Obstacle avoidance fuzzy system for mobile robot with IR sensors

In this paper, the development of a fuzzy logic control algorithm for walking machine leg control is presented. The planetary gear leg is designed for a quadruped which can walk and trot under the following design criteria: high efficiency, compact size and high payload/weight ratio. The inverse kinematics and dynamics of this leg are first analysed. A fuzzy logic control algorithm is then developed and implemented to control this prototype leg. The controller controls the leg using position control when the foot is in the air and force control when the foot is on the ground. This fuzzy logic control algorithm is evaluated in both simulation and experiments. A comparison of the proposed control algorithm with the conventional impedance control is given. Results show that the fuzzy logic controller is effective in controlling the leg machine.

In 2013 the Editor of Journal of Vibration and Control and SAGE became aware of a peer review ring involving assumed and fabricated identities that appeared to centre around Peter Chen at National Pingtung University of Education, Taiwan (NPUE). SAGE and the Editor then began a complex investigation into the case during the rest of 2013 and 2014. Following an unsatisfactory response from Peter Chen, NPUE was notified. NPUE were serious in addressing the Journal and SAGE’s concerns. NPUE confirmed that the institution was investigating Peter Chen. SAGE subsequently uncovered a citation ring involving the above mentioned author and others. We regret that individual authors have compromised the academic record by perverting the peer review process and apologise to readers. On uncovering problems with peer review and citation SAGE immediately put steps in place to avoid similar vulnerability of the Journal to exploitation in the future. More information may be found at www.sagepub.co.uk/JVC_Statement_2014 . The Journal and SAGE understand from NPUE that Peter Chen has resigned his post at NPUE. The following articles are retracted because after thorough investigation evidence points towards them having at least one author or being reviewed by at least one reviewer who has been implicated in the peer review ring and/or citation ring. All authors have had an opportunity to respond to the allegations and proposed actions. OnlineFirst articles (these articles will not be published in an issue) Chen CY, Chen T-H, Chen Y-H, Yu S-E and Chung P-Y (2013) Information technology system modeling an integrated C-TAM-TPB model to the validation of ocean tidal analyses Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 7 May 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312472924 Chang R-F, Chen CY, Su F-P and Lin H-C (2013) A two-step approach for broadband digital signal processing technique Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 26 April 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312472925 Chen TH, Chang CJ, Yu SE, Chung PY and Liu C-K (2013) Nonlinear information analysis and system management technique: the influence of design experience and control complexity Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 12 April 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312473321 Chen CY, Shih BY, Chen YH, Yu SE and Liu YC (2013) The exploration of a 3T flow model using vibrating NXT: II. Model validation Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 10 April 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312470481 Chen CY, Shih BY, Chen YH, Yu SE and Liu YC (2013) The exploration of 3T flow model using vibrating NXT: I. model formulation Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 6 February 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312467360 Lin M-L and Chen C-W (2013) Stability analysis of fuzzy-based NN modeling for ecosystems using fuzzy Lyapunov methods Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 6 February 2013. doi: 10.1177/1077546312466687 Chen CY, Chen TH, Chen YH and Chiu J (2012) A multi-stage method for deterministic-statistical analysis: a mathematical case and measurement studies Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 20 December 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312466579 Shih BY, Lin MC and Chen CY (2012) Autonomous navigation system for radiofrequency identification mobile robot e-book reader Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 13 December 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312466578 Chang RF, Chen CY, Su FP, Lin HC and Lu C-K (2012) Multiphase SUMO robot based on an agile modeling-driven process for a small mobile robot Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 13 December 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312464993 Shih B-Y, Lin Y-K, Cheng M-H, Chen C-Y and Chiu C-P (2012) The development of an application program interactive game-based information system Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 12 December 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312464682 Chen C-Y, Chang C-J and Lin C-H (2012) On dynamic access control in web 2.0 and cloud interactive information hub: technologies Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 12 December 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312464992 Shin BY, Chen CY and Hsu KH (2012) Robot cross platform system using innovative interactive theory and selection algorithms for Android application Journal of Vibration and Control Epub ahead of print 13 November 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312463757 Articles published in an issue Chen C-W (2014) Applications