Natural Science Based Training in Quality Management for Engineering Managers

B a c k g r o u n d . Nowadays, Ukraine's defense and security sector is undergoing fundamental reforms in the procurement of defense products, particularly in the field of quality assurance of such products through the assessment of quality management systems within the framework of Governmental Quality Assurance (GQA) actions. These reforms require both theoretical and methodological justification regarding the directions of such changes and the mechanisms for their implementation. An important issue is the establishment of unified terminology in the field of quality management and management in general, harmonized with the corresponding terminology of EU and NATO member states. The full-scale invasion of russia into Ukraine has brought to the forefront issues related to the implementation of a governmental quality assurance system. The goal of the study is to analyze the Soviet quality control system and compare it with the state quality assurance system, as well as to justify the establishment of modern management systems in Ukraine. M e t h o d s . The study employed methods such as analysis, synthesis, and generalization, through which proposals for establishing a new system for ensuring the quality of defense-related products were developed and substantiated. R e s u l t s . In the course of the research, the state of the quality control system for defense products was analyzed, specifically its organizational structure, regulatory framework, and capacity to ensure product quality under modern conditions. The study also examined the state quality assurance system according to the following components: structure, scope of work, documentation, and training of specialists. Possible mechanisms of interaction between these systems were explored at the level of individual elements. A significant part of the research addressed issues of terminological inconsistency and conceptual frameworks in the field of management and quality management, taking into account the specific characteristics of the defense sector. C o n c l u s i o n s . An institutional approach was applied to analyze the existing quality control system and the state quality assurance system. The main directions for implementing a modern quality assurance system in the defense sector were identified. This system should be based on a risk-oriented approach and the evaluation of quality management processes within enterprises supplying defense-related products.

The article deals with specific features of quality management at Russian enterprises in conditions of intensive import-substitution connected with introduction of economic sanctions against our country. The article briefly studies preconditions of imposing economic sanctions, analyzes specificity of conducting import-substitution in the Russian Federation in recent years, identifies key problems in the field of quality management in respect of importsubstituted products and provides recommendations aimed at raising the efficiency of quality management at Russian enterprises in the current situation. In the field of import-substitution we can observe certain positive trends however we face a lot of problems due to withdrawal from Russia and refusal to cooperate on the part of Western companies, which caused the necessity to re-adjust production processes, to alter supply chains and to build renovated systems of product quality management. Provision of high quality of products is one of the most important objectives in new circumstances, but for this end we shall search for new suppliers of high-quality raw materials and components and we need serious changes in business-processes. Current problems in this field include perception of quality management only from instrumental point of view, insufficient attention to customer needs, the absence of clear-cut understanding of benefits provided by executives’ adherence to philosophy of total quality management, difficulties with introduction of process approach to quality management, the absence at the enterprise of orientation to continuous improvement of quality indicators and so on. When these problems are resolved, we can reach success in the field of quality management.

The aim of this paper is to present and discuss the benefits of online training in quality control and quality management for professionals and managers of small medium enterprises (SMEs). Moreover, this paper is an attempt to understand how this training can contribute to the improvement of SMEs’ activities and the achievement of their business performance objectives. This kind of training includes topics such as managing quality, quality processes, auditing, total quality, ISO standards, fault proofing, an adaptive learning culture and sustainable change management. This work describes the main predicted benefits according to the results of a European project which aimed to create and validate an online platform which was related to the field of quality management to provide effective quality training for SMEs. The international standards covered by this project are: ISO 9001 (quality management systems), ISO 14001 (environmental management systems) and HACCP (hazard analysis and control of the critical points ).

The study entitled The Effect of Quality Management Systems and Training on Employee Performance at PT X highlights the importance of improving the quality of human resources through the implementation of effective quality management systems and training programs to support employee performance. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of quality management systems and training, both partially and simultaneously, on employee performance at PT X. The research method used is a quantitative approach with a survey technique involving 98 respondents. The data collection instrument is a Likert scale questionnaire, which is then analysed using simple and multiple linear regression. The results of the study indicate that the quality management system has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Similarly, training has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Furthermore, these two variables together have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. These findings confirm that the implementation of a good quality management system and effective training programs are important factors in improving employee performance at PT X.

The article compares the semantic content of the term “electron” given in high school courses of Chemistry and Physics. It shows that the information volume of the term “electron” in the Chemistry course is substantially bigger than the volume of the same term in the course of Physics. The article offers recommendations on optimizing the content of the Chemistry course in order to avoid overloading the students.

