Non-abelian Quantum Statistics on Graphs

This chapter describes a general group-theoretical property enjoyed by fundamental groups of compact Kahler manifolds. In general, the condition that an infinitesimal deformation be tangent to an analytic path is equivalent to the existence of a formal power series deformation with the infinitesimal deformation as its leading term. If a k-jet of a deformation exists, the condition that this k-jet of a deformation extend to a -jet of a deformation is given by the vanishing of a certain cohomology class, which depends on the previous k terms of the series. The chapter discusses the Lemma C is proved, the canonical isomorphisms between de Rham cohomology and Eilenberg-MacLane cohomology, Theorem A is reduced to Theorem D. The proofs of Theorems A and C involve the harmonic theory of M with coefficients in a flat vector bundle. The flat vector bundle we shall need is the complexification of the flat vector bundle ad P, denote this flat complex vector bundle by E.

This article is devoted to a study of flat orbifold vector bundles. We construct a bijection between the isomorphic classes of proper flat orbifold vector bundles and the equivalence classes of representations of the orbifold fundamental groups of base orbifolds. We establish a Bismut-Zhang like anomaly formula for the Ray-Singer metric on the determine line of the cohomology of a compact orbifold with coefficients in an orbifold flat vector bundle. We show that the analytic torsion of an acyclic unitary flat orbifold vector bundle is equal to the value at zero of a dynamical zeta function when the underlying orbifold is a compact locally symmetric space of the reductive type, which extends one of the results obtained by the first author for compact locally symmetric manifolds.

A flat complex vector bundle (E,D) on a compact Riemannian manifold (X,g) is stable (resp. polystable) in the sense of Corlette [C] if it has no D -invariant subbundle (resp. if it is the D -invariant direct sum of stable subbundles). It has been shown in [C] that the polystability of (E,D) in this sense is equivalent to the existence of a so-called harmonic metric in E . In this paper we consider flat complex vector bundles on compact Hermitian manifolds (X,g) . We propose new notions of g -(poly-)stability of such bundles, and of g -Einstein metrics in them; these notions coincide with (poly-)stability and harmonicity in the sense of Corlette if g is a Kähler metric, but are different in general. Our main result is that the g -polystability in our sense is equivalent to the existence of a g -Hermitian-Einstein metric. Our notion of a g -Einstein metric in a flat bundle is motivated by a correspondence between flat bundles and Higgs bundles over compact surfaces, analogous to the correspondence in the case of Kähler manifolds [S1], [S2], [S3].

We summarize the global geometric formulation of Einstein-Scalar-Maxwell theories twisted by flat symplectic vector bundle which encodes the duality structure of the theory. We describe the scalar-electromagnetic symmetry group of such models, which consists of flat unbased symplectic automorphisms of the flat symplectic vector bundle lifting those isometries of the scalar manifold which preserve the scalar potential. The Dirac quantization condition for such models involves a local system of integral symplectic spaces, giving rise to a bundle of polarized Abelian varieties equipped with a symplectic flat connection, which is defined over the scalar manifold of the theory. Generalized Einstein-Scalar-Maxwell models arise as the bosonic sector of the effective theory of string/M-theory compactifications to four-dimensions, and they are characterized by having non-trivial solutions of "U-fold" type.

Developing quantum systems which are robust against noise are of prime importance to the realisation of quantum technologies. Without fault tolerance, we will never be able to preserve delicate quantum states for macroscopic time scales, a necessary requirement in the construction of scalable quantum computer. Topologically ordered models offer very beautiful mechanisms for preserving quantum states. In such models, quantum information is encoded globally over a degenerate topological Hilbert space which offers a natural robustness against local environmental noise. Remarkably, topological order is present in certain realistic condensed-matter systems. This provides a platform for accessing topological order in a laboratory. Moreover, considering condensed-matter systems enables us to combine topological features with other physical effects to enhance their behaviour. In this Thesis we study the physics of topologically ordered lattice models with defects. We seek practical applications of lattice defects for the realisation of a fault-tolerant quantum computer. The first result we present shows that anyonic data of point-like lattice defects, called twists, can be found by measuring the entanglement of the ground state of the host system. The data we learn relates to the capacity of a twist defect to perform quantum computational tasks. The second result in this Thesis concerns the dynamics of the qudit toric code model with line-like defects coupled to a thermal bath. We show we can entropically inspire fragile glassy dynamics in the system. Such dynamics qualitatively improve the coherence times of quantum information encoded in the ground state of the lattice. A novel way of achieving fault-tolerant quantum computation is by producing and manipulating twist defects of topologically ordered systems. In many ways, this paradigm of topological quantum computation is analogous to quantum computation using anyons. The first area of study in this Thesis extends the analogy between anyons and twists. Specifically, we show that the anyonic data of twists in Kitaev’s toric code model can be extracted

