Manufacturing Knowledge Graph: A Connectivism to Answer Production Problems Query With Knowledge Reuse

Design for manufacturing (DFM), especially the use of manufacturing knowledge to support design decisions, has received attention in the academic domain. However, industry practice has not been studied enough to provide solutions that are mature for industry. The current state of the art for DFM is often rule-based functionality within computer-aided design (CAD) systems that enforce specific design requirements. That rule-based functionality may or may not dynamically affect geometry definition. And, if rule-based functionality exists in the CAD system, it is typically a customisation on a case-by-case basis. Manufacturing knowledge is a phrase with vast meanings, which may include knowledge on the effects of material properties decisions, machine and process capabilities or understanding the unintended consequences of design decisions on manufacturing. One of the DFM questions to answer is: How can manufacturing knowledge, depending on its definition, be used earlier in the product life cycle to enable a more collaborative development environment? This paper will discuss the results of a workshop on manufacturing knowledge that highlights several research questions needing more study. This paper proposes recommendations for investigating the relationship of manufacturing knowledge with shape, behaviour and context characteristics of a product to produce a better understanding of what knowledge is most important. In addition, the proposal includes recommendations for investigating the system-level barriers to reusing manufacturing knowledge and how model-based manufacturing may ease the burden of knowledge sharing. Lastly, the proposal addresses the direction of future research for holistic solutions of using manufacturing knowledge earlier in the product life cycle.

When it investigated at the industrialization processes in the world economy, it is seen that while the industrial sector in economies passes to a different stage with the development of production techniques, resources are directed to the production of new products with the differentiation in the products produced. In the development process of the world economy, the Taylor Production System, the Fordist Production System, the Post-Fordist Production System express the reflections of technical change in production on production. In a sense, the change in production knowledge has also brought about the change in production techniques. While the change in the process of change in production knowledge in the industrialization process brought about the change in production techniques, the industry also brought about the change in the product range. With the support of the increase in R&D activity, under the influence of new trends in technology, previously non-existent industrial sub-sectors have emerged. At this point, while the production knowledge changes in the industrial sector, the change in production techniques and product variety is analyzed.

The use of a Quality by Design (QbD) approach in the development of pharmaceutical products is known to bring many advantages to the table, such as increased product and process knowledge, robust manufacturing processes, and regulatory flexibility regarding changes during the commercial phase. However, many companies still adhere to a more traditional pharmaceutical process development—in some cases due to the difficulty of going from a theoretical view of QbD to its actual application. This article presents a real-world case study for the development of an industrial pharmaceutical drug product (oral solid dosage form) using the QbD methodology, demonstrating the activities involved and the gains in obtaining systematic process and product knowledge.

To achieve efficient development of high-quality product, manufacturing constraints must be fully taken into account at the early design stage. However, designers lack in-depth knowledge of manufacturing and production. Many time-consuming iterations of design changes are required between designers and manufacturing engineers. In order to minimize this knowledge gap, this paper presents an ontology-based product design framework for manufacturability verification and knowledge reuse to support the sharing and reuse of design and manufacturing knowledge. It aims at providing advices and feedback of restraints of manufacturing processes to the designers during the design process. The proposed framework consists of three major layers which include a foundation layer, a domain layer, and an instance layer. We use the Web Ontology Language (OWL), a standard of ontology representation language, to formalize the foundation layer. It contains the core product model and the standard ISO 10303 AP224 application protocol. The domain layer comprises extensional concepts and relationships for design and manufacturing integration and a rule base for manufacturability verification, which is represented in Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL). In the instance layer, an inference engine is developed based on ontology and rule inference. It provides recommendations of manufacturability. Two case studies are provided as application examples to demonstrate the effectiveness of the framework.

PurposeDeveloping multigenerational products through iteration helps enterprises cope with environmental uncertainty and maintain lasting competitive advantages in a globally competitive environment. From the knowledge integration perspective, this study aims explore how enterprises achieve multigenerational product innovation.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory case study design is used to explore the multigenerational product innovation process.FindingsThis study proposes a model of the multigenerational product innovation process and shows that knowledge integration includes two important parts: the internalization of external knowledge and intergenerational knowledge integration. This study further conclude that multigenerational innovation has three main channels: rapid iteration, continuous reflection and coordination.Originality/valueFirst, this study presents a theoretical model of the process of multigenerational product innovation, including triggers, knowledge integration, learning systems and outcomes, and further enhances our understanding from product innovation to multigenerational product innovation. Second, this study contributes to the literature on the multigenerational product innovation process by revealing the knowledge integration process of the internalization of external knowledge and intergenerational knowledge integration.

Product development is a highly creative and knowledge-intensive process that involves extensive information and knowledge exchange and sharing among geographically distributed teams and developers. How to best integrate such heterogeneous product knowledge has become an extremely important knowledge management (KM) subject associated with product development. Product development knowledge integration and sharing is becoming a key issue in the enterprise KM. This paper addresses the challenges of product development knowledge integration and sharing during product development. The aim of this research work effort is to develop a method to enhance the integration and sharing of product knowledge during the development phase. This study presents a systematic approach to developing knowledge integration and sharing for product development. The proposed approach includes the steps for designing a framework of product development knowledge sharing, developing representation model for product development knowledge, designing product development knowledge sharing process, designing product development knowledge integration ontology, developing knowledge integration and sharing method for product development based on ontology, and implementation of product development knowledge integration and sharing method. The proposed method could bring out an efficient and proactive way for knowledge integration and sharing among product developers in the product development process.

