Neighborhood watch

Since the electric generating, distributing and marketing has been possible; the Electric Meter was introduced and developed along the years, but never like this time. The digital technology, the wireless communication, and the computer systems have dramatically changed the Electric meter generation from Traditional Meter to Automatic Meter and now to Smart Meter. Their differences lie in how to collect and process information, and the amount of information they can provide. Even so the traditional meter reading has been long used, and it is still one of the most common ways for meter reading. This method, however, has their disadvantages which are the result of human basis reading method that uses. If the reading problem is solved by adding a simple circuit, which makes it automatic it will be still useful method of reading. In this paper it is described a prototype for Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) system that uses a Traditional meter, ZigBee modules, and Mesh network. As result the system gives, full capability of automatic meter even some features of smart meter too. This experiment has an important result for developing country like Ethiopia, which almost 99% its meters are the Traditional meters.

Recent advances in intelligent water meter technology have improved the quantitative monitoring in water supply and distribution. Smart meters using Automated Meter Reading (AMR) technology allowed water utilities to: i) provide clear consumption patterns which can help customers to track and control their water usage and ii) improve active leakage targeting and leak detection capability. This paper presents a feedback about the use of AMR system to detect leakage in a large-scale demonstration site, which is conducted at the Scientific Campus of the University of Lille, which is representative to a small town. This paper presents the demonstration site as well as its monitoring using AMR and how the recorded data allowed a rapid detection of water leakage in the campus.

KWH meter system of Automatic Meter Reading or hereafter will be referred to the kWH meter AMR is a recording system of electric energy meter is done automatically and remotely.Communication data sent by the kWH meter AMR of PT PLN (Persero) Jakarta and Tangerang Distribution using SMS modem which interfacing kWHmeterselectronic withwireless telecommunications networks. kWH meter AMR have features other than noting the energy used, also noting the voltage, electric current, power factor(cos ϕ), and as well as the use of electricity meters in record-keeping more quickly. Thus the PT PLN (Persero) Distribution can perform distribution network management (DNM) that makes it easier in terms of channeling energy into customers and monitoring the electric energy usage by customers. The results of the analysis of kWh meter AMR system can reduce losses caused by abnormalities in the distribution network system. SMS telemetry signal communication with the modem is unstable and often fail withdrawal data. To overcome the problem of the use of the old modem, the modem needs to be replaced with GPRS / LTE user ready. However, the use of power line communication (PLC) as a data transmission network to reduce reliance on mobile telecommunications networks.

With the substantial increase in implementation of green technology across all sectors worldwide to overcome energy loss, attributes such as reliability, efficiency, productivity, and security become very crucial for a system. Especially with the integration of IoT and smart features into a system alongside the evolution of Internet, cybersecurity and privacy of an individual component should be taken into important consideration. A smart grid comprises wireless network components exposed to cyber-attacks, smart meters being one the most vulnerable part of an advanced metering infrastructure. An advanced metering infrastructure enables two-way communication for automatic meter readings (AMR) and transmits data through wireless network. To counter cyber-attacks afflicting the network of AMI and functioning of a smart meter, additional intrusion detection methods are implemented into the grid network. The review includes cybersecurity concerns associated with smart meters along with an in-depth insight to some major cyber-attacks and their aftermath.KeywordsCybersecurityCyber-attacks advanced metering infrastructure (AMI)Smart metersDenial-of-service (DoS)False data injection (FDI)Man-in-the-middle (MitM)

To improve the efficiency and accuracy of metering, automatic meter reading (AMR) system has been discussed and used for a long time. AMR is the technology of automatically collecting data from water meter or energy metering devices (water, gas, electricity) and transferring the data to a central database for billing and/or analyzing. This means that billing can be based on actual consumption rather than an estimate based on previous consumption, giving customers a better control of their use of electric energy, gas usage, or water consumption. In this paper, a ZigBee AMR system called beeline of metering (BeMe) is described.

The energy policies and environmental issues require novel solutions to generate electricity in a challenging and efficient way. The sustainable and reliable grid operations are related to demand management as well as generation. One of the most important requirements to build smarter grids is including smart metering to the power system. The smart grid is not only considered to provide essential energy infrastructure but also a key concept to increase the energy efficiency owing to control and management opportunities brought by communication features. The prominent technologies of smart meters enable operational equipment on the distribution network in addition to conventional metering operations. The load management approach that is defined with several terms as demand side management, demand side response, or demand control is required for the systematic management of loads on distribution networks. There is a wide variety of smart meters and operation structures are available in industry. The automatic meter reading (AMR) and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) are the most widely known smart metering infrastructure. Although they are similar in many aspects, they differ in communication and metering processes. The network structures and gateway organisations used in smart metering will also be discussed in this presentation. Another outstanding device that is being widely integrated into the transmission and distribution networks is Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). Although the PMUs are operated in wide networks of transmission lines, it is considered that they will be required to be used in medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV) in a short while. The contents of this presentation will cover the topics summarized above and their industrial and scientific application examples.