Petri net is said to be elementary if every place can contain no more than one token. In this paper, it is studied topological properties of the elementary Petri net for a pipeline consisting of n functional devices. If the work of the functional devices is considered continuous, we can come to some topological space of “intermediate” states. In the paper, it is calculated the homology groups of this topological space. By induction on n, using the Addition Sequence for homology groups of semicubical sets, it is proved that in dimension 0 and 1 the integer homology groups of these nets are equal to the group of integers, and in the remaining dimensions are zero. Directed homology groups are studied. A connection of these groups with deadlocks and newsletters is found. This helps to prove that all directed homology groups of the pipeline elementary Petri nets are zeroth.

Quantum teleportation is one of the most basic quantum protocols, which transfers an unknown quantum state from one location to another through local operation and classical communication by using shared quantum entanglement without physical transfer of the information carrier. And it has been widely used in various quantum information protocols such as entanglement swapping, quantum repeaters, quantum gate teleportation, quantum computation based on measurement, and quantum teleportation networks, which have important application value in quantum computation and quantum information. Quantum teleportation is a naturally bipartite process, in which an unknown quantum state can only be transmitted from one node to another. With the further development of quantum information research, it is necessary to transfer quantum states or quantum information among more and more nodes. Multipartite quantum protocols are expected to form fundamental components for larger-scale quantum communication and computation. A bipartite quantum teleportation should be extended to a multipartite protocol known as a quantum teleportation network. In this paper, a multifunctional quantum teleportation network is proposed theoretically. We first propose a special method of constructing four-partite quantum resources in continuous variables (CVs), and based on this, construct two different types of CV quantum teleportation networks. One type of network contains just one quantum teleportation process consisting of a sender, a receiver and two controllers. In this type of network, the unknown quantum state can be recovered at any other node according to the requirement after the measurement in the input node, which enriches the transfer direction and transfer mode of the unknown quantum state. And meanwhile, the two controllers can control the transfer of a quantum state from the sender to the receiver by restricting the sender and receiver’s access to their information, which makes the quantum teleportation network controllable. The other type of network has two quantum teleportation processes, each containing only a sender, a receiver and no controllers, which increases the number of quantum states that can be transmitted. Then we analyze the dependence of the fidelity of each quantum teleportation network on different physical parameters, and compare the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages among different types of quantum teleportation networks. The scheme for constructing a multifunctional quantum teleportation network in this paper shows some advantages, such as the greater number of quantum nodes, diversity of types, simple operation procedure. And all these advantages provide a broader application prospect for establishing larger and more complex quantum information networks in the future and quicken the pace of the application of quantum information.

A Busy March Meeting Is Brewing in Seattle

The Partition Function for Topological Field Theories

The direct image of a flat fibration with complex fibers

We present a new proof, as well as a C/Q extension (and also certain C/Z extension), of the Riemann–Roch–Grothendieck theorem of Bismut–Lott for flat vector bundles. The main techniques used are the computations of the adiabatic limits of η-invariants associated to the so-called sub-signature operators. We further show that the Bismut–Lott analytic torsion form can be derived naturally from transgressions of η-forms appearing in the adiabatic limit computations.

