Network Impact of Dynamic Traffic Management Measures

Coordination Concepts for Ramp Metering Control in a Freeway Network

Traditionally, traffic problems are treated in isolation in terms of location of the problem and the kind of problem. However, there is a strong correlation between these problems, so clearly solving a traffic problem at one location may result in other problems at other locations. Congestion problems on the main network can, for example, lead to “rat-running” (through-traffic using the secondary road network avoiding these congestion problems) causing liveability problems. Therefore, measures to alleviate traffic problems are nowadays increasingly focussed on the network level. In addition, solutions are sought for the optimization of traffic systems and less emphasis is placed on expanding the infrastructure of the system mainly because of financial considerations and space limitations. This optimization can be achieved using traffic management measures. Traditionally, this type of optimization is focussed on improving accessibility, given particular boundary conditions for traffic safety and liveability (set by law).

In view of the fact that the road capacity drops obviously near the lane reduction bottleneck, we propose two traffic cellular automata models around the merging point under two different traffic management measures. One is the control scheme of first-arrive and first-in, the other is the periodic control scheme. Using the open boundary condition, the numerical simulations are performed. The flux, density distribution and the evolution time from congested state to free state under different entering probability, deceleration zone length and periods are obtained. The comparisons indicate that whether the traffic management measures are chosen properly or not is closely related to entering probability, deceleration zone length and period. These conclusions have a significant reference value for the reduction of traffic jams near the bottlenecks.

Study on the network acoustics environment effects of traffic management measures by a bilevel programming model

PurposeIn order to explore the effect of curb parking on dynamic traffic and formulate some reasonable and effective traffic management measures, the effects on capacity and traffic safety are studied.MethodsFour road segments with curb parking were selected as the investigation location. Several traffic characteristics and parameters were then investigated and counted, including traffic flow volume, speed, headway and traffic conflict. Based on a reduction of lane effective width and the Gap Acceptance Theory, two effect models describing curb parking and road capacity were constructed. Considering the factors involved in motor vehicle conflicts (such as non-motor vehicle lane distribution and stopping sight distance), the effects of curb parking on both motor vehicle and non-motor vehicle traffic safety was analyzed, as well as pedestrian crossing safety. This case study analyzes both the capacity and traffic safety of all four investigation segments.ResultsResults show that the lane effective width of road segment with curb parking significantly influences the road capacity and impacts the traffic flow volumes of the parking lane and its adjacent lane.ConclusionsCurb parking significantly effects traffic operation safety; however, it can be improved by implementing traffic safety management measures.

As a criterion of intelligent transport systems (ITS) effectiveness, it is proposed to use the assessment of a road traffic management (RTM) measures impact on the population health living near the highway. ITS are designed, among other things, for regulating traffic in automatic mode. To build mathematical models of this regulation impact on the automobile traffic output indicators, various subroutines are needed to determine the desired dependencies. One of the most important indicators of automobile traffic is the degree of its impact on the environment and public health. In this article, using the example of several most typical scenarios of traffic regulation, the degree of automobile traffic influence on the public health risk indicators is shown. Provides environmental assessment of such RTM measures, as the traffic congestion elimination, the narrowing car roadway with the vacant lanes for non-motorized transport (NMT) movement organization, the ban on heavy cars movement, the ban on the movement of vehicles low then a third ecological class on this street section. For this purpose, based on the assessment of gross pollutant emissions by the traffic flow with the specified traffic characteristics and composition, determined using ITS, the average annual surface concentrations of pollutants on adjacent territory and the population health risks are determined. It was found that the greatest environmental effect is caused by measures to organize the NMT movement and the ban on a movement of low environmental classes vehicles.

