MALWARE PROTECTION FOR EXTERNAL DEVICES

Microseismic monitoring of multi-stage hydraulic fracturing has emerged as a key technology for unconventional stimulation wells to show the 3D propagation of the induced fractures. Monitoring the dynamic growth of these fractures gives insight into the quality of the completion design as well as better understanding of reservoir characteristics and rock properties. The lack of industry standard format for microseismic data resulted in major challenges on different aspects of transmission, interpretation and archiving. This has raised the need to establish a standard format for both raw and basic processed microseismic data. Basic processed data for each microseismic event is processed remotely in the field and transmitted in near real-time to central offices to be mapped and integrated with other data types using specialized technologies to enable timely decision making. Data should contain the minimum and sufficient information to characterize and indicate the location and magnitude of the induced fractures. Raw microseismic files are large in size and typically delivered to data proponent in external storage devices at the end of the hydraulic fracturing operation. These files should contain additional attributes collected at the field for all microseismic events and stages such as trace header description, geophone orientation and specification. Both basic processed and raw microseismic data must be captured in a standard format to be stored in a corporate database to safeguard company assets, ensure data integrity and availability for future operations. Data standardization for both basic processed and raw microseismic was developed by compiling the minimum data requirements from subject matter experts. The new standard for basic processed data consists of a vendor-neutral format that is suitable for all service companies and compatible with major interpretation and visualization technologies. This standard mainly focuses on setting guidelines for microseismic events location and magnitude. Raw microseismic files are in "SEGY" format that include additional meta data attributes such as frac stage number, treatment and monitoring well. Solutions used to address current microseismic data exchange challenges went beyond data standardization to include modification of existing real-time data transmission system, interpretation technologies and database schema to accommodate and visualize microseismic data at different stages. Future challenges of microseismic will include the need for technology and data transformation to adopt new generation processing technologies and algorithms to enable on-site data analytics and huge data transmission. This new approach will automate filtering signal from noise to streamline real-time signal transmission and ensure integrity. This session will focus on highlighting microseismic current and future data challenges including discussions on some of the proposed solutions.

Chapter 6 - Secondary Storage

A computer system has been developed to add data acquisition, display, storage, and processing capability to a multiparamenter flow cytometer/sorter. The system can handle one or two parameters in histogram mode. Alternatively one, two or more parameters are stored event-by-event on an external storage device in list-mode with a resolution of 12 bit. The processor can also control cell sorting. Usual multichannel analyzer features are implemented in software, using standard interface boards without special electronics. Data are accepted via Direct Memory Access (DMA), which depends only on hardware. Data acquisition deadtime is nearly independent of software routines such as graphics display and interactive work. Since more than 8000 events/sec are achieved for eight paramenter handling, the computer system has capacity for rapid data acquisition. Although there is no need for such high data acquisition rates in present flow cytometry, it gives the advantage of short single event acquisition and longer process control handling.

System Security means protecting confidentiality and integrity of input or output data to as well as the safety of the system. To meet stated security requirements, designers will need to add some special functions into the system. However, in several cases including high-throughput requirement, limited resource or trade-off between risks and costs, adding security functions should be taken into comprehensive consideration. This paper presents a method to enhance safety and update speed of the partially reconfigurable embedded systems based on FPGA is updated remotely via the Internet or from external storage devices such as a Compact Flash (CF) memory card.

Optimizing the pathology workstation "cockpit": Challenges and solutions

Along with the development of technology, especially computer and internet, we can get information more easily. It also encourages the number of computer users and the internet is getting bigger. Especially in the environment of PT. Prism Dynamics Indonesia, the number of employees who use the internet more and more from time to time. Increasing users who use the network will cause the existing network infrastructure, should be increased so as not to make users disappointed due to decreased network performance. At PT. Prism Dynamics Indonesia a lot of important files that must be stored starting from the data project, finance, sales, purchasing and service of goods, all hardcopy data or softcopy if not stored properly then there will be damage to the data or even lost. it takes a centralized data storage container like file sharing. File sharing is a system where many users can share files and storage resources with a client-server concept run over the network. A file server allows users to share information over a network without having to physically send files with floppy disks or some other external storage device.

