Non-invasive Analytics Based Smart System for Diabetes Monitoring

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has intensified mental health issues globally, highlighting the urgent need for remote mental health monitoring. Digital phenotyping using smart devices has emerged as a promising approach, but it remains unclear which features are essential for predicting depression and anxiety.ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify the types of features collected through smart packages—integrated systems combining smartphones with wearable devices such as Actiwatches, smart bands, and smartwatches—and to determine which features should be considered essential for mental health monitoring based on the type of device used.MethodsA systematic review was conducted. Searches were performed across Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus on February 5, 2025. Inclusion criteria comprised quantitative studies involving adults (≥19 years) using smart devices to predict depression or anxiety based on passive data collection. Studies focusing solely on smartphones or qualitative designs were excluded. Risk of bias was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and the Quality Criteria Checklist. Data were synthesized descriptively, and the relative contribution of each feature was further assessed by calculating coverage (proportion of studies using a feature) and importance among used (proportion identifying it as important when used). These metrics were visualized in quadrant-based scatter plots to identify consistently important features across devices.ResultsFrom 1382 records, 22 studies across 11 countries were included. The overall synthesis identified a core feature package—accelerometer, steps, heart rate (HR), and sleep. Device-specific analyses revealed further nuances: in Actiwatch studies, accelerometer and activity were consistently important, but sleep features were rarely examined. In smart band studies, HR, steps, sleep, and phone usage were essential, while GPS, electrodermal activity (EDA), and skin temperature showed high importance when used, suggesting opportunities for broader adoption. In smartwatch studies, sleep and HR emerged as core features, whereas steps and accelerometer were widely used but often not identified as important.ConclusionsThis systematic review identified a core feature package comprising accelerometer, steps, HR, and sleep that consistently contributes to mood disorder prediction across devices. At the same time, device-specific differences were observed: Actiwatch studies mainly emphasized accelerometer and activity but underused sleep features; smart bands highlighted HR, steps, sleep, and phone usage, with EDA, skin temperature, and GPS showing additional promise; and smartwatches most reliably leveraged sleep and HR, while steps and accelerometer were widely used yet less effective. These findings suggest that while a shared core set of features exists, optimizing digital phenotyping requires tailoring feature selection to the characteristics of each device type. To advance this field, improving data accessibility, particularly in smartwatch ecosystems, and adopting standardized reporting frameworks will be essential to enhance comparability, reproducibility, and future meta-analytic integration.

Design and development of smart monitoring module for detection of virus

Wearable devices are now recognized as a powerful tool to collect physiological and environmental information in a smart, noninvasive, and real-time manner. Despite the rapid progress of wearable devices especially wearable electronic devices, there are still several challenges that limit their further development, for example, a complicated electrical signal acquisition and processing process to eliminate the interference from the surrounding signals, bulky power supply, inevitable e-waste, and environmental pollution. Herein, we report a 3D-printed recyclable, flexible, and wearable device for visualized UV, temperature, and sweat pH sensing. Compared with wearable electronic devices, our visualized wearable device senses environmental (UV light, ambient temperature), biophysical (skin temperature), and biochemical (sweat pH) signals via stimuli-responsive color change, which does not require complicated electronic circuit design/assembly, time-consuming data processing and additional power source. In addition, this visualized wearable device is fabricated via a 3D support bath printing technology by printing UV-, temperature-, and sweat pH-sensing inks containing photochromic, thermochromic, and pH-chromic materials, respectively, into/onto sustainable starch solution, resulting in a multi-functional, recyclable, and flexible sensing device with high reproducibility. Our results reveal that UV light intensities under sunlight (0–2500 μW/cm2), ambient, and skin temperatures (0–38 °C) as well as sweat pH (4.0–7.0) can be successfully monitored.

A mobile communication device is a small size of portable computer which provides communication service, such as smart phone and PDA. Currently, one of the biggest barriers in developing the mobile communication device is security issue. Even though there are excellent security functions which can remove the security issues, there is a problem that the mobile communication device can not be loaded with all the functions because it has low storage, poor computational power, and inconvenient user interface, compared to the desktop personal computer. This paper proposes a context-aware security reconfiguration scheme for effective security management of the mobile communication device. The scheme can provide the mobile communication device with the optimized security service which is most adapted to its current security context. Through the prototype implementation and the experiments of the proposed scheme, we have confirmed that the proposed scheme is excellent in terms of computing resource efficiency and usability, without degrading security level.