of neural-network-based fuzzy logic control to a nonlinear time-delay chaotic system Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (4): 589-605. Epub ahead of print 5 November 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312461370 Chen C-W (2014) A review of intelligent algorithm approaches and neural-fuzzy stability criteria for time-delay tension leg platform systems Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (4): 561-575. Epub ahead of print 5 November 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312463759 Chen C-Y, Chang C-J and Lin C-H (2014) On dynamic access control in web 2.0 and cloud interactive information hub: trends and theories Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (4): 548-560. Epub ahead of print 5 November 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312463762 Lin M-L and Chen C-W (2014) Stability conditions for ecosystem modeling using the fuzzy Lyapunov method Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (2): 290-302. Epub ahead of print 23 October 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312451301 Chen C-H, Kuo C-M, Hsieh S-H and Chen C-Y (2014) Highly efficient very-large-scale integration (VLSI) implementation of probabilistic neural network image interpolator Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (2): 218-224. Epub ahead of print 22 October 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312458822 Chen C-Y (2014) Wave vibration and simulation in dissipative media described by irregular boundary surfaces: a mathematical formulation Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (2): 191-203. Epub ahead of print 22 October 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312464258 Chen C-H, Yao T-K, Dai J-H and Chen C-Y (2014) A pipelined multiprocessor system- on-a-chip (SoC) design methodology for streaming signal processing Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (2): 163-178. Epub ahead of print 16 October 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312458821 Lin M-L and Chen C-W (2014) Fuzzy neural modeling for n-degree ecosystems using the linear matrix inequality approach Journal of Vibration and Control 20 (1): 82-93. Epub ahead of print 8 October 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312458533 Chen C-H, Wu W-X and Chen C-Y (2013) Ant-inspired collective problem-solving systems Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (16): 2481-2490. Epub ahead of print 18 September 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312456231 Chen C-H, Yao T-K, Kuo C-M and Chen C-Y (2013) Evolutionary design of constructive multilayer feedforward neural network Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (16): 2413-2420. Epub ahead of print 12 September 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312456726 Chen C-W (2013) Applications of the fuzzy-neural Lyapunov criterion to multiple time-delay systems Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (13): 2054-2067. Epub ahead of print 16 August 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312451034 Chung P-Y, Chen Y-H, Walter L and Chen C-Y (2013) Influence and dynamics of a mobile robot control on mechanical components Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (13): 1923-1935. Epub ahead of print 20 July 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312452184 Chen C-W (2013) Neural network-based fuzzy logic parallel distributed compensation controller for structural system Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (11): 1709-1727. Epub ahead of print 22 June 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312442233 Chen C-W, Yeh K, Yang H-C, Liu KFR and Liu C-C (2013) A critical review of structural system control by the large-scaled neural network linear-deferential-inclusion-based criterion Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (11): 1658-1673. Epub ahead of print 18 June 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312443377 Chen C-H, Kuo C-M, Chen C-Y and Dai J-H (2013) The design and synthesis using hierarchical robotic discrete-event modeling Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (11): 1603-1613. Epub ahead of print 27 June 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312449645 Chang CJ, Chen CY and Chou I-T (2013) The design of information and communication technologies: telecom MOD strength machines Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (10): 1499-1513. Epub ahead of print 27 June 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312449644 Shih B-Y, Chen C-Y, Li K-H, Wu T-Y, Chen G-Y (2013) A novel NXT control method for implementing force sensing and recycling in a training robot Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (10): 1443-1459. Epub ahead of print 1 June 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312446361 Chen C-W, Chen P-C and Chiang W-L (2013) Modified intelligent genetic algorithm-based adaptive neural network control for uncertain structural systems Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (9): 1333-1347. Epub ahead of print 31 May 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312442232 Chen C-Y, Shih B-Y, Shih C-H and Wang L-H (2013) Enhancing robust and stability control of a humanoid biped robot: system identification approach. Journal of Vibration and Control 19 (8): 1199-1207. Epub ahead of print 26 April 2012. doi: 10.1177/1077546312442947 Chang C-J, Chen C-Y and Huang C-W (2013) Applications for medical recovery using wireless control of a bluetooth ball with a hybrid G-sensor and human-computer interface technology Journal of Vi