With the increasing uses of black boxes for vehicles, automobile manufacturers have widely studied and developed them. Existing black boxes store only video and sound, and have limitations in accurately identifying accident contexts. Besides, data are lost if the black box in the vehicle is damaged. In this study, a smart blackbox system was manufactured by storing the additional data, including tyre pressure, in-vehicle data e.g., head lamp operation, current location, travel path and speed and video and sound, using OBD-II and global positioning system GPS to improve the efficiency and accuracy of accident analysis. An external storage device was used for data backup via wireless local area network LAN to allow checking of data even when the black box is damaged.

The different cartilage layers vary in synthesis of proteoglycan and of the distinct types of collagen with the predominant collagen Type II with its associated collagens, e.g. types IX and XI, produced by normal chondrocytes. It was demonstrated that proteoglycan decreases in degenerative tissue and a switch from collagen type II to type I occurs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation of real-time (RT)-PCR and Photoshop-based image analysis in detecting such lesions and find new aspects about their distribution. We performed immunohistochemistry and histology with cartilage tissue samples from 20 patients suffering from osteoarthritis compared with 20 healthy biopsies. Furthermore, we quantified our results on the gene expression of collagen type I and II and aggrecan with the help of real-time (RT)-PCR. Proteoglycan content was measured colorimetrically. Using Adobe Photoshop the digitized images of histology and immunohistochemistry stains of collagen type I and II were stored on an external data storage device. The area occupied by any specific colour range can be specified and compared in a relative manner directly from the histogram using the "magic wand tool" in the select similar menu. In the image grow menu gray levels or luminosity (colour) of all pixels within the selected area, including mean, median and standard deviation, etc. are depicted. Statistical Analysis was performed using the t test. With the help of immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR and quantitative RT- PCR we found that not only collagen type II, but also collagen type I is synthesized by the cells of the diseased cartilage tissue, shown by increasing amounts of collagen type I mRNA especially in the later stages of osteoarthritis. A decrease of collagen type II is visible especially in the upper fibrillated area of the advanced osteoarthritic samples, which leads to an overall decrease. Analysis of proteoglycan showed a loss of the overall content and a quite uniform staining in the different zones compared to the healthy cartilage with a classical zonal formation. Correlation analysis of the proteoglycan Photoshop measurements with the RT-PCR using Spearman correlation analysis revealed strong correlation for Safranin O and collagen type I, medium for collagen type II and glycoprotein but weak correlation between PCR aggrecan results. Photoshop-based image analysis might become a valuable supplement for well known histopathological grading systems of lesioned articular cartilage.

Implantable medical devices (IMDs) are opening up new opportunities for holistic healthcare by enabling continuous monitoring and treatment of various medical conditions, leading to an ever-improving quality of life for patients. Integration of radio frequency (RF) modules in IMDs has provided wireless connectivity and facilitated access to on-device data and post-deployment tuning of essential therapy. However, this has also made IMDs susceptible to various security attacks. Several lightweight encryption mechanisms have been developed to prevent well-known attacks, e.g., integrity attacks that send malicious commands to the device, on IMDs. However, lack of a secure key exchange protocol (that enables the exchange of the encryption key while maintaining its confidentiality) and the immaturity of already-in-use wakeup protocols (that are used to turn on the RF module before an authorized data transmission) are two fundamental challenges that must be addressed to ensure the security of wireless-enabled IMDs. In this paper, we introduce OpSecure, an optical secure communication channel between an IMD and an external device, e.g., a smartphone. OpSecure enables an intrinsically user-perceptible unidirectional data transmission, suitable for physically-secure communication with minimal size and energy overheads. Based on OpSecure, we design and implement two protocols: (i) a low-power wakeup protocol that is resilient against remote battery-draining attacks, and (ii) a secure key exchange protocol to share the encryption key between the IMD and the external device. We evaluate the two protocols using a human body model.

Today, along with successfully solved tasks of information exchange through airspace, there is a wide specter of problems related to establishment of communication channels in elastic environments, such as water and other liquids, elastic metallic and non-metallic materials. The high absorption intensity of electromagnetic waves energy by such environments significantly reduces the range of reception/transmission, depending on the radio frequency band used. Furthermore, if a transceiver is placed inside a hermetically sealed frame, for example, in a deep-sea autonomous module, data exchange with external devices becomes impossible due to the opacity of its metal shell for electromagnetic waves. The article analyzes the possibility of using a sonic channel to organize stable reception and transmission of data and energy.

