Object-oriented resource-based planning method (ORPM) for construction

How Important is the Detection of Changes in Active Constraints in Real-Time Optimization?

Control structure designfora CO2 -refrigeration system with heat recovery

Adaptive estimated maximum-entropy distribution model

This paper covers a method to correctly examine each facility area in the town center from a viewpoint of energy supply and to strive for curtailment of energy consumption quantity and reduction in scale of city plants (or installation of urban) in an entire area for development of a new town and redevelopment of the existing town area. Contents of this paper are described below. 1. Purpose of study 2. Survey and analysis on the current conditions of town center 2.1 Redevelopment of the existing town area and development of new town area 2.2 Establishment of scale and character, etc. of facility to be studied 3. Study method 4. Conclusion In the final explanation, the following merits are estimated as a result that the method described in the paper was examined. 1) Proper combinations and area allocation of various facilities can be selected from a viewpoint of energy consumption at a stage of drawing up a master plan. 2) A size of facility area can be roughly estimated from a standpoint of energy consumption. 3) This planning method can also be applied to both land utilization method and construction method in the city planning. 4) The meaning of the planning method is to work hard for energy saving in the town or entire area and further it is fully expected that the method brings an effect on reduction in a capacity of city plants. 5) An energy operating rate is improved and an economical feature is also increased, thus enabling to contribute to elimination of environmental pollution since the city plant capacity can be reduced. It is considered that it is getting more important in the future not only to partially and technically make a judgement of an energy problem, but also to introduce a long-term social and economical consideration about this problem to the plan. For this, it is suggested that it is essential to apply the planning method described in the paper. In particular, it will become necessary in the future to make up a simple and practical method which can be applied at the stage of master plan on redevelopment of the existing town area and so on.

Water resource problems have become increasingly severe with the onslaught of global warming. This has shifted focus gradually to the carrying capacity of water resources. Discussions on the carrying capacity of water resources involve the water load capacity required by and supplied for industrial and agriculture use, living water, and environment protection under social, technological, and economic conditions toward the aim of achieving sustainable development of living, ecology and production. This study is aimed at discussing the utilization and configuration of water resources in Taijiang District from the perspective of sustainable development, as well as the demand and supply of water resources in the region for the point of view of water balance. This study collected data related to demand and supply of water resources in Taijiang District from 1992 to 2006. Water demand data included the amount of water for livelihood, industry, agriculture and ecological use. This study also utilized the grey system theory to predict the amount of water utilization from 2014 to 2019. Results show that the demand and supply of water resources in Taijiang District currently present a negative tendency. The demand and supply of water resources in Taijiang District is predicted to arrive at a positive tendency. This can be accomplished by utilizing the grey system, which predicts the amount of future water utilization under each target. In addition, working with planning and allocation of water resources issued by the Water Resources Agency, Ministry of Economic Affairs, which increased the amount of water resources supply to the whole Taijiang District, is also necessary. The Sustainable World 181 www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3541 (on-line) WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, Vol 142, © 2010 WIT Press doi:10.2495/SW100171

Development of three-phase Newton optimal power flow for studying imbalance/security in transmission systems

INTRODUCTION. The increasing complexity of construction projects and growing competitive pressure in the industry have created a critical need to enhance planning methods and resour ce allocation in construction management. RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS. The introduction of integrated digital technologies, such as digital twins, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and advanced planning methods, will significantly increase the efficiency of construction process planning, reduce costs and project execution time, while reducing risks and improving forecasting accuracy. THE AIM The purpose of this study was to develop a methodology for improving the efficiency of construction process planning through the integration of digital technologies and algorithmic optimisation methods. METHODS. The study was based on an analysis of the implementation of digital planning methods in seven leading international construction companies in 2023–2024, using data from technical documentation for deployed systems and financial statements. FINDINGS. The adoption of integrated digital platforms reduced planning time by 45–52% and minimised equipment downtime by 38–40%. The use of graph databases optimised the sequencing of construction operations, while predictive analytics improved forecasting accuracy for work deadlines to 92%. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies lowered logistics costs by 25–33% and reduced modelling (BIM) technologies, combined with collaborative planning systems, increased productivity by 25% and reduced schedule deviations by 32%. Furthermore, the development of a digital twin system enabled process modelling at the planning stage, facilitating early detection of potential issues and reducing error correction costs by 28%. The application of predictive analytics allowed a shift from reactive to proactive resource management through risk forecasting and automatic plan adjustments. CONCLUSION. The proposed phased methodology for digital solution implementation, incorporating a technology audit and personnel development programmes, can be applied by construction companies of various sizes to optimise planning processes and enhance operational efficiency. KEYWORDS: digital twins; intelligent systems; graph databases; manufacturing processes; collaborative planning.

