Observation, Drawing, Modeling. Elements of a Cognitive Process Between Analogic and Digital for Design Learning

Kindergarten is believed to have a significant role in developing communication skills in children through providing opportunities for verbal and non verbal interaction, offering a structured environment for language-rich activities, and facilitating socializing with peers. Given that, this study sought to examine the role of kindergartens in developing communication skills among kindergarten children, from the perspective of their mothers, within the directorates of education in Zarqa Governorate. The study recruited 313 mothers, who were selected using a random sampling method. To achieve the study's objectives, the study relied on a descriptive-analytical approach using several statistical methods, including frequencies, percentages, arithmetic mean, and standard deviation. The findings demonstrated a moderate role of kindergartens in developing kindergarten children's communication skills (verbal communication, emotional communication, and social communication). From the mothers' perspective, the place of residing (village) was linked to variations in the role of kindergartens in the development of kindergarten children's communication skills in the areas of verbal and emotional communication. Similarly, social communication was influenced by the place of residence, particularly for those living in the city. However, there are no differences in the impact of kindergarten on developing kindergarten children's communication skills (verbal, social, and emotional) attributable to educational qualifications. The study recommended the need to hold intensive and specialized training courses for kindergarten teachers on communication skills. It is also necessary to employ communication skills in children's daily lives on the basis of successful training and educational models. Additionally, holding intensive and specialized training courses for teachers on communication methods and strategies for developing each skill is crucial.

Nowadays, ionizing radiation is increasingly used in our lives. This applies in particular to medicine. Devices with ionizing radiation are constantly being introduced in all areas of medicine, both for diagnosis and for treatment. The personnel working with this equipment must therefore have sufficient knowledge and skills and follow the respective rules and procedures associated with the radiation protection of the personnel themselves and the patients. To achieve all this, it is necessary to pay special attention to training of the personnel. Due to the constant introduction of new, modern equipment, it is necessary to periodically conduct the relevant training. The author of the article is responsible for conducting of such a specialized training, held in the Medical University Varna and at the same time trainer in some specific training courses. In this article we show interesting moments from running special courses to acquire the right to work with sources of ionizing radiation. This can be useful for other trainers who conduct such training. We share our experience in running these courses and believe that we can provide new ideas for more effective delivery of these special training courses.

General practitioner (GP) training programme involves a complex process. In Italy, unlike in other European countries, there is no national core curriculum for the training of GPs and the three-year specific training course in General Medicine (CSFMG) is not equated as a proper specialty. Furthermore, the quality of the CFSMGs is poorly investigated and data are difficult to find/fragment. The aim of this study is to describe and compare GP tranining from two pilot regions (Lombardy and Lazio). The study analysed the white and grey literature. For data collection a descriptive grid was created using the characteristics foreseen by current legislation as comparison indicators; the information came exclusively from official and public written data. The analysis reports indicators: structural-organisational; theoretical activity; practical activity; research/guided study; final thesis. The most evident fact that emerges is the lack of available (show the gap), public and official information on the GP training, therefore the description and comparison of the basic indicators in the pilot Regions suffers. A learning model based more on minimum time requirements (time-based learning) than on competences to be acquired (competencies-based learning) is evident. Furthermore, the professional/academic profiles of the lecturers are not available and thus comparable; finally, no information on the training methodologies of the frontal/research sessions can be found. The limitation to only two Regions and the lack of available data do not allow a comprehensive assessment and it would be useful to extend the study on a national scale. However, there is a clear need for improved transparency and evaluation within the GP's training in different Regions through a periodic monitoring system with specific indicators (quantitative and qualitative). The re-establishment/establishment of an independent national observatory on Training in General Practice would be desirable.

