Migration and Integration from the Indian Perspective

According to Jasodhara Bagchi (2017), "It is as a mother that a woman gains some agency". Contrary to popular belief, the womb is not an 'inert receptacle'; it can allow or prevent sperm invasion, but only when the woman can decide the same. The extreme onslaught of patriarchy and totalitarian supremacy in the Society of Gilead has resulted in the manipulation of motherhood. By proposing an alternate reality in which women's lives are controlled solely by procreation and gender roles imposed strictly and violently, Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale (1985) investigates the nature of human existence, particularly for women, in a culture bereft of free will. The novel pertains to both historical and present social challenges, particularly those affecting women. Though there are several research studies on the novel's western feminist perspectives focused on women's identity, status, role, oppression, womanhood, and surrogacy, there is a lack of studies focusing on the Indian perspective of the novel. The present article focuses on the problems of motherhood, its connection with Indian society by analysing the major feminist concerns and the contemporary issues based on the novel. The study explicitly aims to analyse motherhood based on the feminist perspective of Bagchi's Interrogating Motherhood and bring together radical feminist theorising in the broad sense of conceptualising social reality from an Indian perspective. The novel reinforces marriage and motherhood's social and biological ideals and its role in depriving female agency. From the Indian radical feminist perspective, the novel reveals women's complicity in upholding male dominance.

List of illustrations Notes on contributors Acknowledgements List of abbreviations 1. Cross border Intellectual Property and theoretical models - Ruth Taplin 2. Innovation and Intellectual Property Rights in China and India: Prospects and Strategies - Bernard Arogyaswamy and Lisa Dolak 3. African Intellectual Property Law and the Newly Emerging African Economies with an Emphasis on South Africa - Nthabisheng Phaswana and Dario Tanziani 4. Two types of University Technology Transfer Intermediaries: TLO and TMC the Case of Thailand and the United States - Akio Nishizawa 5. The Financial Crisis, Intellectual Property and Prospects for Recovery: the Case of Poland, Central and Eastern Europe - Alojzy Z Nowak 6. Socio Economic changes Effected by Intellectual Property Rights - the Indian perspective - Mohan Dewan 7. Development of Intellectual Property Rights in Turkey: its Implications for the Turkish Economy - Erhun Kula and Selin Ozoguz 8. Cluster development, Intellectual Property and Global Competitiveness: Prospects of the Nano Sector in Hsinchu Science Park - Chyi Yih- Luan Index

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the applicable legal framework, various concerns regarding the price support methodology and the merits and pitfalls of the Bali peace clause that currently shields India’s public stockholding (PSH) policy, to provide suggestions on moving forward in the World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations.Design/methodology/approachAt the WTO, PSH for food security is considered a trade-distorting price support measure when food stocks are purchased from farmers at administered prices instead of market prices. The price support is measured by a specific methodology stipulated under the Agreement on Agriculture. India is concerned that the price support methodology overestimates the actual support provided to the farmers and makes India susceptible to violating the WTO law.FindingsThe paper explains the domestic implications for India arising due to the applicable WTO law. Given the centrality of India’s PSH programmes in ensuring food security, India must seek more clarity on the interpretation of Article 18.4 of the AoA and the ambiguous provisions of the Bali peace clause.Originality/valueThe paper provides a timely and updated analysis of the contentious issue of PSH for food security, exclusively from the Indian perspective, highlighting the persisting challenges for India in WTO agriculture negotiations. This is timely as many WTO members have raised serious concerns about India’s market price support policies recently and this analysis informs the reader about the underlying issues.

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Automobile emissions refer to the gases and particles released into the atmosphere by vehicles during their operation. These emissions contribute to environmental pollution and have an impact on human physiology and environment. This paper assimilates findings from a comprehensive research study examining tyre wear and its Indian perspective. Tyre wear understood as a factor affecting road safety, environmental health, and economic sustainability. The study identifies factors affecting tyre wear and provides overview regarding tyre wear generation in India, encompassing road infrastructure, vehicle characteristics, driving patterns, and environmental factors. Moreover, it examines the adverse effects of these particles on human health, such as respiratory ailments and cardiovascular diseases, as well as their impact on ecosystems. This paper delves measures to measure tyre wear and safeguard both environmental and public health. It also covers the tyre wear measurement methodologies to provide a comparison of methods used for estimating tyre wear. This paper is an attempt to summarize effects of tyre wear and its Indian perspective. Specific market serves specific requirements. Bringing forward India specific perspective of tyre usage patterns, it is common observation that Indian tyre consumption pattern is different than the developed countries like other developed countries. Varied environmental conditions, road conditions and usage patterns also affect tyre wear. This paper will address various such aspects also.</div></div>