317 Background: Mobile application technology has quickly become an integral part of clinical cancer care. While this technology is most commonly used as a point of care reference or educational tool, it may also be an effective method to capture patient data. The purpose of this project was to create a mobile solution for fast, point-of-care data capture and implementation, patient reported outcomes, to generate a patient treatment summary and provide data for cancer registry and clinical trials. Methods: Using the “MedDB app” (Bitwise Analytics) on an iPad2 (Apple) device, an application was developed to collect patient data following breast surgery for cancer. Collected data included elements required for pathologic staging using the American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM system (7th Edition) with the application deriving pathologic TNM and Stage Group. In addition, the type of breast surgery, lymph node surgery, and the expected next steps in treatment are coded for collection. Data are entered into the App in the clinic and transferred using a blinded code number to a web-based database. This database is then used to generate a patient surgical treatment summary and care plan, and is available for uploading into a research database. We then developed an individual patient App for their own personal mobile device. The purpose was to collect patient reported outcomes through their adjuvant care and surviorship. Results: The initial pilot included data entry on 20 breast cancer patients who had surgery prior to adjuvant therapy. The time to complete data entry was less than 60 seconds per case. Conclusions: Mobile communication devices are increasingly becoming key tools for clinicians. They are primarily used to search for medical resource information and the review of medical records. This pilot demonstrates the potential for use of mobile computer devices for collecting key data for clinical trials, the cancer registry, generating a patient treatment summary and care plan at the point of service as well as patient reported outcomes through personalized patient apps. Future development will include studies of integration with the electronic health record, the cancer registry systems, and expansion to a complete survivorship care plan system.

Recent interest and current optimism regarding battery-charging wireless power-transfer technology are driven by the ubiquity of cell phones and other mobile communication devices. In some ways, this is to make a dream come true: a truly wireless mobile or portable communication device, completely free from being tethered in any way. The concept of wireless power transfer is not new, even for charging batteries. Cellular service users and customers may be annoyed by or do not want to be bothered with having to plug the mobile device into an electrical outlet. If this is true - as appears to be the case - then time may well provide a fix to the grief. Aside from not having to plug in the mobile phone or laptop, a more probable cause for the sudden interest in battery charging through wireless power transfer may come from the potential for mobile communication devices to get their electrical power the same way they get their data. Unlike wireless communication uses, the level of transmitted electromagnetic power required for large-scale or commercial implementation of wireless power transfer could be substantial. A key feature of the system design and research effort should be consideration of biological effects and human safety.

Increases in the numbers of obese and overweight children are a major issue in post-industrial societies because obesity can lead to severe health-related problems. In addition, many challenges affect the quantity and quality of physical education (PE) provided by schools. Exergames that combine exercise with gaming have been recognized as a possible method for motivating children to become physically active and to make PE more fun. Furthermore, exergames that utilize wearable sensors devices allow players' movements to be tracked for estimating the efficiency of exercise. In this study, we developed the Running Othello 2 (RO2) exergame, where players wear a smartphone and a smart wrist band to compete in a board game enhanced with physical and pedagogical missions. In physical missions, the game uses inertial sensors and a heart rate meter to detect the physical activities of players. The pedagogical part of the game is based on the South Korean PE curriculum. We evaluated RO2 with 61 South Korean third grade elementary school students, 32 of whom learned curriculum topics by playing the game. The other 29 students comprised a control group who studied the pedagogical content using handouts. The results indicated that learning with RO2 was more efficient, the players were engaged, and their heart rates increased. Based on the evaluation, we identified several issues to be addressed in future research. Finally, we discussed how RO2 supports the educational affordances of wearables and we explained how exergames using wearables can overcome some of the challenges faced by PE.