Introduction: For several years teachers have been concerned about students who appear normal, intelligent, and healthy, but struggle with reading and learning to read and write. These difficulties are identified under the concept of dyslexia [1]. Dyslexia is defined as learning disability that is neurobiological in origin. It is characterized by problems with fluent word recognition and by poor spelling and interpreting skills. Rationale of Study: Dyslexia appears to be the most common learning disability in mainstream schools since the average number of children with dyslexia universally appears to be between 10-15% of the population [19]. Objectives of the Study: To assess Knowledge and Awareness of al-medina elementary school teachers about reading disability (dyslexia). Methodology: Cross sectional study. This study was conducted in al-Medina city. It is located at the north western region of kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Al-Medina city has 208 Elementary female schools and 181 Elementary male schools (published in ministry of education website 1438 The study population included female and male Saudi teachers in primary schools in Al-Medina the total population (Saudi female and male teachers in primary schools) 10,522 expected frequency =50% at 95% confidence level the sample size =371 (calculated by using survey software A self-reported questionnaire was give to primary schools teachers. Results: A total of 380 teachers of elementary school in Madinah city, Saudi Arabia were included in the study. The personal characteristics of the studied subjects are presented in Table 1. The mean (±SD) age of the studied teachers was 40.6(±6.2) years and age ranged from 25-59 years. About 41.6% were above the age of 40 years and about half of the studied teachers were males (51.3%). The majority were married (92.6%), and had more than 3 children. The majority had bachelor degree (72.6%). Almost all the studied teachers reported to have monthly income of more than 8000 SR (97.1%). More than half of the studied teachers were teaching Arabic and Islamic subjects (56.8%), 22.4% of the teachers were teaching science and Mathematics. Teachers with work experience > 10 years were representing 58.2% of the studied sample with the mean years of experience was 8.4 ± 4.6 (1-19 years). Conclusions: The present study revealed that good level of knowledge on dyslexia among the studied elementary school teachers in Madinah City to account (42.9%). The results showed also that the majority of teachers to have positive opinion about the need of educational program and special training courses on dyslexia. Although not significant, good level of knowledge on dyslexia was varied by the socio-demographic characteristics of the studied teachers. The higher level was among teachers aged ≤ 40 years, male teachers, married teachers, teachers having 1-3 children, teachers having bachelor degree. The highest percent of good knowledge was found among science and mathematics teachers.

Reducing emissions to air and introducing new propulsion technologies are key challenges for the worldwide transport sector, including shipping. The world’s future fleet will have to rely on a broader range of fuels, propulsion solutions and energy efficiency measures. It should be obvious that the bunkering operations should be carried out in a safe manner in accordance with all regulations. The purpose of this study is to improve the LNG bunkering procedure from the safety side to prevent gas leakage. Qualified Crew is essentially important for the new technologies on ships. Due to the rapid development of shipping industry, it must be paid much attention on the demand of the well-trained maritime manpower within the dynamic economies. The main types of drills that are carried out on the vessel were analysed using the example of the company Nordic Hamburg. In order to support the green direction by Nordic Hamburg Crewing, special training courses to train seafarers who provide sustainable shipping industry were integrated, especially dealing with: a) oceans; b) communities; c) people; d) transparency; f) finance; g) energy. The results of the study showed a high level of preparation for various types of danger during the acceptance of Liquified Natural Gas on board at containerships. The article draws conclusions about the necessity to improve the safety procedures for LNG bunkering and the correctness of the corresponding monthly alarms in order to be sure about the readiness of ship''s crew for an emergency situation.

Introduction: The constantly increasing air traffic intensity and tough safety demands require the systematic improvement of training and educational facilities for upgrading the professional level of aviation management specialists. Therefore, developing a theory of synthesizing an adaptive training simulator looking like an expert system is an important task. Our interest to this problem is associated with finding new ways of increasing the efficiency of training complexes by introducing cognitive technologies into the management structure of the training facilities. Purpose: The goal is to create a simulation model of an adaptive training simulator for aviation management specialists, and to develop a learning process management structure which would describe the change in the state of a learner in a formalized mathematical representation. Results: The structure has been developed for a simulation model of an adaptive training simulator for aviation management specialists, as an evaluation subsystem subset. The model provides objective criteria for judging whether the learner’s knowledge and skills match the required level. Also, the model generates corrective actions which affect the current thematic section of the training program for the traffic service and the training subsystem in which, due to the corrective actions, a program is formed for mastering the given thematic section according to the individual traits of the trainees. An algorithm is obtained to calculate complex estimates of the training level for a set of monitored parameters. This algorithm finds estimates based on the results of test exercises from special training courses for aviation specialists. As a generalizing estimate for parameters of different nature, it is suggested to use the averaging criteria of accuracy and performance. The proposed method allows you to obtain estimates of the efficiency of adaptive training simulators with elements of an expert system. Practical relevance: The developed cognitive structure of a learning process management system and the obtained algorithm for determining complex estimates of aircrew proficiency level allow you to proceed to the creation of a new generation of effective training complexes whose introduction will improve the flight safety due to better professional training of the aviation specialists.