Retraction notice

Many bridges in Taiwan have been in use from the period that Taiwan was governed by the Japanese, over 50 years ago, which is the average ultimate usable lifetime of such structures. Three-quarters of the bridges on major highways have been in use for more than 20 years and numerous bridges on country roads have also been in use for more than 20 years. In other words, most of the bridges in Taiwan are aging and may require repair or replacement. Ambient vibration tests are utilized to measure the response of old bridges, which are difficult to equip with accelerometers. The Fourier transform method is traditionally used to gain important information about ambient vibration records. However, the development of information technology over the last 20 years has meant that there are more kinds of signal management technologies, including the wavelet and Hilbert—Huang transform (HHT) methods. In this study we investigate the characteristics of aging bridges by comparison with their structural properties. We analyze their ambient vibration, and discuss the possible influence of the frequency function. Long-term environmental impacts create many structural problems, but with traditional methods examination of bridge health is difficult. Therefore, in our HHT management system, we examine destroyed bridges. The characteristics and behavior of bridges subjected to random loading can be understood by analysis with the random decrement technique and the frequency response function method.

Retraction notice

The objective of this study concerns the design and implementation of a complete intelligent mechatronic system. The basic idea uses the concept of car maneuvers; control (fuzzy logic controller) and sensor-based behaviors together merged to implement the wall-following control algorithm. The fuzzy logic control algorithm (FLC) was considered as the heart of the controller due to the advantage of its easy implementation on an FPGA (field programmable gate array). The FLC is implemented on a compact custom FPGA board, which provides a powerful reconfigurable hardware platform and software design, at the same time. Complementing the system, a CPU synthesized on the FPGA takes care of interfacing with the external world. The FPGA board and the hardware network are demonstrated in the form of a controller embedded on the prototype car for a task of wall-following and obstacle avoidance. Experimental results on a car-like robot show that the algorithm proposed can successfully navigate the robot to follow the wall in an unknown and changing environment.

The aim of this research is to control the temperature of roasting process to be stable. The temperature controller is needed in process of coffee roasting because of high and low temperature is very influential on the process. This paper presents the development of the coffee roaster machine where the temperature is controlled using fuzzy logic control algorithm. The temperature is sensed using PT100. The fuzzy control algorithm computes the controller output based on error and the rate of error. The fuzzy control algorithm is implemented using MATLAB. A PLC Omron is used and interfaced with PC Desktop, so that a real-time control can be conducted. A HMI is used so that a roaster machine operator can easily operates the machine. A complete PLC system and mechanical design are discussed in this paper. Experiments were conducted to verify the performance of the controller. From the experiment results, the desired temperature can be controlled with relatively small error, 0.52%. It can cause the temperature of the process relatively stable.

An important aspect of robotics research is that of human-robot interaction which presents the issue of cooperation between a human and a robot to allow tasks to be shared. This paper highlights on a design of robot control framework used for a human-robot cooperative object carrying task. External force/velocity control was successfully developed to make a robot capable of carrying an object together with a human safely and reliably. The main components of the system consist of a mobile robot which is Jarvis service robot developed by team Dong Yang from Prince of Songkla University, the main computer utilized for data processing and monitoring, and a multi-axis ATI gamma force-torque sensor used to detect the interactive force between human and robot. To ensure effective control, implicit velocity-based force control (external force/velocity control) was successfully implemented, and this control scheme is able to be appropriately associated with PI control and fuzzy logic control (FLC) algorithms. The stability of the system response is evaluated in terms of oscillations in the robot movements, in which the lower the variation in the robot’s movement velocity, the better the performance of the control system. The small oscillation of the robot movement was strategically evaluated in the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The results can be concluded that the performance of the robot force/velocity control based on a PI and FLC algorithms is considered acceptable for the human-robot cooperative object carrying. However, careful observation of the FFT results revealed that the proposes FLC is slightly superior to the PI controller.

This paper proposes a fuzzy logic control algorithm (FLCA) to stabilize the Rössler chaotic dynamical system. The fuzzy logic control system is based on a Takagi-Sugeno-Kang inference engine and the stability analysis in the sense of Lyapunov is carried out using Lyapunov’s direct method. The new FLCA is formulated to offer sufficient inequality stability conditions. The asymptotic complexity of our algorithm is analyzed and proved to be lower in comparison with that of linear matrix inequality-based FLCAs. A set of simulation results illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed FLCA.

The path planning and obstacle avoidance are the most important tasks for an autonomous mobile robot moving in an unknown environment. This paper presents a simple fuzzy logic controller which involves searching target and path planning with obstacle avoidance. In this contest, fuzzy logic controllers are constructed for target searching behavior and obstacle avoidance behavior based on the distance and angle between the robot and the target as inputs for the first behavior and the distance between the robot and the nearest obstacle for the second behavior; then a third fusion behavior is developed to combine the outputs of the two behaviors to compute the speed of the mobile robot in order to fulfill its task properly. Simulation results show that the proposed approach is efficient and can be applied to the mobile robots moving in unknown environments.