Variable speed limits in the link transmission model using an information propagation method

Why standard modelling and evaluation procedures are inadequate for assessing traffic congestion measures

Improving traffic management through consideration of uncertainty and stochastics in traffic flow

Dynamic air traffic flow management (DATFM) aims at flexibly balancing air traffic demand with limited airspace by scheduling aircraft, particularly during unforeseen events, to maintain efficiency in aviation operations. Genetic programming (GP) has shown success in evolving effective heuristics across various domains. However, directly adopting GP to DATFM may be less effective due to the computationally intense simulations required for large-scale aircraft decision-making over broad airspace. To address the issue, we develop a novel multifidelity surrogate-assisted GP. The core idea is that if a computationally efficient low-fidelity surrogate provides enough information to guide the population toward promising areas effectively, then employing more accurate but resource-intensive evaluations would only increase computational effort without enhancing the direction of evolution. A key innovation in our method is a surrogate management strategy that automatically determines when and which surrogate model to use, based on collective information from the evolving population. This approach allows for more effective management of computational resources during the evolutionary process, enabling exploration of a broader range of the heuristic space and increasing the likelihood of identifying promising solutions. The proposed method has been tested on various benchmark instances derived from actual air traffic data. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms current state-of-the-art methods in both effectiveness and efficiency.

Presents EURO-SCOUT as a dynamic route guidance and traffic management system in Germany. Covers the following areas: the system architecture, Advanced Transport Telematics (ATT)-DRIVE II field trials, implementation of traffic guidance systems in Germany including collective systems such as variable traffic signs, ARI and RDS/TMC, and individual systems such as EURO-SCOUT

Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS) enable vehicles' communication with each other (Vehicle-to-Vehicle, V2V) and with roadside infrastructure (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure, V2I). In the context of traffic efficiency C-ITS technologies could assist through data exchange, improving traffic control and traffic management implementation. Coordinated provision of C-ITS services refers to the provision of several C-ITS services as one combined service. The purpose is to harvest the usability of C-ITS services by developing a strategy for the operation and exploitation of services in real-time and within varying geographical areas. Two different dimensions of the coordinated provision of C-ITS services have been recognized covering: 1) the drivers, and 2) the road network operators and managers. The present paper deals with the road network operators and managers dimension, the objective of which is the integration and coordinated provision of C-ITS services in operational dynamic traffic management.

Dynamic traffic management plays an essential role within the Dutch national traffic and transport policy. To continue the contribution to the implementation of this policy, it is necessary that the dynamic traffic management is further developed and implemented. A pro-active and network-wide approach to traffic management is envisaged to replace the more reactive and locally oriented approach currently being taken. The Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management has defined a framework, the traffic control architecture, as part of the national Architecture for Traffic Management. We present the traffic control architecture for which we focus on the role of a so called frame of reference in this architecture. The developed frames of reference is presented and the experiences of the application discussed.

Traffic control policies aim at reducing the negative externalities that ever-growing demand is causing on transportation networks, such as congestion and pollutant emissions. To achieve these goals, strategies coordinating and aligning the effects of several individual traffic controllers have received increasing attention in research and development in the past decades. However, a considerable gap still exists between the desired and experienced performance of advanced dynamic traffic management systems, resulting in failure to completely prevent the increasing peak-hour congestion in main urban areas worldwide. In this work we contribute to assessing whether this gap might be tied to inefficient network design, rather than algorithmic prowess. Based upon our earlier work, we investigate whether a trend can be found between determining locations of controllers in a network following control theoretical insights, and try to confirm our earlier intuitions when dealing with dynamic traffic assignment, featuring accurate propagation and spillback dynamics. To achieve these goals, we extend an existing synthetic network generation tool to allow us to test this hypothesis on real-life-like road networks, and extend our previously developed algorithms for the controller location problems allowing for sufficient generalization. Test results are presented on a simpler deterministic scenario and on 240 randomly generated networks, showcasing that placing controllers following controllability-based principles is advantageous from the perspective of model-based dynamic traffic management applications.

Exposure to pedestrian crash based on household survey data: Effect of trip purpose