Human management has emerged as an important area of study in the new millennium. While the western ideas of human management are largely based on the tenet of maximum profit attainment, the Indian idea of human management has traditionally focused on the upbringing of both the individual and the organisation that he/ she serves. Unfortunately, management studies in India by and large still remains West-centric both in terms of theory and practice. This paper is a humble endeavour towards bringing to light the concept and nature of human management as envisaged in the Indian perspective, principally on the lines of Swami Vivekananda’s ideals of śraddhā, love, compassion, renunciation of power, tolerance, positive thinking and swahridayta. In doing so, the author has attempted to string together the views of Swami Vivekananda on the various aspects related to the subject of management as available from different sources and outline a broad framework for efficient organization management in the Indian perspective by connecting the concerned links. The author concludes with the observation that due importance needs to be given to the incorporation of Swami Vivekananda’s ideas in the academic syllabi of management studies as well as practical management matters in contemporary India.

Financial inclusion is delivery of banking services at an affordable cost to the vast sections of disadvantaged and low income group. Unrestrained access to public goods and services is the sine qua non of an open and efficient society. As banking services are in the nature of public good, it is essential that availability of banking and payment services to the entire population without discrimination is the prime objective of the public policy. But in the Existing Banking System segment of the population, especially the underprivileged sections of the society still out of banks' fold. Percentage of adult population having bank account is only 59 %, means 41% of population is unbanked unfortunately this percentage is higher in rural areas. Extent of exclusion from credit markets much more. Number of Loan accounts only 14 % of Adult population and its coverage is only 9.5 % in rural areas. 51.4% Farm Households have no access to formal or informal sources of credit, 73 % had no access to the formal sources of credit. Considerably, marginal farmers, landless laborers, oral lessees, self employed and unorganized sector enterprises, urban slum dwellers, migrants or ethnic minorities and socially excluded groups, senior citizens and women are out of the purview of financial inclusion. Hence an attempt has been made to analyze the extent of financial inclusion, prevailing lacunas and challenges therein in Indian perspective.

Burden of cancer: An Indian Perspective - JCHM- Print ISSN No: - 2394-272X Online ISSN No:- 2394-2738 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/2394-2738.2018.0027, The Journal of Community Health Management-J Community Health Manag

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph"><b>Background</b>: The Indian automobile industry, including the auto component industry, is a significant part of the country’s economy and has experienced growth over the years. India is now the world’s 3<sup>rd</sup> largest passenger car market and the world’s second-largest two-wheeler market. Along with the boon, the bane of road accident fatalities is also a reality that needs urgent attention, as per a study titled ‘Estimation of Socio-Economic Loss due to Road Traffic Accidents in India’, the socio-economic loss due to road accidents is estimated to be around 0.55% to 1.35% of India’s GDP [<span class="xref">27</span>] Ministry of road transport and highways (MoRTH) accident data shows that the total number of fatalities on the road are the highest (in number terms) in the world. Though passenger car occupant fatalities have decreased over the years, the fatalities of vulnerable road users are showing an increasing trend. India has committed to reduce road fatalities by 50% by 2030. In this context, the automotive industry as well as MoRTH have been taking multiple initiatives including those related to vehicular and road engineering as well as educational measures for raising awareness in the field of road safety.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">With the intent of lowering road traffic accidents, the government and the ministry are constantly upgrading the requirements related to vehicles, infrastructures, and their implementation thereof. In this context, various future regulations are being deliberated. One such regulation in discussion pertains to requirements for the protection of the passenger car occupants in the event of a full-frontal collision with a focus on restraint systems (AIS 201). This will push manufacturers to design more sophisticated restraints that would help to reduce restraint-induced injuries. The draft version of the standard is available for public input/ discussion.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">The key objective of the study documented herein is to consider various aspects of the draft standard (AIS 201) from the Indian perspective. This study investigates the research questions, enumerated below: <ol class="list nostyle"><li class="list-item"><span class="li-label">1</span><div class="htmlview paragraph">What should be the appropriate test speed for the full-frontal test based on Indian accident data?</div></li><li class="list-item"><span class="li-label">2</span><div class="htmlview paragraph">What is the suitable dummy configuration in terms of gender, seating position, and age to maximize occupant safety in full frontal accidents?</div></li><li class="list-item"><span class="li-label">3</span><div class="htmlview paragraph">Is the proposed ATD’s anthropometry (weight and height) suitable, based on the people involved in full frontal cases in India?</div></li><li class="list-item"><span class="li-label">4</span><div class="htmlview paragraph">What are occupant injury attributes in full-frontal accidents?</div></li></ol></div><div class="htmlview paragraph"><b>Key findings/ expected research findings</b>: India has a very different mix of road traffic users and road traffic fatalities compared to that in Europe (Refer to <span class="xref">Table 1</span>). Further, issues like seat belt usage are of utmost concern. The demographic for India is also very different from those of developed economies. With India being a country with a rather young population, male and female dummies for driver and front passenger positions should be looked upon. This calls for India-specific safety regulations and research work on automotive test dummies.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph"><b>Practical implications</b>: The study can potentially provide a suggestion for alignment of the regulatory requirements with the actual situations, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the standard.</div></div>

