National Student Solar Spectrograph Competition overview

The purpose of this study was to collect data on outreach, scholarship, and financial assistance programs of community schools of the arts. The National Guild of Community Schools of the Arts, Inc. requires that organizations seeking full institutional membership offer scholarships and financial assistance programs for students. In addition, outreach program offerings are recommended and encouraged by the National Guild of Community Schools of the Arts, Inc. A questionnaire was mailed to one-hundred member schools of the National Guild of Community Schools of the Arts, Inc. Sixty-four (64%) questionnaires were used in data analysis. The survey instrument was designed to solicit information in the following areas: (1) public and private school outreach programs; (2) early childhood education and day care outreach programs; (3) outreach programs for the handicapped; (4) outreach programs in juvenile detention homes and prisons; (5) ethnic outreach programs; (6) teacher training outreach programs; (7) adult education outreach programs; (8) outreach programs in conjunction with other community agencies; (9) performance programs as community outreach; (10) other outreach programs; (11) general information; and (12) scholarship and financial assistance programs. Results indicated that a majority of schools have outreach offerings in the following areas: adult education programs, performance programs, public and private school programs and early childhood education and day care programs. Of the four areas of instruction--music, dance, drama, and visual arts--music was most frequently offered; piano was the most frequently offered type of music instruction. The data indicated that most schools offer partial scholarships awarded on the bases of financial need and teacher recommendations. Few schools, however, offer special scholarships or financial assistance for the handicapped. Conclusions and recommendations included suggestions that there be ongoing studies of specific outreach, scholarship, and financial assistance program areas; programs in juvenile detention homes and prisons should be increased since offerings in this area have declined, especially during 1983-84.

The 4thInternational Polar Year featured a range of large international research projects and included a focus on Education and Public Outreach (EPO). ANDRILL (the ANtarctic geological DRILLing Project) was a large international (USA, New Zealand, Italy, Germany) multidisciplinary research project investigating the sedimentary record of Cenozoic ice sheet dynamics that brought approximately 160 scientists to McMurdo Station in the 2006 and 2007 field seasons, during which two > 1000 m sediment cores were successfully retrieved from the floor of the Ross Sea. ARISE (ANDRILL Research Immersion for Science Educators), the EPO arm of ANDRILL, deployed an international team of six to eight educators each season to Antarctica and embedded them with science teams. ARISE was unique in the EPO spectrum because it deployed ateamof international educators together with an EPO coordinator, offered an on-ice geoscience course for the educators, and supported educator participation at both pre-ice and post-ice meetings. Conservative estimates indicate that at least 314,700 individuals have been reached directly through the wide range of ARISE EPO endeavours.Educator field research immersion is a small subset of educator professional development (PD) opportunities, with little quantitative or qualitative evaluation of polar immersion experiences having been reported. Here, surveys of ARISE educators and scientists are used to evaluate the efficacy of the ARISE program as PD in the context of research on educator PD. Persistent and recurring themes emerging from the surveys are: (1) the positive and reinforcing impact of deployment as a team; (2) the importance of access to scientists across an extended period of time and venues; (3) the importance of ‘doing science’ as a means of learning; and (4) recognition of the senses of excitement, engagement and inspiration displayed by both educators and scientists − about drilling progress, core interpretation, and outreach plans – and the EPO audience. Key components of the program are shown to be (1) deployment of a multi-educator team; and (2) guidance and support of the EPO coordinator at all phases of the ARISE experience.

Space science public outreach at Louisiana State University

We outline the context and overall philosophy for the combined Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) Education and Public Outreach (E/PO) program, present a brief overview of all SDO E/PO programs along with more detailed highlights of a few key programs, followed by a review of our results to date, conclude a summary of the successes, failures, and lessons learned, which future missions can use as a guide, while incorporating their own content to enhance the public’s knowledge and appreciation of science and technology as well as its benefit to society.