"Design thinking" (DТ) is an innovative concept for making and implementing new business solutions (products, services, processes), contributing to an increase in their quality according to the expectations and requirements of their users. His methodology involves thorough research and understanding of stakeholders, as well as qualitative changes to the outcome with rapid implementation of corrective actions. "Design thinking" is also a modern tool for achieving innovation through creative co-creation of the final solution by working in teams together with customers. Because of this, this methodology is increasingly used in making management decisions of a different nature, especially in product management – the area in which the goal is to create quality product innovations. In connection with the practical interpretation of the DТ methodology in product management, in making operational management decisions related to innovation and modelling of innovative products, the authors also created a short-term training course program for specialists in the field of standardization and quality management, members on "Club 9000". The purpose of the training is to present the methodology of DТ, its algorithm and the possibilities of its use as an innovative tool in the process of creating new products while minimizing risk. At the same time, it is aimed to support through interactive training the building of practical skills for work, using tools from the specially created Manual for the application of DТ in modelling innovative products in a specific sector (Woodworking and furniture industry).

In today’s dynamic business environment, the pursuit of continuous improvement and sustainable growth encourages organizations to adopt quality management frameworks. ISO 9001 and EFQM are two prominent models in this field. They are widely recognized for their ability to help organizations achieve their quality and excellence goals. This study provides a comprehensive overview of these two fundamental frameworks, examining their practical impacts. Utilizing a systematic literature review methodology, the study conducts a comparative analysis of ISO 9001 and EFQM. The research concludes with significant findings for decision-making processes in the field of quality management. It offers valuable insights for organizations considering the adoption of ISO 9001 or EFQM, serving as a guide for their transition journey.

Purpose This study introduces advancing knowledge in the field of quality management, positioning it as an evolution of traditional quality management practices that is specifically tailored to meet the demands of today's smart systems and the ongoing digital transformation. To further contextualize Quality 6.0 (Q6.0), the study explores its integration within the broader framework of Industry 6.0 (I6.0), an emerging paradigm that transcends the automation and digitalization focus of its predecessors, Industry 4.0 (I4.0) and Industry 5.0 (I5.0). Design/methodology/approach The study applies the Q6.0 framework to the selection of Intelligent Traffic Management Systems (ITMS), a critical component of smart city initiatives aimed at optimizing traffic flow, reducing congestion and enhancing overall urban mobility. Five ITMS alternatives are evaluated and ranked using a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach. Specifically, the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (IF-SWARA) method is employed for criteria weight determination, and the Intuitionistic Fuzzy COmbinative Distance-based ASsessment (IF-CODAS) method is used for ranking the alternatives. Findings The findings highlight the importance of integrating advanced quality management practices into the development and deployment of intelligent systems, particularly in urban infrastructure. Practical implications I6.0 emphasizes human-centered, sustainable and resilient systems that leverage advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, robotics and the Internet of Things (IoT) to create smart, autonomous and adaptive ecosystems. Q6.0 aligns with this vision by incorporating multiple key criteria that reflect the evolving demands of modern quality management. Originality/value By introducing Q6.0 to the academic literature, this study provides a robust framework for future research and practical applications in the era of I4.0 and beyond.

The aim of the paper is to improve the quality management system, in the field of the family business succession process management, with the application of TRIZ contradiction modelling. In this work, the authors focus on cognitive activity in contradictions modelling, which is the basis for the first two stages of ARIZ85C, i.e., analysing the problem and analysing the problem model. The application of TRIZ contradiction modelling in the field of quality management is discussed. The selected methods of the acquisition of contradictions are analysed. To identify the contradictions in management systems the method which facilitate the implication of quantitative approach using Grey Incidence Analysis is developed. As a result, the information about the system components and their interactions, functions, contradictions and about the degree of grey incidence between the system components and the system as a whole is obtained. The proposed concept of contradiction modelling is applied and tested in selected family enterprise.