This study discusses the influence of motivation and knowledge of Islamic banking products on the decision to become a customer of Bank Syariah Indonesia (Case Study of Ex Bank Syariah Mandiri Kcp Palembang Km 6). Descriptive quantitative research method, with a population of 3,612 customers and 97 samples. While the data collection technique using questionnaires and documentation and data analysis is multiple linear regression analysis. The results obtained show that the motivation to avoid usury and knowledge of Islamic banking products simultaneously on the decision to become a customer has a positive and significant effect with the proportion of motivation to avoid usury (X1) and knowledge of Islamic banking products (X2) on the decision to become a customer (Y) of 75 ,2%. Meanwhile, for the partial test of the motivation to avoid usury and knowledge of Islamic banking products on the decision to become a customer, it is known that the motivation to avoid usury (X1) has a positive and significant effect. The second variable knowledge of Islamic banking products (X2) also has a positive and significant effect on the decision to become a customer (Y) at Bank Syariah Indonesia (Ex. Bank Syariah Mandiri KCP Palembang KM 6).

With the gradual development of enterprise information systems, the enterprises' knowledge is in the environment of heterogeneous sources. This paper analyzes the barriers to knowledge integration under such condition. It is pointed that software systems, as support of the knowledge integration, is the key enabler of knowledge integration, and that the software usability is the major issue of the system design. In addition, the relationship between the software usability (focused on knowledge aggregation, knowledge reuse and personalization) and the software architecture is discussed. Furthermore, recommendations for the software architecture design are provided to support effective knowledge integration.

Effective and efficient provision and reuse of knowledge across a knowledge network in the global value chain still faces two challenges, namely the interpretability of model and the efficacy of construction. This research aims to address these challenges by proposing a novel representation model for design knowledge. First, a knowledge representation model based on the integration of the cognitive process theory and the Requirement-Function-Behavior-Structure model (C-RFBS model) is proposed to incorporate key elements from the cognitive process of designers to capture the rationale of deliberation and the context of decision-making, which the knowledge records created become more interpretable. Second, knowledge graph is employed to improve the productivity of knowledge records creation, storage and exploration. On this basis, we describe the creation of knowledge records using the C-RFBS model as well as the computational framework and methods for storing knowledge using knowledge graph. The proposed model and methods are implemented in a knowledge retrieval system on which we have conducted a fork design case study to evaluate and demonstrate the models and methods. As shown in the evaluation, the proposed model can effectively support knowledge elicitation and achieved improved performance in terms of knowledge retrieval through incorporating knowledge graph.

Product knowledge support needs are compared in two companies with different production volumes and product complexity. Knowledge support requirements identified include: function, performance data, requirements data, common parts, regulatory guidelines and layout data. A process based data driven knowledge reuse method is evaluated in light of the identified product knowledge needs. The evaluation takes place through developing a pilot case with each company. It is found that the method provides more benefit to the high complexity design domain, in which a significant amount of work takes place at the conceptual design stages, relying on a conceptual product representation. There is not such a clear value proposition in a design environment whose main challenge is layout design and the application of standard parts and features. The method supports the requirement for conceptual product representation but does not fully support a standard parts library.

Industry is the forte of modern knowledge. But here too, traditional knowledge-based products have a niche market, which is growing. Their market share is not very small either. This is not understood because the unit sizes are small and diverse. The first case we discuss is from the pharmaceuticals sector, of modern drug development using Ayurvedic medicinal knowledge. We introduce the initiatives that are on the road to success. Here, there is almost unlimited economic potential that awaits to be utilized. This is followed by three case studies from micro, small, and medium industries sector. These are a village agro industry of West Bengal, a distinctive design of gems and jewelery from Kerala, and from handicrafts sector a world famous toy making style of Karnataka. The case studies in this chapter deal with technology development, legal and administrative support, marketing, and role of leadership.

Transformation of the Economic Sustainability Management System of Russian Industrial Companies Utilizing Blockchain Technologies and Knowledge Management Mechanisms

Product knowledge discrepancies refer to differences or inconsistencies in the way individuals understand and interpret product-related information.This occurs when there are variations in understanding, interpretation, or assessment of a product between different stakeholders, such as consumers, sales representatives, or leaders in an organization.The aim of this research is to analyze the causes of differences in knowledge about products and identify communication challenges in the vertical communication process at PT. XYZ.This research uses a case study method with a qualitative approach to find the right solution.The research results found that differences in product knowledge that occurred during vertical communication came from errors in interpretation by sales representatives due to failure to decode messages conveyed by leaders, resulting in differences in the interpretation of product information.The vertical communication process carried out at PT. XYZ did not achieve its goal due to the stages of the communication process not going well due to the recipient's lack of ability to ask or reconfirm with the sender of the message.The research concludes that interactive and transactional communication in the vertical communication process between leaders and sales representatives can increase product knowledge, improve unclear communication and interactions and can overcome challenges in interpreting product information so as to create a common understanding.

The re-use of product knowledge is vital to the development of Knowledge-Based Engineering (KBE) systems and to the deployment of Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) strategies. This paper addresses the challenges related to KBE-PLM systems integration in order to unlock engineering knowledge from proprietary representations and to manage the lifecycle of KBE models as well as their usage by different design automation applications. Essential constituents of product knowledge are identified and analyzed and the concepts of design intent and design rationale are re-introduced as key enablers to re-use this product knowledge in the appropriate KBE context. The paper introduces a KBE-PLM integration framework including a platform-independent Open KBE repository structured according to the KBE-PLM integration schema. This schema is a multi-layer neutral product and knowledge data model designed for integrating information from parameterized Computer-Aided Design (CAD) models, rule-based KBE systems and PLM systems.

A framework for management of Knowledge-Based Engineering applications as software services: Enabling personalization and codification