Membrane technology for resource recovery.

Small-scale and low technology resource recovery

Dual-bioaugmentation strategy to simultaneously mitigate biofouling and promote methanogenesis in AnMBR

Characterization and mitigation of the fouling of flat-sheet ceramic membranes for direct filtration of the coagulated domestic wastewater

Development of Novel Bioelectrochemical Membrane Separation Technologies for Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) technologies have attracted substantial interest due to their advantages over traditional biological nitrogen removal processes, including high efficiency and low energy demand. Currently, multiple side-stream applications of the anammox coupling process have been developed, including one-stage, two-stage, and three-stage systems such as completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite, denitrifying ammonium oxidation, simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal, partial denitrification-anammox, and partial nitrification and integrated fermentation denitritation. The one-stage system includes completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite, oxygen-limited autotrophic nitrification/denitrification, aerobic de-ammonification, single-stage nitrogen removal using anammox, and partial nitritation. Two-stage systems, such as the single reactor system for high-activity ammonium removal over nitrite, integrated fixed-film activated sludge, and simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal, have also been developed. Three-stage systems comprise partial nitrification anammox, partial denitrification anammox, simultaneous ammonium oxidation denitrification, and partial nitrification and integrated fermentation denitritation. The performance of these systems is highly dependent on interactions between functional microbial communities, physiochemical parameters, and environmental factors. Mainstream applications are not well developed and require further research and development. Mainstream applications demand a high carbon/nitrogen ratio to maintain levels of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, high concentrations of ammonium and nitrite in wastewater, and retention of anammox bacteria biomass. To summarize various aspects of the anammox processes, this review provides information regarding the microbial diversity of different genera of anammox bacteria and the engineering aspects of various side streams and mainstream anammox processes for wastewater treatment. Additionally, this review offers detailed insights into the challenges related to anammox technology and delivers solutions for future sustainable research.

Oman is a country with limited water resources. Discarding carwash wastewater limits reuse opportunities, worsen water pollution, and impact future water needs. To address this, we explored the potential of Moringa oleifera seed cake (MOSC) to purify carwash wastewater for potential domestic reuse. Initial characterization of wastewater samples collected from carwash centres was performed using standard analytical techniques. The application of MOSC demonstrated significant removal of diverse contaminants, including lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), quantified through flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS). As determined by turbidimetry, initial turbidity levels of 61.2 NTU and 87.2 NTU were reduced by 92.53% and 93.67%, respectively. Furthermore, relative electrical conductivity and hardness exhibited reductions of up to 67.3% and 71.7%, respectively, while total dissolved solids (TDS) decreased by 65.1% and 71.8%. Optimal contaminant removal was achieved at a pH 7, utilizing a MOSC dosage of 0.2 g, under agitation at 150 RPM for a contact time of 20 minutes. Under these optimized conditions, the removal efficiencies for Pb reached up to 93.46% and 91.95% and for Cd up to 93.22% and 98.74% for the two different samples analysed. These findings underscore the potential of MOSC as a promising, environmentally benign technology for sustainable carwash wastewater treatment and resource recovery in water-stressed regions like Oman.

- This study presents the development of a novel hybrid wastewater treatment system combining biochar adsorption and microbial bioremediation to simultaneously remove nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and heavy metals (cadmium, lead, and chromium) from industrial wastewater. The system integrates biochar derived from agricultural waste with a microbial consortium enriched for pollutant degradation. Laboratory-scale experiments demonstrated removal efficiencies of 90% for nitrates, 85% for phosphates, and over 80% for heavy metals under optimized conditions. Analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), confirmed the mechanisms of adsorption and biodegradation. The hybrid system offers a sustainable, cost-effective solution for treating complex wastewater streams, with potential for scalability. This work contributes to advancing wastewater treatment technologies for environmental protection and resource recovery. Keywords: Hybrid wastewater treatment, biochar adsorption, microbial bioremediation, nutrient removal, heavy metals, sustainable treatment

Membrane separations science concerns the selective transport of chemical species across molecularly designed barriers that are effectively two-dimensional. This interdisciplinary field has become the focus of many scientific communities in recent years, including researchers in supramolecular chemistry, materials science, environmental science, polymer science (chemistry and physics), colloid and interface science, nanofluidics, structural biology, and biophysics. The great attraction of membrane science is the connection and visibility of the broad impacts of the final application, which is even apparent while working at the smallest scales. The “big picture” challenges that membrane science seeks to address include water purification, wastewater treatment, desalination, carbon dioxide capture, food and dairy processing, removal of pathogens (including viruses), hydrocarbon processing, and resource recovery from wastes, among a wide variety of applications. These topics span many urgent societally relevant themes of clean water and air, public health, climate change, waste minimization, and energy production. The assembled special issue of PNAS illustrates the convergence emerging in the field across scales (from molecular self-assembly to industrial scale separations), disciplines (from biophysics to industrial scale hydrocarbon separations), materials (from membrane proteins to graphene), and approaches (molecular analysis to economic analysis). The issue also highlights emerging areas of interest, including biomimetics, ion–ion separations, membrane process residuals (brine) treatment, hydrocarbon separations using membranes, and technologies for wastewater resource recovery. The papers are organized by applications, and within each application area by scale and approach. In general, this special issue is roughly divided into three main sections: biologically inspired ideas and applications to separation processes in aqueous liquids, gas and hydrocarbon separations, and improving current membranes and membrane processes. The first section of this special issue is on biologically inspired ideas for designing more selective and energy-efficient membranes. A unique feature of biological membranes is the exceptional ion selectivity seen in membrane proteins … [↵][1]1To whom correspondence may be addressed. Email: manish.kumar{at}utexas.edu or hastone{at}Princeton.edu. [1]: #xref-corresp-1-1