The article introduces the analysis of the concepts retrieval and retrieval competencies, as well as defines the place of information retrieval activity in the educational activity of students of universities. We conducted a questionnaire design of the first and second year students for studying their knowledge of the diversity of information retrieval systems and the ability to adequately choose information retrieval systems for thematic, targeted and factual information retrieval. The students were offered a list of 14 answers, including both traditional and electronic information systems. The results of analysis show, that the students are familiar with a limited range of information retrieval systems, and most often use the Internet search engine for searching information. Most students ignore traditional bibliographic systems, as well as information systems, which require special knowledge and skills of using search strategies for use. Obviously, it is necessary to carry out purposeful activity on formation of information retrieval competencies of pupils and students based on the special training courses.

The study aimed to identify the extent of mobile learning employment in the educational process in Jordanian government schools from the teachers' perspective. To achieve the aim of the study, the descriptive approach was utilized where a questionnaire consisting of three domains (cognition, skill, and evaluation) was developed with (20) paragraphs. The paragraphs validity and reliability were established, then the questionnaire was distributed to the study sample that consisted of (360) teachers in Jordanian government schools.The results of the study showed that the extent of mobile learning employment in the educational process from the perspective of Jordanian government school teachers appeared with a low degree, with an arithmetic mean of (1.79). The results further showed a statistically significant difference in the evaluations of the study sample individuals for the authenticity of employing mobile learning in the educational process according to the perspective of Jordanian government school teachers according to the gender and attributed to the males, and on all dimensions, in addition to the presence of statistically significant differences according to the educational qualification and attributed to higher studies, at the macro level of the tool and on the cognition and skill domains.In light of the study results, the researcher recommended that the Ministry of Education should offer more specialized training courses and workshops in the field of teaching technology and mobile learning and recommend teachers to apply them in the educational process. Furthermore, it is required to spread awareness among teachers and students about the advantages of utilizing mobile learning and modern technology in learning. Keywords: mobile learning, educational process. DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/10-12-07 Publication date: June 30th 2020

The article deals with the actual problem of professional training of the prospective primary school teachers to work with intellectually gifted pupils. It has been shown that giftedness is determined by both innate gifts and social conditions and, of course, needs support and help on a part of a trained teacher. The level of readiness of prospective primary school teachers to work with intellectually gifted pupils in modern conditions has been investigated. For this purpose, a scientific study was conducted in 2021-2022 studying years in which the students of the 1st and 2nd courses of the Institute of Pedagogy of Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University participated. The conducted research allows formulating certain methodical recommendations for the professional training of prospective teachers to work with intellectually gifted pupils. These recommendations outline the following imperatives: 1) there is a need to introduce a special training course into the educational process; 2) it is relevant to include in psychological and pedagogical disciplines the issues that characterize the peculiarities of working with gifted pupils; 3) the need to develop students' motivation for self-development and self-improvement is very important; 4) it is expedient to include psychological trainings, project tasks, methods of innovative computer training in the studying disciplines; 5) the prospective teachers should be motivated to study modern psychological and pedagogical literature in this field, since working with gifted pupils requires special training both in higher education and in further independent professional activity. The promising aspects of the research include research in the indicated direction using the synergistic concept «talent is the sum of talents and abilities». This approach corresponds to the synergistic principle of superadditivity («the whole is greater than its parts») when any system reveals certain systemic properties that are not inherent in the properties of its components. Under such conditions, the problem of human development in the context of «heredity VS environment» can be resolved.