In most structural optimization problems the time‐consuming implicit analysis must be repeated many times during the solution process. To alleviate this difficulty, the implicit analysis equations are often neglected or replaced by explicit approximations.Assuming the force method analysis formulation, optimal solutions of two problems are studied and compared: The equilibrium linear programme (ELP), where only explicit equilibrium conditions are considered in the analysis model The non‐linear programme (NLP), where the implicit compatibility conditions are included to obtain a complete formulation. The effect of geometrical parameters on optimal solutions of both problems is investigated and geometries with particular properties are identified. The main observations that have been made are as follows: Multiple optima of the ELP have been obtained for geometries where transitions in the set of active constraints at the ELP optimum occur. The NLP optimum for such a geometry might be included in the set of ELP optima. Identical optimal solutions of the two problems have been found for geometries where transitions in the set of active constraints at the NLP optimum occur. The explicit ELP can be solved instead of the implicit NLP for the two classes of transition geometries.The relationships between optimal force distributions and objective function values for the two problems are studied and examples where compatibility conditions can be neglected are illustrated.

During the past two decades, researchers in mobile robotics have dealt with different path planning methods. In most cases, the methods goal is to find free collision paths; which will meet the initial and final configurations to complete a mission. Some researchers have proposed methods where the robot’s configuration is perfectly known at each instant during the planning and navigation stages(Moreno & Dapena, 2003) . This is not always possible. Dealing with uncertainty, in the planning stage, is essential when the position errors values approach values close to the allowed thresholds for the mission. Plans based on geometrical models, assuming null uncertainty, are clearly insufficient when the mobile robot has to coexist with humans or other kind of difficult situations. Thus, the use of planners, which not explicitly deal with uncertainty, is limited to simple situations, where the errors are less than the allowed thresholds to accomplish the missions (Bouilly & Simeon, 1996). In general, the basic requirements for the autonomous navigation of a mobile robot are environmental recognition, path planning, driving control and location estimation/correction capabilities (Nakamura, 1991, Haralick & Shapiro). The location estimation and correction capabilities are practically indispensable for the autonomous mobile robot to execute the given tasks efficiently. There are many factors involved in obtaining accurate location information while the mobile robot is moving (Sim & Dudek). To get reliable and precise location data, sensor fusion techniques (Ayache & Faugeras, 1989, Zhou & Sakane, 2001) have also been developed. When a CCD camera is utilized under good illumination conditions, certain patterns or shapes of objects are also effective for determining the location (Han et.al, 1999, Segvic & Ribaric, 2001). Similarly when a mobile robot is moving in a building, the walls, edges, and doors can be utilized for position estimation (Betke, 1994 David, 1989). Most researches (Choset, 2001, Sanisa, 2001, Philippe & Colle, 2001) focus on the indoor navigation of a mobile robot in a well-structured environment. In other words, beacons, doors, and corridor edges are utilized to estimate the current location of the mobile robot. However, in cases such as when a mobile robot is navigating under a deep sea or in a forest (Kim, et.al, 2001), there are no landmarks that can be utilized to determine the location. This paper considers the situations where a mobile robot and a walking human coexist in a structured intelligent environment, such as assembly line in a factory. In these cases, one cannot utilize any landmarks or special features known a priori (Lallet & Lacroix, 1998,

Often the parameters considered as constants in an optimization problem have some uncertainty and it is interesting to know how the optimum solution is modified when these values are changed. The only way to continue having the optimal solution is to perform a new optimization loop, but this may require a high computational effort if the optimization problem is large. However, there are several procedures to obtain the new optimal design, based on getting the sensitivities of design variables and objective function with respect to a fixed parameter. Most of these methods require obtaining second derivatives which has a significant computational cost. This paper uses the feasible direction-based technique updating the active constraints to obtain the approximate optimum design. This procedure only requires the first derivatives and it is noted that the updating set of active constraints improves the result, making possible a greater fixed parameter variation. This methodology is applied to an example of very common structural optimization problems in technical literature and to a real aircraft structure.

Apartments construction is a one of largest parts in buildings construction. In apartments construction, work interferences are frequently occurred in work processing because workspaces are very various and numerous. However, though work process is important for mainly influencing to the schedule, quality and cost of apartments construction, these work interferences are considered a kind of uncertainty, which is difficult to anticipate at construction planning stage, in work processing. Therefore, this study proposed the measures for work interference reduction in apartment buildings construction and the actual planning for practices. The results can be summarized as follows: (1) the standard of work process is checked regularly. (2) The scope of work and work process is adjusted. (3) The standard of drawings process and cost about work interferences work profess is established.

