically soluble Phosphorus, solid separation and liquid phasetreatment to insoluble Phosphorus forms has become increasingly important. That is, the portion ofresidual placed in a solid, or more easily transportable form, and the resultant reduced nutrient loadin the liquid stream are of increasing importance.<br><br>System design, flow, solids separation equipment and chemical augmentation all contribute tonutrient removal and inactivation. Costs, maintenance, and management associated with suchsystems are also of paramount concern. This presentation will discuss several variations of the samebasic type of system utilizing primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment equipment manufactured by Fan Separator along with chemical augmentation to achieve solids separation and nutrient removalor inactivation from the liquid residual stream. In many cases, these systems, in addition to providingnutrient and odor management, render the residuals into a form that can be used as bedding for freestall operations.<br><br>The aforementioned systems have been successfully pilot tested in full scale or are in operation onflush and scrapes dairies in Europe and in Idaho, New York and Wisconsin in the United States.Generalized schematics of flow and equipment configuration will be presented for each type ofinstallation. Nutrient removal efficiencies and typical costs of chemical precipitation, electrical, andmaintenance will also be provided. Finally, the considerations for system design and long-termmanagement will be discussed.

Here, we describe an improved high-speed CE (HSCE) system using a short capillary and translational spontaneous sample injection. Several important factors for consideration in system design as well as various factors influencing the performance of the HSCE system were investigated in detail. The performance of this HSCE system was demonstrated in electrophoretic separation of FITC-labeled amino acids. Under optimized conditions, baseline separation of eight amino acids and FITC were achieved in 21 s with the plate heights ranging from 0.20 to 0.31 μm, corresponding to a separation rate up to 20 700 theoretical plates per second. The separation speed and efficiency of the optimized high-speed CE system are comparable to or even better than those reported in microchip-based CE systems.

The downlink of UMTS employs variable spreading factor and multicode to support variable data rate transmissions. In multicode and low spreading factor scenarios, interpath interference (IPI) among code channels is a principle factor that needs to be taken into consideration in system design. For example, the RAKE receiver with conventional maximum-ratio-combining suffers greatly from the presence of IPI. We present a new receiver structure that effectively incorporates an optimum combining scheme and dual-antenna diversity to enhance system performance.

This paper examines the performance of photovoltaic panels integrated into the electrical grid in a load-sharing scheme at Darool Ehsan Muhammadiyah Senior High School, Sragen. The study is part of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta's community service program focused on renewable energy development in educational environments. Unlike previous studies relying on simulated data, this research uses real-time primary data from direct measurements of photovoltaic power production and grid electricity consumption over a specific period. The study’s innovation lies in analyzing the photovoltaic system within a tropical climate-based load-sharing scheme and comparing energy usage when connected to photovoltaic panels versus when disconnected. It also evaluates the impact of reducing solar energy consumption from the grid. The collected data reveal an estimated daily load of 49.89 kWh, with PLN-supplied energy consistently exceeding inverter-supplied energy. Integration of photovoltaic panels into the grid reduces PLN electricity consumption by up to 30% during optimal sunlight periods, achieving an average system efficiency of 15%. This research offers valuable insights into the potential and challenges of implementing photovoltaic panels in educational settings, emphasizing the importance of climate considerations in system design and optimization. Future studies will focus on techno-economic evaluations of solar power installations and harmonic distortion (THD) analysis for larger-scale implementations.

Contextually based reasoning is an essential aspect of human cognition, permeating language, memory, and reasoning capabilities. This integral process is developed over the lifetime through experiential learning. Given the goal of artificial intelligence to mimic human intelligence, it is essential to include such contextual considerations in system design and implementation. We compare selected computational architectures and cognitive paradigms on the basis of key elements in human intelligence understanding in order to illustrate the similarities and differences between the two viewpoints and highlight the potential effectiveness of context based computing. In the literature, we discover meaningful parallels between the assessment of context in cognition and computation which have implications for both fields of study.KeywordsContextCognitionArtificial Intelligence

Current space borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems are able to provide users with high resolution image data of around one meter. Focusing on systems operating in the X-band, this value is not the end of possible improvements in resolution. There still lies a great potential in an increase of bandwidth of the radar signal itself and also in a significant enlargement of the synthetic aperture. From the technical point of view this certainly is a challenge, but could be possible for future space borne SAR missions already with current state of the art hardware. As a matter of proof TerraSAR-X introduces a new staring spotlight image product that significantly improves the azimuthal resolution to around a quarter of a meter. The technical realization of the very high resolution SAR system is not the only obstacle to overcome. Especially the increase of Doppler bandwidth along the synthetic aperture requests special treatment and considerations in system design from a signal processing’s point of view. Challenges like orbital accuracy, tropospheric effects, approximations in SAR processing methods and depth-of-focus issues have to be addressed. In this paper, most of these challenges are studied separately by performing parametric simulations for single point targets and also for complex signatures of an airplane. A comparable SAR parameter set as used by the high resolution sliding spotlight mode and the new staring spotlight mode of TerraSAR-X are used for simulation.

We have fabricated active probes for on-wafer waveform and network measurements. The probes incorporate GaAs nonlinear transmission line (NLTL) based network analyzer (NWA) integrated circuits and low-loss quartz coplanar-waveguide probe tips. The active probes show step response falltimes of 2.7 ps when excited by a 0.7-ps falltime input, Using these active probes, we demonstrate both waveform measurements with 2.7-ps risetime and network measurements to 200 GHz. We discuss the probe tip and NWA IC design, the hybrid assembly and mechanical design, and system design considerations. On-wafer waveform and S-parameter measurements of monolithic millimeter-wave integrated circuits are demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Electrical conductivity is an important petroleum reservoir parameter because of its sensitivity to porosity, pore fluid type, and saturation. Although induction logs are widely used to obtain the conductivity near boreholes, the poor resolution offered by surface‐based electrical and electromagnetic (EM) field systems has thus far limited obtaining this information in the region between boreholes. Low‐frequency crosswell EM offers the promise of providing subsurface conductivity information at a much higher resolution than was previously possible. Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Lab (LLNL) and Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories (LBL), together with an industrial consortium, recently began a program to conduct low‐frequency crosswell EM surveys and develop suitable inversion techniques for interpreting the data. In developing the field instrumentation we used off‐the‐shelf components whenever possible, but custom‐designed induction coil transmitters and receivers were built for the field experiments. The assembled field system has adequate power for moderate to high‐resolution imaging, using boreholes spaced up to 500 m apart. The initial field experiment was undertaken in flat lying terrain at the British Petroleum test site in Devine, Texas. Using wells spaced 100 m apart, we collected a complete crosswell EM data set encompassing a 30 m thick, 10 ohm‐m limestone layer at a depth of 600 m. The resulting profiles were repeatable to within 1% and showed an excellent sensitivity to the layered structure, closely matching the borehole induction resisitivity log. At the UC Richmond field station, crosswell EM measurements were made to track an injected slug of salt water. Conductivity images of data collected before and after injection showed a clear anomaly as a result of the salt water plume and indicated that the plume had migrated in a northerly direction from the injection borehole.