The National Space Biomedical Research Institute's education and public outreach program: Working toward a global 21st century space exploration society

Background:In 2016, our institution developed an outreach education program (OEP) that provides pediatric medical education to hospitals in the region (Pennsylvania, Delaware, New Jersey, and Maryland). The OEP goal was to increase pediatric critical thinking skills in a fully interdisciplinary, non-judgmental, hands-on fashion by providing pediatric education, pediatric mock codes, and debriefings. After noticing a growing need to include a respiratory-focused critical care scenario, respiratory therapists (RTs) were asked to join the OEP to perform respiratory education and pediatric mock codes. RTs began providing education as part of the OEP in 2017. We aimed to evaluate the impact of RT involvement on the program by reviewing number of RTs in attendance at OEP external pediatric mock codes and overall satisfaction of offerings. Methods:RTs began accompanying intensive care physicians to outside facilities for outreach education in 2017. In addition, RTs were involved in scenario planning, education, and debriefing in relation to all OEP activities. The OEP coordinator marketed RT involvement to partner facilities in 2017. The OEP began tracking attendance by discipline in 2018. In 2021, an IRB approved, retrospective review of surveys and data collected from the Nemours OEP was completed. Results:RTs provided mock code simulations with the OEP in 8 different facilities, with over 14 offerings from 2018-2020. Post OEP event survey responses (n = 2,916) indicated that all participants (RNs, RTs, MDs), felt the activity was appropriately challenging, was fit for their level of training, that they would participate in the program again and they plan to incorporate learnings into practice. RT attendance increased 900% from 2018-2019. All offsite, in person, OEP activities were halted as of March 31, 2020 secondary to the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions:RT involvement in the OEP significantly increased RT attendance at educational offerings from 2018 to 2019. There was no statistically significance difference in OEP satisfaction. COVID-19 impacted the number of OEP offerings available in 2020. Virtual education was provided for lectures, but we were unable to successfully complete full pediatric mock-codes in a virtual atmosphere. Further research must be completed to fully understand RT impact in outreach education.Figure 1 shows the attendance and survey response rates from participants, by dsicipline from 2016-2020.

ABSTRACTAquatic invasive species (AIS) are often impossible to eradicate from an ecosystem once breeding populations are established and widely dispersed. After establishment, control programs become one of the only options available to managers. Agencies are using public outreach programs to increase public awareness and prevent new introductions. This study employed the contingent valuation method to quantify boaters’ willingness to pay (WTP) for public outreach programs. On average, Michigan boaters were willing to pay $20.68 per year for AIS-prevention education, and total economic benefits at the population level were calculated at US$16.74 million. From a cost–benefit perspective, WTP benefits far outweigh aggregated federal, state, and nonprofit costs by a wide margin. One-time exposure to AIS education materials and perception of AIS threats did not affect WTP. Long-term program impacts and the economic benefits of resulting behavior change are important areas for future research. Managerial and policy-related implications are also discussed.

The City of Toronto has development a Wet Weather Flow Management Master Plan incorporating a new philosophy in wet weather flow management where rainwater is recognized as a resource. Wet weather flows are to be managed on a watershed basis, and a hierarchical approach to wet weather flow management is to be used, starting with at source, followed by conveyance and finally end-of-pipe control measures. The study area extended across the City of Toronto, encompassing six major watersheds and the waterfront. The Plan development followed the planning principles of Ontario's Environmental Assessment Act and incorporated broad public and agency consultation. A series of 13 objectives was identified and grouped into four major categories: water quality, water quantity, natural areas and wildlife, and sewer system. An innovative approach was used which integrated hydrologic, hydraulic and water quality predictions from land-based, watershed and lake models, respectively, to assess the effectiveness of various strategies. The receiving water response indicated that source controls and conveyance controls were insufficient to achieve the receiving water objectives of the Plan. This was only possible through the implementation of a comprehensive set of measures consisting of: source controls, conveyance controls, end-of-pipe controls, basement flooding protection works, stream restoration works, shoreline management, enhanced municipal operations and an enhanced public education and community outreach program. Overall benefits expected through the Plan include: swimmable waterfront beaches, control of combined sewer overflows in compliance with legislative requirements, basement flooding protection, protection of the City's infrastructure from stream erosion, restoration of degraded local streams and aquatic habitat and the reduction of algal growth along the waterfront, and improved stream water quality in area watercourses. The cost of the Plan over the 25 years is estimated to be $1.047 billion with an additional $233 million in operational and maintenance costs.