To cope with the demands for medical care in an aging society, smart healthcare wearable devices that can measure physiological signals are being regarded as the primary tools in medical care programs, allowing the users to acquire basic health data. Although the smart healthcare wearable devices could be applied to disease management and prevention that could help older adults control their health, older adults must be willing and able to use and continue to use them. In this research, interviews conducted through means–end chain (MEC) and laddering were used to guide the older adults step-by-step by explaining abstract ideas and emphasizing value in their perceptions of specific attributes. A “hierarchical value map” was further constructed to confirm the perceived value of smart healthcare wearable devices to older adults. The research results showed that, in terms of attribute functions, seniors believed that smart bracelets in mobile health devices should have the attributes of safe use, real-time information feedback, correct data, comfortable wear, and clear screen. In terms of consequent benefits, older adults can use smart bracelets in mobile health devices to gain benefits in learning about smart products, understanding technology applications, increasing health awareness and relaxation, and satisfying curiosity. In terms of value goals, older adults want to achieve the value goals of a sense of social belonging, improved quality of life, and healthier bodies. Health is the most important thing for older adults, but previous research has often focused on the use of equipment for physical examinations; relatively few studies have allowed older adults to experience the equipment personally. The device can provide the ultimate value of long-term health promotion for older adults.

The increased usage of mobile communication devices (MCDs) in the workplace has been controversial regarding whether they increase or decrease productivity, whether work-life balance is affected by use, and whether employers have the right to monitor usage. This paper includes research that addressed each of these three issues linked to employee use of MCDs. Past research provided conflicting results in three areas - work-life balance, productivity, and employee monitoring. A quantitative study of 60 non-supervisory employees in Arizona, Michigan, and Illinois, consisting of an online survey, was carried out to determine perceptions of whether use of MCDs for work purposes affects work-life balance or productivity and perceptions on employers monitoring usage of work-issued MCDs. Sixty-seven percent of respondents stated that their duties require the use of MCDs and, of those 62%, each stated that his or her MCD is a Smartphone. The majority stated that Smartphones were MCDs given to them by the employer. Other MCDs were cell phones and tablets which, combined, accounted for 35% of the responses. Fifty-three percent of the respondents stated that the use of the MCD did not impact work-life balance, eighty-eight percent stated that the use of the MCD increased productivity, and eighty-seven percent stated that their employer does not monitor usage of their MCD. Research findings may vary and depend on participants. Supervisors may have different viewpoints. However, the required use of these devices in the workplace keeps increasing, so it is appropriate for employers to clearly find a benefit for their use.

In recent years, intelligent wearable sensor devices have developed rapidly and can be seen everywhere in daily life. With the rapid development of electronic components and the continuous improvement of their performance, intelligent wearable intelligent products have gradually become possible and have shown explosive growth. In addition, intelligent wearable electronic devices have many advantages that traditional devices do not have. With the popularity of fitness wearable devices, intelligent wearable devices can also be used for real-time heart rate and dynamic electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring during marathon sports. It can effectively prevent sudden death. During marathon training and other health services, it is very important to use intelligent wearable sensor devices to monitor heart function. This paper puts forward a heart function monitoring system for marathon training based on intelligent wearable sensor, expounds the origin of marathon sports and the importance of heart function monitoring for marathon athletes during training. This paper discusses the technology and construction method of heart rate monitoring system based on intelligent wearable sensor device. At the same time, relevant experiments are carried out to verify the relevant performance of the intelligent wearable sensor device in the algorithm. The results show that the R wave detection accuracy of wearable devices based on traditional algorithms is usually between 92% and 93%. The R wave detection accuracy of the intelligent wearable sensor device improved by the algorithm in this paper has been improved to more than 97%, and the R wave detection accuracy of the algorithm in this paper is much higher than that of the traditional algorithm. This also reflects the effectiveness of the intelligent wearable sensor device of the algorithm during the training of marathon athletes.

Manual monitoring of vital signs, which often fails to capture the onset of deterioration, is the main monitoring modality in most Ghanaian hospitals due to the high cost and inadequate supply of patient bedside monitors. Consumer wearable devices (CWDs) are emerging, relatively low-cost technologies for continuous monitoring of physiological status; however, their validity has not been established in low-resource clinical settings. We aimed to (1) investigate the validity of the heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) data from two widely used CWDs, the Fitbit Versa 2 and Xiaomi Mi Smart Band 6, against gold standard bedside monitors in one Ghanaian hospital and (2) develop a web application to capture and display CWD data in a clinician-friendly way. A healthy volunteer simultaneously wore both CWDs and blood pressure cuffs to measure HR and SpO2. To test for concordance, we conducted the Bland-Altman and mean absolute percentage error analyses. We also developed a web application that retrieves and displays CWD data in near real time as text and graphical trends. Compared to gold standards (patient monitor and manual), the Fitbit Versa 2 had 96.87% and 96.67% measurement accuracies for HR, and the Xiaomi Mi Smart Band 6 had 94.24% and 93.21% measurement accuracies for HR. The Xiaomi Mi Smart Band 6 had 98.79% measurement accuracy for SpO2. The strong concordance between CWD and gold standards supports the potential implementation of these devices as a novel method of vital sign monitoring to replace manual monitoring, thus saving costs and improving patient outcomes. Further studies are needed for confirmation.