Modern competitive conditions, economic crisis phenomena and an overall decline in business activity significantly influence the self-regulation of a construction company. This paper is aimed at the following: an author’s definition of the building system stability as the ability to function effectively under changing competitive market environment conditions and the construction volume (load) uncertainty (production and technology, supply and sales, financial sustainability, etc.) The paper presents a simulation of the construction company stability by choosing mutually related rational indicator prediction values - construction indicators regarding the risks of achieving its activity goals meeting the requirements to acceptable process variability. To assess and manage the construction company stability, a classification of risks is given. An algorithm was developed for a set of management decisions to minimize the consequences of external risks. The author’s research findings suggest the following conclusions:- Various types of external risks are the most likely and significant possible damage on construction companies.- At the construction planning stage, to minimize the possible consequences of external risks and uncertainty, organizational and technical measures should be developed.- The main organizational and technical measures to quickly respond to reducing (losing) the stability of construction companies, minimizing the consequences of external risks and construction production uncertainty with regard to the Pareto principle should consist in the practical implementation of a set of measures to align the changed production load with the parameters of the construction company’s production potential - first of all, the specialization level and production capacity.

How to configurate the integrated energy systems is the essential issue for urban policy makers and energy planners. It's crucial to investigate the optimal planning approach to configurate appropriate energy supply units and energy storage devices. Presents methods emphasize various conventional & renewable energy sources and mature energy storage technologies such as a battery, molten salt heat storage, compressed air energy storage and so on. The heat storage capacity of the heat transfer networks and buildings are usually ignored during the planning stage. Based on traditional mathematical optimization methods, an innovative optimal configuration planning methods are introduced with consideration of the heat storage capacity of the buildings in the heating area. The principle of the planning method is decreases the total energy supply costs and reducing the renewable energy curtailment. The overall life-cycle cost is employed to evaluate the economic benefit of the integrated energy system, while the renewable power consumed in the integrated system is applied to reflect renewable energy curtailment reduction. Firstly, the heat-electricity synthesis system and energy storage system in a broad sense is introduced. Then, using the Genetic Algorithm to handle the mathematical optimization problems, the optimization models are analyzed in detail. Finally, a case in Beijing is studied with the proposed optimal configuration method. It concludes that as an optimal configuration planning method with consideration of heat storage in buildings, the proposed method shows outstanding advantages in renewable energy curtailment reduction.

The selection of an appropriate underground construction method plays a crucial role during the pre-construction phase as it must consider various aspects, such as safety, technical feasibility, and cost-effectiveness. However, there is still a lack of technical assessments for selecting suitable underground construction methods in the research field. Therefore, this study aims to build an assessment model to technically assess such methods in the pre-construction stage. Firstly, technical assessment factors were obtained from literature reviews, expert consultations and survey results. Factor analysis was performed to reveal the underlying significance of each factor. The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) model was then constructed to assess the relative importance of each factor. Finally, the assessment model was validated by seeking experts’ opinions on its performance in a practical project. The study resulted in a Fuzzy AHP model established from a list of 8 groups of factors with 35 refined factors, covering many aspects from documents and resources to geology and hydrology. The validation results demonstrated the model’s effectiveness in assisting contractors to make informed decisions. This study has contributed to construction literature by introducing a novel framework for underground construction methods, offering a practical tool for pre-construction planning and decision-making.

The article deals with the high-energy consumption of excessive anthropomorphic robots manipulators problem. Among the existing ways of solving this problem, solving the problems of energy-efficient traffic control methods of are chosen. Earlier on this topic, the authors developed mathematical methods for energy-efficient planning of the path of the anthropomorphic robot manipulator in the working area with a stationary obstacle. Earlier on this topic, the authors developed mathematical methods for energy-efficient motion path planning of the anthropomorphic robot manipulator in the working area with a stationary obstacle. The proposed methods have reduced computational complexity for real-time operation mode. The principle of the presented mathematical apparatus operation is to construct a virtual rectilinear energy-efficient path for moving the manipulator effector to a given position and then iteratively pushing the manipulator links out of the obstacle area to build the necessary movement route. The developed methods can be modified according to the necessary criteria of motion manipulator quality. This article presents the results of the new algorithm energy efficiency analysis that combines the previously described methods. A comparison with the selected analogue, the principle of which is based on the representation of objects in the form of oriented connected containers, is accomplished. The results of an experiments series on the simulation model implemented in MatLab show a reduction in the energy consumption of manipulators when performing targeted operations in the working area with or without an obstacle. A promising area of further research is the modification of the proposed mathematical apparatus for working in a zone with multiple stationary and dynamic obstacles, as well as the elimination of collisions when working with a human.