Emerging trends of microalgae bio-granulation research in wastewater treatment: A bibliometric analysis from 2011 to 2023

Phosphorus (P) recovery from corn biorefineries is promising for mitigating environmental impacts and promoting the P circular economy

Humanity has been working to lessen the effects its varied activities have on the environment in an effort to create a more sustainable civilization. Given that the majority of energy produced comes from fossil fuels, such as oil and coal, which are limited resources, the energy sector relates to one of the most significant operations. Additionally, their natural mechanisms for converting energy into electricity release a variety of pollutants that are to blame for eutrophication, acidification, and global warming of soil and marine habitats. The raw materials needed to produce biofuels, one of the alternatives to fossil fuels, including vegetable oils, wood and agricultural waste, municipal trash, and spent cooking oils (WCOs). The traditional method of WCO valorisation is the production of biodiesel, which, like all technologies for resource recovery, has benefits and drawbacks that must be analysed from a technical and financial standpoint. There are other ways to use WCO despite its successful use in the production of biodiesel, it should be noted. Among these, pyrolysis, gasification, and cracking or hydrocracking processes can be used to manufacture alternative fuels using thermochemical technology. The ideal circumstances for each technology were determined, and then the projects and businesses that use this kind of technology and WCO were located. This article provides an overview about a practical method for restoring waste cooking and motor oil as possible biofuel energy.

Anaerobic treatment of source-separated domestic bio-wastes with an improved upflow solid reactor at a short HRT

Strategy for future laboratory rock mechanics programs : Butcher, B M; Jones, A K In: Research and Engineering Applications in Rock Masses (paper to the 26th US Symposium on Rock Mechanics, Rapid City, 26–28 June 1985) V2, P883–892. Publ Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema, 1985

Economic growth and the rapid increase in the world population has led to a greater need for natural resources, which in turn, has put pressure on said resources along with the environment. Water, food, and energy, among other resources, pose a huge challenge. Numerous essential resources, including organic substances and valuable nutrients, can be found in wastewater, and these could be recovered with efficient technologies. Protein recovery from waste streams can provide an alternative resource that could be utilized as animal feed. Membrane separation, adsorption, and microbe-assisted protein recovery have been proposed as technologies that could be used for the aforementioned protein recovery. This present study focuses on the applicability of different technologies for protein recovery from different wastewaters. Membrane technology has been proven to be efficient for the effective concentration of proteins from waste sources. The main emphasis of the present short communication is to explore the possible strategies that could be utilized to recover or restore proteins from different wastewater sources. The presented study emphasizes the applicability of the recovery of proteins from various waste sources using membranes and the combination of the membrane process. Future research should focus on novel technologies that can help in the efficient extraction of these high-value compounds from wastes. Lastly, this short communication will evaluate the possibility of integrating membrane technology. This study will discuss the important proteins present in different industrial waste streams, such as those of potatoes, poultry, dairy, seafood and alfalfa, and the possible state of the art technologies for the recovery of these valuable proteins from the wastewater.Graphical abstract

As a new membrane technology, forward osmosis (FO) has aroused more and more interest in the field of wastewater treatment and recovery in recent years. Due to the driving force of osmotic pressure rather than hydraulic pressure, FO is considered as a low pollution process, thus saving costs and energy. In addition, due to the high rejection rate of FO membrane to various pollutants, it can obtain higher quality pure water. Recovering valuable resources from wastewater will transform wastewater management from a treatment focused to sustainability focused strategy, creating the need for new technology development. An innovative treatment concept which is based on cooperation between bioelectrochemical systems and forward osmosis has been introduced and studied in the past few years. Bioelectrochemical systems can provide draw solute, perform pre-treatment, or reduce reverse salt flux to help with FO operation; while FO can achieve water recovery, enhance current generation, and supply energy sources for the operation of bioelectrochemical systems. This paper reviews the past research, describes the principle, development history, as well as quantitative analysis, and discusses the prospects of OsMFC technology, focusing on the recovery of resources from wastewater, especially the research progress and existing problems of forward osmosis technology and microbial fuel cell coupling technology. Moreover, the future development trends of this technology were prospected, so as to promote the application of forward osmosis technology in sewage treatment and resource synchronous recovery