Network induced delay of asynchronous motor connected to Profibus-DP networks using fuzzy logic control algorithm

Greenhouse microclimate management in hot arid climates presents unique challenges requiring sophisticated control strategies that can respond to rapidly changing environmental conditions while optimizing resource utilization. This research presents the development and field validation of an automated greenhouse microclimate control system integrating wireless sensor networks with fuzzy logic control algorithms, enabling precise management of temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and carbon dioxide levels for protected cultivation under Egyptian desert conditions. The system architecture comprises 28 wireless sensor nodes distributed across a 500 square meter greenhouse, monitoring temperature and relative humidity at twelve locations, soil moisture at eight points, light intensity at four positions, and carbon dioxide concentration at four heights. ZigBee mesh networking provides reliable data transmission to a central Raspberry Pi controller implementing a Mamdani-type fuzzy inference system with 49 rules governing actuator responses for ventilation, heating, evaporative cooling, drip irrigation, shade screen positioning, and carbon dioxide enrichment. Field validation conducted over six months (October 2023 to March 2024) with tomato cultivation demonstrated substantial improvements compared to conventional thermostat-based control operating in an adjacent identical greenhouse. The fuzzy logic system achieved temperature control within ±1.2 °C of setpoint compared to ±3.5 °C for conventional control, with relative humidity maintained within ±4% versus ±12% conventionally. Water consumption decreased by 29.5% through optimized irrigation scheduling responding to actual soil moisture and evapotranspiration conditions rather than fixed time-based programs. Energy consumption for heating and ventilation decreased by 25.8% through predictive control anticipating temperature changes and avoiding oscillatory actuator cycling characteristic of on-off control. Labor requirements decreased by 40.8% through automation of routine monitoring and adjustment tasks. Most significantly, tomato yield increased by 20.5% (51.2 versus 42.5 kg/m²) with improved fruit quality grades attributed to more stable growing conditions throughout the production cycle. The economic analysis demonstrates system payback within 1.6 years through combined savings in water, energy, and labor costs plus increased crop revenue. The research establishes that fuzzy logic control integrated with wireless sensor networks provides a practical and economically viable approach to precision greenhouse management under challenging desert climate conditions, with direct applicability to Egypt's expanding protected cultivation sector.

This paper discusses the importance, the complexity and the challenges of mapping mobile robot's unknown and dynamic environment, besides the role of sensors and the problems inherited in map building. These issues remain largely an open research problems in developing dynamic navigation systems for mobile robots. The paper presenst the state of the art in map building and localization for mobile robots navigating within unknown environment, and then introduces a solution for the complex problem of autonomous map building and maintenance method with focus on developing an incremental grid based mapping technique that is suitable for real-time obstacle detection and avoidance. In this case, the navigation of mobile robots can be treated as a problem of tracking geometric features that occur naturally in the environment of the robot. The robot maps its environment incrementally using the concept of occupancy grids and the fusion of multiple ultrasonic sensory information while wandering in it and stay away from all obstacles. To ensure real-time operation with limited resources, as well as to promote extensibility, the mapping and obstacle avoidance modules are deployed in parallel and distributed framework. Simulation based experiments has been conducted and illustrated to show the validity of the developed mapping and obstacle avoidance approach.

In many applications, brushless direct current (BLDC) motor drives use fuzzy logic controllers for speed control owing to their advantages like auto-tuning of parameters, wide operational range, low computational requirements and low cost. However, the effect of different rulesets on the transient and steady-state speed Behaviour of BLDC motors has not been widely covered in the literature. The contribution of this paper includes speed characteristics of the triangular membership function (trimf) based fuzzy proportional-integral (FPI) controller is evaluated. Rulesets of 3 × 3, 5 × 5 and 7 × 7 formed using 3, 5 and 7 trimfs are compared for their Behaviour and time required for performing computations for speed benchmark of the BLDC motor used in comprehensive electric vehicle (EV) applications. The fuzzy logic control algorithm is implemented by means of Mathworks’ Fuzzy Logic Tool-set. The results are substantiated using MATLAB/Simulink. It is thereby concluded that increasing the number of membership functions improves the dynamic and steady-state behaviour of the BLDC motor.

As a kind of mobile robot, the intelligent trolley is also called a wheeled robot, and this field is the fastest growing in the current technological development. Smart trolleys have good automatic guidance functions, often used in modern logistics conveying systems. A fuzzy control algorithm has a good control effect for nonlinear systems and has a strong anti-interference ability. In order to optimize the multi-objective longitudinal following system of smart carts, therefore, this paper develops the study of fuzzy PID control algorithm for multi-objective longitudinal following of smart carts. Based on the incremental PID control, an improved PID algorithm is constructed by introducing incomplete differentiation, differential prior, and “optimal curvature” algorithm. Based on the actual control experience, the fuzzy control table is designed, and the adaptive control algorithm is obtained. Finally, the simulation results of the fuzzy PID control algorithm are tested by MATLAB/Simulink, and the most suitable fuzzy PID control algorithm for multi-objective optimal longitudinal following of intelligent carts is derived.