Population ageing is emerging as a critical determinant of substance use patterns worldwide. Aging, in general, has imminent public health implications for countries (such as India) that are undergoing rapid demographic transit. The elderly population represents a growing but under-examined group within substance use research and clinical practice globally. Age-related physiological changes alter the risk profile of substance use in older adults, resulting in larger negative effects even in lesser amounts. Clinical presentations are frequently atypical, contributing to underrecognition and delayed diagnosis. In primary care, substance use-related harms in the elderly are frequently overlooked or misattributed to comorbid medical or cognitive conditions. In India, this invisibility is compounded by the limited availability of age-specific epidemiological data and health systems that remain largely oriented toward the working-age population. This narrative review synthesizes available Indian and international literature on substance use and related disorders among older adults. We have discussed the current epidemiology, clinical presentation, and diagnostic dilemmas. Particular attention is given to elderly women, in whom substance use is often linked to heightened stigma and poor help-seeking. Management strategies, including pharmacological and psychosocial interventions, rehabilitation, and the role of primary care integration, are discussed. Emerging areas, such as digital health interventions, brain stimulation, and integrative medicine, are discussed, alongside their limited evidence base. In the end, key research priorities and policy directions are debated. This review underscores the need for more systematic research, age-sensitive clinical frameworks, and greater visibility of the elderly within substance use discussions in India.

P3.11.06 Destination — safe motherhood — Indian perspective

Context: In India, COVID-19 pandemic has limited the utilization and access to dental services owing to the risk of infections transmission. In this context, tele-dentistry could be useful but there is paucity of literature which provides guidance on the scope and challenges for using tele-dentistry in India. Aims: To identify challenges, scope and assessment approaches of tele-dentistry from an Indian perspective. Settings and Design: Scoping Review. Methods and Material: Scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O’Malley framework. Databases were searched in July from April to August 2020. Studies concerning challenges and scope of tele-dentistry in India were included. Additionally, literature about assessment approaches used for tele-dentistry programs were also reviewed Results: A total of 64 studies were reviewed, out of which 26 articles were included in the final review. Scoping review reveled that tele-dentistry can act as a seamless tool for diagnosing, training and screening. Few studies suggested the relevance of smartphone technology for specialist consultations and proper diagnosis. Majority of studies revealed shortage of basic infrastructure as a major challenge for tele-dentistry in India. Assessment studies were mainly focused on economic perspective and cost-effectiveness of the programs. Conclusions: This review provide guidance for using tele-dentistry in India. It is also reflected that there is a need for further research about the assessment of tele-dentistry in terms of safety, clinical outcomes, and patient perception.

Some Managerial Issues Concerning Implementation and Maintenance of Flexible Manufacturing Systems- An Indian Perspective

In this paper we have adapted an agent approach for traffic light control. According to this, the proposed system contains agents and their world which in turn contains roads, cars, traffic lights etc. Each of these agents observe the traffic density and control the traffic light at the junction by using observe-think-act rule i.e. the agents will continuously observe the traffic and depending on the density and waiting time it decides which rule can be inferred and finally it implements the condition to the traffic light controller which can efficiently manage the traffic flow near the junction. The system has been implemented by using NetLogo based traffic simulator. The investigation is to control the traffic at the road junction by applying few inference rules.It reduces the waiting time and increases the efficiency of the traffic light controller intelligently.

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide, and its complications are highly contributing to mortality. Compared to oral hypoglycemic agents, reduction in HbA1c is maximum with insulin therapy. Evidence suggests the potential benefits of achieving normoglycemia with early intensive insulin therapy. Despite the high levels of uncontrolled T2DM in Indian patients, the use of insulin remains suboptimal. Initiation of insulin therapy in patients with T2DM is often inappropriately delayed due to physician's barriers. These include physicians’ inadequacy of skill and time required for insulin therapy, perceived complications of insulin therapy and perceived lack of treatment benefit. These barriers can be overcome by physician education and training, using effective patient education methods and tools, and bridging gaps to improve adherence by the patients. Pharmaceutical industry, government health authorities, medical institutions, healthcare professionals and patients can help to overcome the clinical inertia for the initiation and titration of insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes.

3 - Environment and Education – an Indian Perspective