MIMO Eigen Beamforming for HSUPA of TD SCDMA

Abstract: In SISO (single input and single output) system, refers to have only one input and one output. Here only one antenna is used at receiver and transmitter side. SISO are relatively simple to design and implement. They are of low cost and used in wide range of applications. However, SISO systems are poor in performance and deliver low data rate. So we’ll prefer MIMO (multiple input and multiple output) over SISO as it gives better spectral efficiency, improved reliability and good coverage. In MIMO we use multiple antennas at transmitter and receiver side which is known as Spatial Multiplexing(SM) which enhances the data rate. In the paper the performance of spatial combining MIMO system is analysed. Matlab used for simulation.

The synthesis of mechanisms has an important effect in the product development. A mechanism has two basic kinds of functions, i.e. to transform motion and to transform force. However, current methods always focus on either motion synthesis or force synthesis. The paper proposed a dynamic programming-based synthesis of multi-input or multi-output mechanisms with the simultaneous consideration of motion and force transmission. A general function model is proposed with a result of function matrix of mechanisms. After the solving process of single input and single output (SISO) system using dynamic programming algorithm is proposed, the single input and multiple outputs (SIMO) system, and the multiple inputs and single output system (MISO) are also discussed in detail, together with design evaluation. The synthesis of mechanisms for jacking up system in offshore platform is taken as an example, which demonstrates that the methodology is helpful to produce valuable mechanisms.

Using a special determination of the state variables it is noted, that with the faster modes of the conventional reduced order Luenberger observer, a smaller sensitivity to the change of the plant parameters is related. Especially, for the plants with single input and single output (SISO) and no zeros, it is shown that the sufficiently fast observer has a negligible sensitivity to all of the plant parameters. For the SISO plants with some zeros, the number of the plant parameters with respect to which the observer is almost insensitive decreases, if the number of zeros increases. The considerations are extended to the plants with multiple inputs and single output (MISO) and to the MIMO plants. These observations are confirmed by the enclosed results of simulations.

A SIMO (single input and multiple output) system of a step-frequency (SF) radar is used. It works in downward-looking spotlight mode and moves within a 2D synthetic plane array. A 3D (three-dimensional) matrix of bistatic scattering fields is produced in both the amplitude and phase from a 3D complex-shaped electric-large target above background surface.

This paper was originally motivated by aiming at explicating why a simple iterative learning control scheme for complicated robot dynamics with strong non-linearities works well in acquiring any given desired motion over a finite or infinite time duration or any periodic motion. To gain a physical insight into the problem, a class of linear dynamical systems with specified input and output of the same dimension is treated by defining two properties: output-dissipativity and learnability. It is then shown that the former implies the latter and furthermore, for a class of linear systems with single input and single output, they are equivalent to each other and each of them is also equivalent to strict positive realness of input-output transfer function. For a class of MIMO (multiple inputs and multiple outputs) systems, it is possible to prove that each of these properties is equivalent to strict positive realness of the input-output transfer function matrix if it is strictly proper or otherwise its direct term from input to output satisfies an extra condtion.

Visible Light Communication (VLC) has emerged as a powerful technique for wireless communication systems. Providing high data rate and increasing capacity are the major problems in VLC. Recent evidence suggests that Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technique can offers improved data rates and increased link range. This paper describes the design and implementation of visible light communication system in indoor environment exploring the benefits of MIMO. The specific objective of this research was to implement a 4×4 Multiple Input (LEDs) Multiple Output (photodetectors)-VLC communication system, where a 16 white power LEDs in four arrays are setting up at transmitter and four RX modules are setting up at receiver side without the need for additional power or bandwidth as well as analyze a mathematical model for a VLC- 4×4 MIMO with different modes such as the suitable angles to cover the entire room. The research designs practically an electronic circuit for the transmitter and receiver with inexpensive components. The power distribution of different propagation modes is calculated for Single Input Single Output (SISO) and MIMO channels in typical room dimensions. The results in this paper indicate that the power is distributed uniformly for entire room when implemented VLC-MIMO as compared to VLC-SISO. Furthermore, a 4×4 MIMO implementing VLC is compared in term of BER vs. SINR with SISO communication system for both Line of Sight (LOS) and Non Line of Sight (NLOS) propagation modes. Comparing the two results of LOS and NLOS, it can be seen that a 4×4 MIMO implementing VLC for LOS perform better than the same system with NLOS due to decreasing in the received power resulted from the multipath effect.

Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology has evolved over the past few years into a technology with great potential to drive the direction of future wireless communications. MIMO technology has become a solid reality when massive MIMO systems (MIMO with large number of antennas and transceivers) were commercially deployed in several countries across the world in the recent past. Moreover, MIMO has been integrated into state-of-the-art paradigms such as fifth-generation (5G) networks as one of the main enabling technologies. MIMO possesses many attractive and highly desirable properties such as spatial multiplexing, diversity gains, and adaptive beamforming gains that leads to high data rates, enhanced reliability, and other enhancements. Nevertheless, beyond 5G technologies demand wireless communication systems with, among other properties, immensely higher data rates and better reliability simultaneously at the same time. In this work, a new, novel MIMO technique for simultaneously achieving multiplexing and diversity gains as well as completely eliminating any processing at the MIMO receiver, leading to advantages such as low complexity and low power consumption, is proposed. The proposed technique employs the design of interference-canceling matrices, which are calculated from the channels between the transceiver antennas, where the matrices are employed at the base station to help achieve multiplexing and diversity gains simultaneously. The novelty and efficiency of the introduced paradigm is demonstrated via mathematical models and validated by Monte Carlo simulations. Results indicate that the proposed system outperforms conventional MIMO models.

International audience

Co-Channel Interference (CCI) caused by different Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) signalling schemes impact the same or other MIMO schemes in different ways. Due to the symbol-by- symbol processing in a desired Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) link, an interfering Space-Time Block Code (STBC) link may become equivalent to an interfering Spatial Multiplexing (SM) link. Using this knowledge and understanding, we propose an interference cancellation receiver robust to different types of MIMO interferers at cell edge for the Downlink (DL) of cellular systems. The receiver systematically performs a multiple symbol processing: this is the appropriate processing when the signal of interest or the signal of interferer is correlated across symbols, which is the case for STBC transmission. We evaluated different link combinations in terms of Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR) statistics and Bit Error Rate (BER) performance in cellular Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) . We have found that the proposed multiple-symbol linear interference cancellation receiver performs satisfactorily when any kind of single 'logical' stream MIMO scheme is present as interferer.

This study formulated a model for assessing the risk of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) based on variables associated with the spread of COVID-19 infections. The study used the Mamdani fuzzy logic model based on a multiple input and single output (MISO) scheme which required 12 inputs and 1 output variable. Each of the input variables was identified using binary values, namely: No and Yes while the spread of COVID-19 was assessed using four nominal linguistic values. Two triangular membership functions were used to formulate each associated variable and four triangular membership functions to formulate the spread of COVID-19 using specific crisp intervals. The results of the study showed that 4096 rules were inferred from the possible combination of the binary linguistic values of the associated variables for the assessment of the spread of COVID-19. The study concluded that knowledge about variables associated with the spread of COVID-19 infection can be adopted for supporting decision-making which affects the assessment of the spread of COVID-19 by stakeholders.

In this letter, we propose a layered video streaming technique that combines network coding (NC), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), and hierarchical modulation (HM) over cellular relay networks. We provide a performance analysis of different transmission modes of NC and MIMO in terms of the error rate in video layers, which is reflected in the total layered-video quality. The HM is used to differentiate the error rates among video layers. The simulation results show that the NC, the MIMO spatial multiplexing (SM), and the combination of both the NC and MIMO-SM gives video-quality gains of about 1.9dB, 6dB, and 12dB maximally, respectively, compared to the conventional single-input and single-output (SISO) single relay network (SRN) system.

This brief addresses the global stabilization of uncertain single input and single output (SISO) dynamical systems using sliding mode control with multiple delayed partial state feedback. It is shown that using only delayed partial state information, it is possible to stabilize a large class of SISO uncertain dynamical systems. Artificial stabilizing delay is introduced in the partial state feedback to make the reduced-order sliding mode dynamics of a given system asymptotically stable. It is demonstrated that despite the order of dynamical systems, using the information of just three states together with their delayed terms, can asymptotically stabilize the uncertain SISO dynamical system. A numerical example of a ball and wheel system is provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method.

Design, implementation, and testing of a single axis levitation system for the suspension of a platform

This study is devoted to design of the fault estimation adaptive observer. Initial observer is modified with correction filter in order to improve robustness against external disturbance with known spectral structure. Computation of correctors parameters is based on special spectral algorithm of SISO (Single Input and Single Output) H2 optimisation in frequency domain. Novel algorithm is proposed for practical implementation. Its effectiveness is demonstrated with example of successive additive fault estimation during marine ship yaw motion process.

This study proposes a stripe artifact removal method based on robust principal component analysis (RPCA) for millimeter wave (MW) automotive radar images. With the development of MW radar detection technology, there is a demand for installing obstacle detectors on vehicular for safety. From this background, the authors developed squint-mode synthetic aperture radar (SAR) with MW (MW-SAR) as a high-resolution imaging technique. For synthesizing radar images, a back-projection algorithm (BPA) is adopted because of its real-time processing nature with high accuracy. However, SAR images obtained with Single Input and Single Output (SISO) systems are prone to be contaminated by a stripe-shaped artifact and can affect to the obstacle detection performance. Thus, to reduce the structured noise, this paper proposes successive RPCA on the assumption that the stripe artifacts and obstacle reflection are low-rank and sparse, respectively. As a solver, the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is adopted. The main contribution of this work is to initialize the ADMM state by taking account of the similarity of low-rank components between adjacent segments. Through simulations with experimental data, the significance of the proposed method is verified.