Chronic hepatitis B (HBV) is prevalent among Asian immigrants in Canada with high morbidity and mortality rates. While some studies have identified barriers to health care and information access, few have studied the impact of culturally relevant information and addressed challenges with recommendations for effective public education and outreach programs. Culturally tailored HBV education workshops were delivered over a 12-month period to Chinese, Filipino, Korean and Punjabi immigrants in Lower Mainland, British Columbia (BC). Data from pre- and post-workshop surveys and 2-week and 1-month follow-up interviews were collected and analyzed to evaluate knowledge gaps and challenges around HBV prevention and screening. Barriers, health care service gaps and facilitators identified in the interviews were coded and analyzed. Data were collected from 827 workshop participants. Our results show that targeted immigrants in Lower Mainland, BC face many barriers to accessing HBV screening and vaccination. Limited knowledge and awareness of HBV vaccination/prevention/treatment, limited English proficiency and eLiteracy skills, system and provider level barriers to accessing HBV care, and immigration related barriers are among the reported challenges. More than half of participants who took part in the HBV education workshops engaged in actions related to HBV prevention or management. Study findings support the need for culturally tailored HBV public education and outreach programs to further advance HBV immunization and awareness in BC. Addressing barriers and developing targeted programmatic strategies identified in this study will promote more effective HBV education programming and improve uptake of HBV screening and vaccination in BC's immigrant populations.

Foreword

Our sun—The star of classroom activities and public outreach events

The International Heliophysical Year (IHY) in 2007 & 2008 will celebrate the 50th anniversary of the International Geophysical Year (IGY) and, following its tradition of international research collaboration, will focus on the cross-disciplinary studies of universal processes in the heliosphere.The main goal of the IHY Education and Outreach Programme is to create more global access to exemplary resources in space and Earth science education and public outreach. By taking advantage of the IHY organization with representatives in every nation and in the partnership with the United Nations Basic Space Science Initiative (UNBSSI), we aim to promote new international partnerships. Our goal is to assist in increasing the visibility and accessibility of exemplary programmes and in the identification of formal or informal educational products that would be beneficial to improve space and Earth science knowledge in a given country; leaving a legacy of enhanced global access to resources and of world-wide connectivity between those engaged in education and public outreach efforts that are related to IHY science.Here we describe how to participate in the IHY Education and Outreach Programme and the benefits in doing so. Emphasis will be given to the role played by developing countries; not only in selecting useful resources and helping in their translation and adaptation, but also in providing different approaches and techniques in teaching.

This chapter examines the four areas where the interests of the state interact with the life cycle of the shabab. These are sexual development and marriage, the awakening of political consciousness and the start of economic activity, the development of attitudes toward official religious institutions, and the role of educational and public outreach programs. The chapter studies the stories about the transition, as they are told on the radio, the textbook, and the newspaper. It clarifies the political implications of this “mediated” Islam and introduces a religious authority that is based on the creation and use of mass literacy, which eventually destabilizes the relationship between traditional religious elites and the public and secular professionals.

Stanford's Solar Center, Electrical Engineering Department, and local educators have developed inexpensive Space Weather Monitors that students around the world can use to track solar- and lightning-induced changes to the Earth's ionosphere. Through the United Nations Basic Space Science Initiative (UNBSSI) and the International Heliophysical Year (IHY) Education and Public Outreach programme, our Monitors are being deployed to 191 countries. In partnership with Chabot Space and Science Center, we are designing and developing classroom and educator support materials to accompany the distribution. Materials will be culturally sensitive and will be translated into the six official languages of the United Nations (Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish). Monitors will be provided free of charge to developing nations and can be set up anywhere there is access to power.

Nanotechnology in Edible Food Materials (NEFM) raises health concerns and public skepticism, necessitating enhanced regulatory scrutiny and public acceptance strategies. This study delves into the key factors influencing public acceptance of NEFM in China, offering vital insights for strategic policy development to promote NEFM integration. Utilizing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the study analyzed 275 validated responses from Chinese citizens. It reveals that epistemic trust, social trust, and self-efficacy play crucial roles in shaping public attitudes towards NEFM, each through distinct mechanisms. A notable finding is the inverse relationship between epistemic trust and NEFM acceptance, mediated by perceived risks and benefits. This highlights the intricate balance required to address potential negative consequences and uncertainties of NEFM. Public trust in governmental bodies emerges as a significant determinant of NEFM approval, affecting both risk and benefit perceptions, in contrast to the negligible impact of trust in commercial entities. This study also underscores the positive correlation between perceived benefits and NEFM acceptance, suggesting the importance of highlighting tangible NEFM benefits in consumer education and public outreach programs. The study contributes to the theoretical framework by integrating insights from the Social Cognitive Theory and the Theory of Planned Behavior. It provides a comprehensive understanding of factors fostering public acceptance of NEFM, vital for policymakers and stakeholders in developing strategies that enhance public perception and acceptance, thereby fostering the growth and advancement of NEFM in China and beyond.