The trends and technologies in power systems are rapidly changing. As part of conversion to Smart Grid, there is an increased demand for an efficient and reliable Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) system especially in domestic consumers. Smart energy meters are widely employed in developed countries where there are Smart grids. The immediate transition to smart meters generates huge financial investments for developing countries like India. In order to minimize this initial investment as well as the E-wastes, it is possible to upgrade the functionality of the existing digital meter by incorporating an additional circuitry. This paper presents the design of an energy meter suitable for our traditional power grids, and its associated web interface based on cloud storage, for automating billing and managing the collected data. Here the proposed design converts the conventional digital electronic energy meters into AMRs, capable of communicating with the utility and the consumers. A Long Range (LoRa) WiFi-based wireless communication module is integrated with an electronic energy meter through a gateway and Raspberry pi module. An optocoupler is used to fetch the meter readings from the pulses of LEDs of the energy meter. A LoRa receiver at the other end, with a cloud database, acts as the billing point. The cloud storage used is Firebase. A responsive, user-friendly graphical user interface has developed for monitoring the consumption. With proper authentication, users can access the developed web page from anywhere in the world. The total energy consumption and the due bill of the customers can be obtained from this webpage. The consumers can also set their consumption limits and thereby reduce their overall energy consumption for energy management. The proposed system neglects the regular digital metering system and allows remote access to the electronic meter.

The losses in distribution networks have always been key elements in predicting investment, planning work, evaluating the efficiency and effectiveness of a network. This paper elaborates on the use of fuzzy logic systems in analyzing the data from a particular substation area predicting losses in the low voltage network. The data collected from the field were obtained from the Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) and Automatic Meter Management (AMM) systems. The AMR system is fully implemented in EPHZHB and integrated within the network infrastructure at secondary level substations 35/10kV and 10(20)/0.4 kV. The AMM system is partially implemented in the areas of electrical energy consumers; precisely, in accounting meters. Daily information gathered from these systems is of great value for the calculation of technical and non-technical losses. Fuzzy logic in combination with the Artificial Neural Networks implemented via the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is used. Finally, FIS Sugeno, FIS Mamdani and ANFIS are compared with the measured data from smart meters and presented with their errors and graphs.

It is desired to enhance traditional mechanical water meters with automatic meter reading (AMR) in the era of Internet of Things (IoT), In this paper, we propose and implement an add-on module using optical character recognition (OCR) to achieve that. The proposed module will be attached to a conventional mechanical water meter, capture and translate the register readings into plain text, which can be sent wirelessly to a database server. In addition, we propose a novel light-weight optical character recognition algorithm and test it in a prototype with embedded digital system. Experimental results show that the recognition accuracy can be as high as 98.1%, which indicates a promising candidate technology for AMR to revolutionise water meters. Finally, this technique can be applied to other mechanical meters with analogue number displays, paving the way for ubiquitous IoT.

TEPCO (Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc.) has been researching several AMR (automatic meter reading) systems and introduced LV AMR system using telephone lines as a trunk line and LV power lines as a branch line among approximately 3000 customers at mountainous areas, where the electric power demand density is low and the meter reading efficiency is poor on account of no access other than on foot. During several years of commercial operation, we sometimes encountered an unavailability of reading the metering data due to the disconnection of telephone line, change in customer's telephone number, etc. To solve these communication problems at a low cost and improve the automatic metering efficiency, we are developing a new LV AMR system with the regular communication route backed up by another telephone line and low voltage power line. This paper describes the features and performance of a conventional and newly developed AMR system.

Driven by the information age, a paradigm shift is starting to occur in the urban water planning and management field, mainly due to the introduction of advanced metering and communications technologies. This chapter explores the potential role of intelligent water metering systems, and the smart application of resultant data sets for the future of water planning and management in the built environment. Intelligent water meters essentially perform three functions; they automatically and electronically capture, collect and communicate up-to-date water usage readings on a real-time (or nearly real-time) basis. To translate this data into useful information, a comprehensive intelligent water metering system is required, which integrates high-resolution metering (e.g., 0.01?l; 5?sec), communication technologies (e.g., GPRS) and information management systems, in order to provide real-time information on how, when and where water is being consumed for the customer and water business. This chapter seeks to promote the uptake and application of intelligent water metering systems by examining the benefits and drivers of, and barriers to, intelligent metering. Specifically, it presents applicable examples of where intelligent metering systems can significantly enhance current activities in terms of citywide urban planning, infrastructure planning, water demand management and customer satisfaction.

Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) as the power utility company have to deliver good services to their customers. Metering method is one of the problems that TNB have to overcome. Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) technology has proved effective in reading meter readings with TNB's large customers (LPC, Large Power Customers). Global System for Mobile communication-based (GSM) AMR technology is used. Here GSM module is attached to each LPC's meter, and data reading can be done automatically without visiting the customer's sites. The same way can be done with their domestic customers (OPC, Ordinary Power Customers), but the cost would be quite high since the numbers of OPC quite big. In this paper we described the AMR technology with least cost. The system is a combination of ZigBee and GSM technology. In this propose system, ZigBee module will be attached to the meter by using interface board and the data collector will be connected to the central computer by using GSM. The system is suitable with Malaysian environment which was already implemented GSM-based AMR in LPC. With this system TNB can save cost in doing meter reading and provide better services to their customers.

The innovation of e-metering (Electronic Metering) has experienced fast mechanical progressions and there is expanded interest in a solid and effective Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) framework. GSM Based shrewd vitality meter perusing framework replaces conventional meter perusing techniques. It empowers remote access to the existing vitality meter by the vitality provider. A GSM-based remote correspondence module is incorporated with the electronic vitality meter of every element to have remote access to the utilization of power. A PC with a GSM recipient at the opposite end, which contains the database goes about as the charging point. Live meter perusing from the GSM-empowered vitality meter is sent back to this charging point intermittently and these subtle elements are refreshed in a focal database. The total month-to-month utilization and the due bill are informed back to the client after handling this information. So, GSM-based remote AMR framework is a more successful approach for a traditional charging framework. This framework additionally gives specialists to power organizations to take activities against tolerant clients who have a remarkable contribution; generally, the organization has the ideal to detach the power supply, and it can reconnect the control supply after the affidavit of duty. So, we thought about building such an automatic system. This research is GSM-Based on a smart energy meter reading system to eliminate the conventional way of the reading system. In this paper, the GSM module sends reading information through SMS to the related Authority. There are no chances of any unethical mistake by using this modern technique.

Smart water meters at household connections are being installed in large numbers throughout the world due to the benefits they are expected to bring to the water utilities and water consumers. Smart metering provides high‐resolution readings and promises benefits to the water utilities, such as demand forecasting, regulating time‐of‐use watering, and making intelligent operation and planning decisions. For the consumers, smart metering promises improved billing and demand reduction by providing detailed and timely information about their water use and early notification of possible water leaks in their premises. However, the fine‐grained information collected by smart meters raises growing concerns of privacy invasion due to personal behavior exposure (private activity, daily routine, etc.). Nevertheless, there is no readily available technology for protecting water consumers from revealing their in‐home private activities. Thus, a viable argument in favor of smart metering technologies will not be possible without proactively accounting for the associated privacy challenges. Here, we present a practical technology coupling a dedicated apparatus with a control model for increasing personal privacy. We quantify the level of privacy achieved using information‐theoretic criterion and an empirically based occupancy detection method between the smart meter readings and actual water use. Furthermore, we evaluate and compare privacy protection using the best effort approach previously developed for masking activities revealed from smart electricity meters. The main results reveal that simple control actions can disguise personal behavior patterns and, thus, hedge against privacy breach in smart water meters. Furthermore, we quantify the trade‐off between the size of the apparatus and the level of privacy protection it provides. Our results demonstrate how “privacy friendly” smart water metering technology could be implemented in real‐life systems and reduce the privacy concerns of water consumers.

In recent years many engineers and companies have been working on automatic meter reading (AMR), and different media, such as radio, telephone lines, and power lines, have been used for this purpose. Nowadays, GSM network, with its vast coverage in most countries, and also its competitive ever-growing market, is becoming popular as the main medium for the machine-to-machine applications, and AMR is not an exception. At present, using GSM, as the medium of AMR, is not cost-effective for domestic meters; however, it is economical for commercial and industrial (C&I) meters. This paper portrays prominent features of a project, recently accomplished at Niroo Research Institute (NRI), which uses GSM/SMS as the medium of AMR. The system has been designed for C&I meters.