<p>TDA mapper is an algorithm used to visualize and analyze big data. TDA mapper is applied to a dataset, X, equipped with a filter function f from X to R. The output of the algorithm is an abstract graph (or simplicial complex). The abstract graph captures topological and geometric information of the underlying space of X.</p><p>One of the interests in TDA mapper is to study whether or not a mapper graph is stable. That is, if a dataset X is perturbed by a small value, and denote the perturbed dataset by X∂, we would like to compare the TDA mapper graph of X to the TDA mapper graph of X∂. Given a topological space X, if the cover of the image of f satisfies certain conditions, Tamal Dey, Facundo Memoli, and Yusu Wang proved that the TDA mapper is stable. That is, the mapper graph of X differs from the mapper graph of X∂ by a small value measured via homology.</p><p>The goal of this thesis is three-fold. The first is to introduce a modified TDA mapper algorithm. The fundamental difference between TDA mapper and the modified version is the modified version avoids the use of filter function. In comparing the mapper graph outputs, the proposed modified mapper is shown to capture more geometric and topological features. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the modified mapper.</p><p>Tamal Dey, Facundo Memoli, and Yusu Wang showed that a filtration of covers induce a filtration of simplicial complexes, which in turn induces a filtration of homology groups. While Tamal Dey, Facundo Memoli, and Yusu Wang focused on TDA mapper's application to topological space, the second goal of this thesis is to show DBSCAN clustering gives a filtration of covers when TDA mapper is applied to a point cloud. Hence, DBSCAN gives a filtration of mapper graphs (simplicial complexes) and homology groups. More importantly, DBSCAN gives a filtration of covers, mapper graphs, and homology groups in three parameter directions: bin size, epsilon, and Minpts. Hence, there is a multi-dimensional filtration of covers, mapper graphs, and homology groups. We also note that single-linkage clustering is a special case of DBSCAN clustering, so the results proved to be true when DBSCAN is used are also true when single-linkage is used. However, complete-linkage does not give a filtration of covers in the direction of bin, hence no filtration of simpicial complexes and homology groups exist when complete-linkage is applied to cluster a dataset. In general, the results hold for any clustering algorithm that gives a filtration of covers.</p><p>The third (and last) goal of this thesis is to prove that two multi-dimensional persistence modules (one: with respect to the original dataset, X; two: with respect to the ∂-perturbation of X) are 2∂-interleaved. In other words, the mapper graphs of X and X∂ differ by a small value as measured by homology.</p>

This paper presents a comprehensive perspective of the metric of quantum states with a focus on the geometry in the background independent quantum mechanics. We also explore the possibilities of geometrical formulations of quantum mechanics beyond the quantum state space and Kähler manifold. The metric of quantum states in the classical configuration space with the pseudo-Riemannian signature and its possible applications are explored. On contrary to the common perception that a metric for quantum state can yield a natural metric in the configuration space when the limit ℏ→0, we obtain the metric of quantum states in the configuration space without imposing the limiting condition ℏ→0. Here Planck’s constant ℏ is absorbed in the quantity like Bohr radii \(\frac{1}{2mZ\alpha}\sim a_{0}\) . While exploring the metric structures associated with Hydrogen like atom, we witness another interesting finding that the invariant lengths appear in the multiple of Bohr’s radii as: ds 2=a 20 (∇ Ψ)2.

Using results on the topology of moduli space of polygons (Jaggi, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Bern, 1992; Kapovich and Millson, J. Differ. Geom. 42:133---164, 1994), it can be shown that for a planar robot arm with n segments there are some values of the base-length, z (i.e., length of line joining the base of the arm with its end-effector), at which the configuration space of the constrained arm (arm with its end effector fixed) has two disconnected components, while at other values it has one connected component. We first review some of these known results relating the value of z with the connectivity of the constrained configuration space. Then the main design problem addressed in this paper is the construction of pairs of continuous inverse kinematics for arbitrary robot arms, with the property that the two inverse kinematics agree (i.e. return the same configuration) when the constrained configuration space has a single connected component, but they give distinct configurations (one in each connected component) when the configuration space of the constrained arm has two components. This design is made possible by a fundamental theoretical contribution in this paper--a classification of configuration spaces of robot arms such that the type of path that the system (robot arm) takes through certain critical values of the forward kinematics function is completely determined by the class to which the configuration space of the arm belongs. This classification result makes the aforesaid design problem tractable, making it sufficient to design a pair of inverse kinematics for each class of configuration spaces (three of them in total). The motivation for this work comes from a more extensive problem of motion planning for the end effector of a robot arm, in which the ability to continuously sample one configuration from each connected component of the constrained configuration spaces of the arm enables us to dramatically reduce the dimensionality of the space in which the planning has to be performed, without sacrificing algorithmic completeness. We start the paper with the general motivation, but address only the problem of sampling such configurations when there is no obstacle in the environment--a problem that in itself is non-trivial. We demonstrate the simplicity and the low complexity of the presented algorithm through a Javascript + HTML5 based implementation available at http://hans.math.upenn.edu/~subhrabh/nowiki/robot_arm_JS-HTML5/arm.html.

In this paper we give a global version of the Bryant representation of surfaces of constant mean curvature one (cmc-1) in hyperbolic space. This allows to set the associated non-abelian period problem in the framework of flat unitary vector bundles on Riemann surfaces. We use this machinery to prove the existence of certain cmc-1 surfaces having prescribed global monodromy.