Comparative study of the Causal Matrix and Causal Determinant

To examine influence of total quality management on perceived quality services, to identify how training and knowledge sharing impact as moderating variables and mediated by organizational culture. Non-probability convenience sampling strategy was utilized for sampling. Cross sectional study design for data collection from doctors, nurses, administrative employees and others of tertiary care hospital in Karachi. It was determined that positive outcomes of TQM in SQ in the Pakistani health sector with the aid of OC mediation demonstrate that if businesses successfully adopt TQM practices, it will improve SQ score even in private hospitals. while top-management commitment and support from the government are essential for achieving ambitious objectives. In our research, the private sector's moderation effects based on training in quality management are excellent, though knowledge sharing may serve us less in both sectors. The research can be used to understanding how specialist training projects in public and private hospitals can promote TQM adoption can be influenced by dedicated training programs in public and private hospitals.

:This research article provides valuable insights for practicing engineering managers on improving a firm's performance by applying a knowledge management (KM) based approach to quality management (QM). Traditional quality management systems do not provide sufficient knowledge management and knowledge creation opportunities for manufacturing firms to stay competitive in today's fast paced, unpredictable, complex, and rapidly changing global business environment. The world's body of knowledge does not include a quality management strategy where KM is integrated in QM, and where the effectiveness of such a KM/QM strategy is determined through quantitative empirical research over a defined time frame, thus omitting important performance improvement opportunities for manufacturing firms. The objective in addressing this research topic is to present a KM/QM strategy and to demonstrate its effectiveness. Engineering management areas, such as knowledge management and quality management, are leveraged throughout this research. Systems engineering aspects, such as operational efficiency improvement and system performance, are leveraged by integrating knowledge management and quality management to form an enhanced quality management system. The research demonstrates that a company with a KM/QM strategy is more effective than a company which does not have a KM/QM strategy, that the implementation of a KM/QM strategy contributes to product quality improvements over KM/QM strategy application time, and presents a framework that can be applied by practicing engineering managers.

This study reviews a leading South African University delivering Engineering Managers in Africa, with students from South Africa, Africa and the globe. This research facilitates a review of skills development via teaching and learning for Engineering Management. This paper provides an African, Universities 21, and ASEM comparative. The current trend in industry is for engineers to be promotion to managers. Experience is a cause for succession. In this study, the modules offered at the University of Johannesburg is the baseline, with which to test/align the review of Engineering Management delivery methods offered globally. This research used a Python code as an engine to automatically gather global data. The results indicate the curriculum at the University of Johannesburg to be relevant and in line with the worlds' best Engineering Management universities.

Engineers who become managers must acquire essential knowledge about management to be successful. Major aerospace projects are complex organizations with three or four levels of management, and often have over a hundred cost account managers. Management skills are critical to the planning and implementation of these projects, especially in today's cost-conscious world. Aerospace organizations must address the gaps between excellent engineering educations and excellent knowledge about engineering management if they hope to succeed with major aerospace projects. Essential engineering management knowledge includes how to: plan work, estimate cost, prepare schedules, manage performance under normal circumstances, manage performance under adverse circumstances, and handle people. While some engineering students learn about cost estimation in their university education, many do not. Few engineering students get significant training on the other management skills mentioned above. However, the best and brightest engineers often become cost account managers within several years after they graduate, and many of these move on to higher levels of management within several more years. Their management skills, or lack thereof, lead directly to the success or failure of complex aerospace projects. There are at least four approaches for developing engineering managers: (1) let them watch other managers perform on real jobs; (2) active mentoring; (3) self-directed study of books and journal articles on management; (4) formal training sponsored by the employer. Formal training is the foundation for sound development of engineering managers. All of the other approaches can be helpful, but are seriously undermined if formal training is absent or otherwise inadequate. Bad habits and inconsistent practices can be learned, until the organization gets itself into serious trouble. This paper describes successful practices at JPL in developing engineering managers through formal training. The author has been engaged in project and proposal work for over thirty years at JPL, and in formal training over the last ten years. Over the last decade he has addressed the needs of approximately 1,500 students.

As world leaders around the globe navigate around the global financial crisis (GFC) and climate change agendas, aspiring engineering and engineering educators must rethink the enabling pathways for the personal, professional and educational development of professional engineering managers. A call for reform has exhibited in the early 21st century in form of numerous reports and literature around the globe. However, a revisit may now be required to ensure that the recommendations remain valid in the education of the next generation of engineering managers. The paper looks to the latest literature to review the findings of those pre GFC reports and highlights some of the existing engineering management and leadership programs around the world. It comments on the adequacy of those programs post GFC and provides a clearer picture of the key components and pathways of an aspiring engineering manager's learning journey. The issues that educators need address within course and program design are identified and discussed.