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على واقع توظيف تكنولوجيا التعليم في العملية التعليمية في مدارس قصبة المفرق في وزارة التربية والتعليم الأردنية من وجهة نظر مديري المدارس فيها ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة، تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي حيث تم تطوير استبانة مكونة من ثلاثة مجالات (المدرسة، والمعلم، والمنهاج) بواقع (21) فقرة، وبعد التأكد من صدقها وثباتها، تم توزيعها على عينة الدراسة المكونة من (146) مديراً ومديرة في مدارس قصبة المفرق، أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن واقع توظيف تكنولوجيا التعليم في العملية التعليمية من وجهة نظر مديري مدارس قصبة المفرق جاء بدرجة متوسطة، وبمتوسط حسابي (2.78 من5)، كما أظهرت النتائج عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في تقديرات أفراد عينة الدارسة لواقع توظيف تكنولوجيا التعليم في العملية التعليمية من وجهة نظر مديري مدارس قصبة المفرق تبعاً لمتغيري النوع والخبرة، في ضوء نتائج الدراسة أوصت الدراسة بضرورة عقد وزارة التربية والتعليم لمزيد من الدورات والورش التدريبية المتخصصة في مجال تكنولوجيا التعليم، وتحسين البنية التحتية التكنولوجية للمدارس.

The meeting program of the second year of IGCPProject #592 (2012-2015) Continental construction in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt compared to actualistic examples from the western Pacific funded by UNESCOIUGS included five international conferences and workshops in Russia, China, South Korea and New Zealand. This report summarizes the main topics and scientific results of the meetings. In addition, the IGCP#592 program included several training schools for young scientists and special training courses in Japan, Kazakhstan, Russia, South Korea, and Uzbekistan. Since 2013, more than two hundred scientists from 35 countries expressed their interest in collaborating in our Project, of which more than 30% were women and young scientists. Participants come from Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, China, Czech Republic, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Russia, South Africa, South Korea, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Thailand, United Kingdom, USA, Vietnam and Uzbekistan. In order to carry out research and to secure meeting activities, project participants received funding from national and international foundations and mining companies. We also present a schedule and major topics of IGCP#592 associated meetings planned for 2014.

Caregiving can be extremely stressful, especially when patients' ability to communicate is impaired. While the stress undergone by relatives assisting their loved ones has been widely investigated, fewer data can be found about the stress in healthcare professionals. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether a specific training course could be related to a reduction in the levels of stress of professional care-givers working with patients suffering from dementia. Work-related levels of stress of study participants were evaluated with the Staff Stress Measure Dementia Care Scale, at baseline and four months after completion of an eight-month training course. We found no significant correlation between care-givers' age, gender, marital status, years of employment or perceived economic status, and their stress levels at baseline. Patients' characteristics were not related with care-givers' stress at baseline. The mean level of stress was significantly reduced (34.64±4.15 vs 26.64±3.82, p<0.001) between baseline and the study endpoint. Increased knowledge of management of patients affected by dementia could help professional care-givers to reduce their work-related stress. Our results add to the evidence of the benefit of personnel support in reducing levels of stress at work.

El objetivo de esta comunicación es presentar un modelo de tutorización del Trabajo de Fin de grado (TFG) llevado a cabo en el Grado de Relaciones Laborales y Recursos Humanos de la Universidad de Valencia, en relación al proceso de reforma de la universidad.En consecuencia, se analizará la congruencia del proceso de acompañamiento al estudiante por parte del profesor junto con las principales innovaciones introducidas en la enseñanza universitaria por el proceso de convergencia del denominado «Plan Bolonia».En el nuevo escenario educativo planteado, se recoge el cambio en el rol del profesor por un lado y, por otro, su relación con el estudiante. Además, se refleja los pilares en el los que se fundamenta el modelo que son la actitud pro-activa del estudiante con respecto al proceso de aprendizaje, el enfoque orientado al desarrollo de competencias y el uso de las nuevas tecnologías.En este sentido, la planificación de todo el recorrido, la preparación de un material de apoyo en cada fase junto con un compromiso formativo claro, concreto y compartido entre profesor y el estudiante caracterizan positivamente el modelo de trabajo e intervención que se propone.