I N this issue of ANESTHESIOL- OGY, Bishop et al. report on a novel approach to the interpretation of hemodynamic analysis, namely fractal and multifractal. 1lthough the readers of this journal are intimately familiar with the cardiovascular system and its gyrations in response to stress, surgery, and anesthetics, the application of fractals and specifically of multifractals to data synthesis and interpretation initially might seem beyond the reach of, or relevance to, practitioners.My purpose in writing this commentary is to offer context and perspective to what the authors have done and what it might mean to today's clinician, and to tomorrow's.First, let us observe that those of us who care for sick patients in highly technical environments are data-rich and information-poor.We who care for sick patientswhether in the operating room on in the intensive care unit-cannot possibly accumulate, absorb, and synthesize the streaming waveforms or their 6-s scalar snapshots (the glowing digits that announce a heart rate to be 82 beats/min, a blood pressure to be 116/54 mmHg, and so on) that dance across the monitor.Interpretive strategies abound, the simplest of which is to create a time series of values and then attempt to give some statistics on the time series.Technological considerations aside, modern hardware and software make it easy to determine the time intervals between heartbeats (or its reciprocal, the instantaneous heart rate), the series of systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and so forth.Anesthesiologists are rightly most concerned about gross trends: the heart rate going up and the blood pressures going down signals a problem with intravascular volume, the blood pressure going up and the heart rate going down suggests an intracranial catastrophe, and so forth.But what if there is no apparent trend?What if the values are seemingly scattered around some value we call "normal"?Isn't this just "regular rate and rhythm"?It is not.Normal hemodynamics (and several other aspects of physiology) are inherently-if subtly-variable. 2 Moreover,

Unstable angina: Rational approach to management

PurposeThis systematic review aimed to examine the effects of wearable technologies on physical functioning, symptom-related outcomes, and psychosocial health parameters in patients with breast cancer. The primary research question was whether wearable devices provide added value as supportive tools when integrated with established interventions such as exercise or mindfulness-based approaches.MethodsThe review was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD420251113029). A systematic search was conducted across Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Ovid MEDLINE. Randomized controlled trials evaluating wearable technologies in breast cancer populations were included. Study selection and data extraction were independently conducted by two reviewers using the Covidence platform. Due to heterogeneity in interventions and outcomes, results were synthesized using a narrative approach.ResultsThree randomized controlled trials published between 2019 and 2024 met the inclusion criteria, with sample sizes ranging from 28 to 52 participants. Wearable technologies included EEG headbands, activity trackers, and smart bracelets. Interventions supported by wearable devices were associated with improvements in fatigue, emotional and functional domains of quality of life, perceived stress, and physical activity. In exercise-based studies, objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity increased (e.g., median O-MVPA: 234.3 vs. 128.3 min/week), and cardiorespiratory fitness improved (VO₂peak + 2.43 mL/kg/min). High feasibility and user acceptability were consistently reported.ConclusionFindings from a limited number of randomized controlled trials suggest that wearable technologies may play a supportive role in breast cancer care by facilitating monitoring, adherence, and self-management when combined with established interventions. However, the available evidence remains limited, and further high-quality research is needed to clarify the independent and additive contributions of wearable technologies to physical, clinical, and psychosocial outcomes.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00520-026-10554-9.

Risks to one's health can arise for both corporate employees and individuals working in mines, factories, or construction sites. On occasion, they must deal with dangerous circumstances like fire, water, rockfall, poisonous chemical releases at work, poor ventilation, etc. Several workers thus experience breathing difficulties, heart attacks, hypertension, etc. In addition, women who work face the risk of harassment, theft, etc. Even those who unavoidably suffer accidents while away from home for work or any other reason regularly fail to notify their families or have delays in seeking medical care. In this study, an Android app and a smart wristband are proposed which will measure wearer's body temperature, heart rate, pulse, and levels of oxygen saturation and send the data to the Android application on the user's mobile device with the 4G long term evolution (4G LTE) module and the internet of things (IoT) framework. This app will even update the user's family about mishappenings.