With the increasing need for analyzing graph data, graph systems have to efficiently deal with concurrent graph processing (CGP) jobs. However, existing platforms are inherently designed for a single job, they incur the high cost when CGP jobs are executed. In this work, we observed that existing systems do not allow CGP jobs to share graph structure data of each iteration, introducing redundant accesses to same graph. Moreover, all the graphs are real-world graphs with highly skewed power-law degree distributions. The gain from extending multiple external storage devices is diminishing rapidly, which needs reasonable schedulings to balance I/O pressure into each storage. Following this direction, we propose GraphScSh that handles CGP jobs efficiently on a single machine, which focuses on reducing I/O conflict and sharing graph structure data among CGP jobs. We apply a CGP balanced partition method to break graphs into multiple partitions that are stored in multiple external storage devices. Additionally, we present a CGP I/O scheduling method, so that I/O conflict can be reduced and graph data can be shared among multiple jobs. We have implemented GraphScSh in C++ and the experiment shows that GraphScSh outperforms existing out-of-core systems by up to 82%.

: Detailed input/output (I/O) specifications were compiled for the three interface channels that currently exist in the STARAN associative processing computer at RADC: (1) buffered I/O (BIO), (2) direct memory access (DMA), and (3) external function (EXF). The availability and location of port connections for these channels are included within the I/O specifications. A comprehensive philosophy was developed that provides an interface between various external devices and the parallel input/output PIO unit. The recommended PIO expansion method uses a daisy-chain approach, where each external device is constrained to repeat all the signal of the PIO channel. The expansion method contains a control channel and four 256-bit-wide data ports. These data ports connect external devices to the PIO unit. The associative arrays also connect to the PIO unit through four existing ports. Since the associative array ports contain intermediate buffer registers, the recommended expansion data ports are not buffered. To minimize the number of cable wires and signal repeaters, the PIO expansion approach uses bi-directional lines and time-multiplexed data transmission. In this way, 32 lines are used to transmit a 256-bit-data word in either direction. A detailed logic design of the recommended PIO expansion philosophy was completed; three new PC boards were designed as part of this effort. (Author)

In this paper, an overview on the research progress of implantable antenna used for biomedical implantable devices is discussed. Biotelemetry is used for the transmission of physiological data from human body to a distance place by using the implantable medical devices (IMDs). These IMDs having many applications in biomedical communication mostly therapeutic and diagnostic application. Currently, patch antenna shows significant scientific interest in implantable medical devices due to their interesting feature like design flexibility, easy fabrication, conformability and its shape. The important factors for implantable medical devices need some requirement like its compact size, biocompatibility, patient safety, communication link ability, etc. This review paper focus to provide an overview on related research work of implantable antenna and challenges related to the designing and testing of implantable antenna and its solutions.KeywordsImplantable medical devices (IMDs)Specific absorption rate (SAR)External device (ED)Wireless personal area networks (WPANs)

Evidently, there is a widespread adoption of external storage devices in contemporary situations, including USB sticks, SD cards, and flash memory devices. If, on the other hand, these devices are misplaced or lost, the presence of sensitive data on them can provide a potential security risk. The currently available encryption solutions frequently have usability issues, which necessitate that users continually input keys or login credentials across a variety of portable devices. The study offers a solution that overcomes these difficulties by integrating key caching with time-delayed deletion within the MobileShielded Encryption Framework (MoSEF). This method is our reaction to the problem. There are two distinct iterations of this idea that we have developed. The initial version, which functions flawlessly even in the absence of deliberate user intervention, achieves this by restricting the use of external storage to only temporary data transfers.Within the file system, the second variant makes it possible to handle numerous encryption keys for different files. This is made possible by a trusted host on the file system. By eliminating the need to share keys or passwords, timed key caching significantly improves both the level of security and the level of usability of a system. In addition to ensuring interoperability with mobile devices, our solution, which is incorporated within the MoSEF architecture, provides plaintext encryption for external storage media. To reduce the likelihood of data breaches and illegal access, this strategy offers users a mechanism that is both convenient and safe for managing sensitive data when they are on the move.

Chapter 23 - Programming for I/O and Storage