Wider opportunities for women: Emancipatory CAL as the integrating factor in a course provided for women returners

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على واقع ممارسة الإدارة بالتجوال لدى العمداء في جامعة المجمعة، وفي سبيل تحقيق ذلک استخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي المسحي، کما تم استخدام الاستبانة کأداة لجمع بيانات الدراسة من مجتمعها المتمثل في جميع الوکلاء ورؤساء الأقسام في المرکز الرئيس لجامعة المجمعة بمحافظة المجمعة والبالغ عددهم (63) فردا، وقد استجاب منهم (56) فردا، أي بنسبة (88.9%). وقد توصلت الدراسة للعديد من النتائج أبرزها: أن درجة ممارسة الإدارة بالتجوال لدى العمداء في جامعة المجمعة جاءت عالية، کما أوضحت النتائج أن هناک العديد من الصعوبات التي تواجه القيادات الجامعية لممارسة الإدارة بالتجوال لدى العمداء في جامعة المجمعة أبرزها: کثرة المهام الموکلة للعميد وضغوط العمل، قله الوعي بأهمية الجولات التفقدية، إضافة إلى ما سبق فقد أظهرت النتائج أن بعض المقترحات التي من الممکن أن تساهم في تعزيز ممارسة الإدارة بالتجوال لدى القيادات الجامعية بجامعة المجمعة أبرزها: إلمام العمداء بالأساليب الإشرافية الحديثة المبنية على الشفافية، اختيار الکفاءات القيادية المتفهمة لدورها في تطوير بيئة العمل، کما بينت النتائج أنه لا توجد هناک فروقا ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطات استجابات أفراد الدراسة حول درجة ممارسة الإدارة بالتجوال لدى العمداء في جامعة المجمعة باختلاف متغير طبيعة العمل، وسنوات الخبرة في مجال العمل، في حين أظهرت النتائج أن هناک فروقا ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0.01) بين متوسطات استجابات أفراد الدراسة حول درجة ممارسة الإدارة بالتجوال لدى العمداء في جامعة المجمعة باختلاف متغير الدورات التدريبية، وذلک لصالح أفراد الدراسة ممن حصلوا على ثلاث دورات فأکثر، ولصالح ممن حصلوا على دورتين بالنسيبة للصعوبات، وفي الأخير فقد أوضحت النتائج أنه لا توجد هناک فرواقا ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطات استجابات أفراد الدراسة حول المقترحات التي من شأنها تعزيز ممارسة الإدارة بالتجوال لدى العمداء في جامعة المجمعة باختلاف متغير الدورات التدريبية الخاصة في مجال مدخل الإدارة بالتجوال. The current study generally aimed at identifying the reality of practicing roaming management by the deans of Majmaah University. Accordingly, the researcher used the descriptive survey methodology in order to achieve the study objective. Moreover, the questionnaire was used as a study tool to collect study data from the targeted population represented by all department leaders and heads at the main center of Majmaah University in in Majmaa Governorate. The study population was 63 individuals, of who 56 responded, that is (88.9%).The study revealed several findings, including: The degree to which the deans of Majmaah University are practicing roaming management at Majmaah University was high. The finding also showed that there are many difficulties encountered by the university top management while the deans are practicing roaming management at Majmaah University, most prominently: the plenty of tasks assigned to the university deans, work pressures, lack of awareness of the importance of supervisory roaming. Moreover, the study findings stated some of the proposals that could contribute to enhance the roaming management practice among university leaders at Majmaah University, most notably: deans should be aware of modern supervisory methods which are based on transparency, selecting leadership competencies who have deep understanding of their role in the development of work environment. Besides, the study resutls showed that there are no statistically significant differences between the mean responses of the study participants about the degree of practicing roaming management by the deans at Majmaah University, in terms of the variables of the work nature and years of work experience in the field. While the study results showed that there are statistically significant differences at the level (0.01) between the mean responses of the study participants about the degree of practicing roaming by the deans at the Majmaah University according to the variable of training courses in favor of the participants who have completed three courses or more, and in favor of those who have completed two courses with regard to the difficulties. Finally, the findings showed that there are no statistically significant differences between the mean responses of the study participants about the proposals that would promote the practice of roaming management among the deans of Majmaah University, in terms of the special training courses in the field of roaming management.