Oil quality from hydraulic pressed soybeans

Physicochemical properties like moisture content, density, smoke point, acid value (AV), peroxide value (PV), saponification value, iodine value were analyzed using standard methods and vitamin E by spectrophotometry to evaluate the quality of edible oils and also to select good quality oils among various brands of edible oils available in the local market of Bangladesh. In the study twelve brands of different oils were purchased from local market of Dhaka city in Bangladesh. Result revealed that Vitamin E content in various brands of soybean oil, rice bran oil, mustard oil and coconut oil were ranged between 797–915.3 ppm, 397–417 ppm, 415–443 ppm and 17–21 ppm, respectively. Highest density obtained in Health Care Mustard oil (0.96 g/ml) and lowest in Teer Soybean oil (0.90 g/ml). Coconut oil contained the greatest amount of moisture ranged from 0.15 to 0.30% followed by Mustard oil, Soybean oil and Rice Bran oil. The highest and lowest saponification value was 207.02 mg KOH/g and 168.65 mg KOH/g for Jui coconut oil and Health Care Mustard oil, respectively. It was observed that Health Care Mustard oil showed maximum (8.53 meq O2/kg) and Rupchanda Soybean oil showed minimum (0.56 meq O2/kg) peroxide value. Rupchanda Soybean oil had highest iodine value (121.49 g I2/g oil), but low in acid value (0.078 mg KOH/g). On the other hand, lowest iodine value was observed in Jui coconut oil (5.98 g I2/g oil) although it has highest acid value (17.82 mg KOH/g). Keywords: Physicochemical, spectrophotometry, edible oils, vitamin E, Bangladesh Cite this Article Nasim Talukder, Habibur Rahman, Dilruba Akter. Physicochemical Characteristics of Different Brands of Edible Oil Available in Bangladesh. Research & Reviews: Journal of Food Science and Technology . 2018; 8(3): 12–16p.

Extruded black gram flour: Partial substitute for improving quality characteristics of Indian traditional snack

BackgroundVariation in seed oil composition and content among soybean varieties is largely attributed to differences in transcript sequences and/or transcript accumulation of oil production related genes in seeds. Discovery and analysis of sequence and expression variations in these genes will accelerate soybean oil quality improvement.ResultsIn an effort to identify these variations, we sequenced the transcriptomes of soybean seeds from nine lines varying in oil composition and/or total oil content. Our results showed that 69,338 distinct transcripts from 32,885 annotated genes were expressed in seeds. A total of 8,037 transcript expression polymorphisms and 50,485 transcript sequence polymorphisms (48,792 SNPs and 1,693 small Indels) were identified among the lines. Effects of the transcript polymorphisms on their encoded protein sequences and functions were predicted. The studies also provided independent evidence that the lack of FAD2-1A gene activity and a non-synonymous SNP in the coding sequence of FAB2C caused elevated oleic acid and stearic acid levels in soybean lines M23 and FAM94-41, respectively.ConclusionsAs a proof-of-concept, we developed an integrated RNA-seq and bioinformatics approach to identify and functionally annotate transcript polymorphisms, and demonstrated its high effectiveness for discovery of genetic and transcript variations that result in altered oil quality traits. The collection of transcript polymorphisms coupled with their predicted functional effects will be a valuable asset for further discovery of genes, gene variants, and functional markers to improve soybean oil quality.

Applying organic sources has been recommended to increase soil fertility and crop growth in sustainable production systems. Less information is available on the effects of organic inputs on soybean oil quality in the presence of nano-iron chelate. Field experiments were conducted during 2012 and 2013 to investigate the impact of organic, nano- and chemical sources on oil content and fatty acid composition of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.). In split-plot arrangement of treatments, the main plots consisted of four fertilization systems: (F1): cattle manure, (F2): chemical fertilizers, (F3): cattle manure + chemical fertilizers, and (F4): control (without fertilizers). The subplots were (N1): soybean treated with nano-iron chelate fertilizer and (N2): control. Results showed that the highest oil yield was obtained in F3 treatment. The application of farmyard manure with nano-iron chelate significantly increased oleic acid compared to chemical fertilizers. The highest stearic acid and linolenic acid were observed in chemical fertilizer-contained treatments. Finally, the organic manure increased the oil quality of soybean.

The start of commercial exploitation of soybean in India is nearly four decades old. In this period, the crop has shown unparallel growth in area and production. Soybean has established itself as a major rainy season crop in the rainfed agro-ecosystem of central and peninsular India. Introduction of soybean has resulted in an enhancement in the cropping intensity and resultant increase in the profitability per unit land area. In India, soybean will continue to remain a major rainfed oilseed crop. A number of varieties that have been bred have resulted in this unprecedented growth. The simulation studies and on-farm demonstrations indicate that with current varieties, the rainfed potential of soybean in India is about 2.1 t/ha against the national average productivity of just 1.2 t/ha. Hence, large yield gaps exist between the potential and the actual yields harvested by the farmers. Narrowing of this yield gap may lead to doubling of soybean production. National Agricultural Research System has so far been successful in meeting the research demands of agrarian and industrial community. Further improvements in the yield of soybean grain and quality of soybean oil are possible by use of new research methodologies and by exploitation of recent advances in biology.

Soyflakes and soybrokens having 8% to 16% wet basis (w.b.) moisture contents were extracted for 8 h (about 50% extraction) using the azeotrope (91%) of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) at 7.75 ml/min flow rate. The moisture contents of soyflakes and soybrokens significantly affected oil recovery with IPA. Regression analysis was performed to optimize moisture contents of soyflakes and soybrokens during IPA extraction. The optimum moisture content was found to be 13.4% and 12.6% (w.b.) for soyflakes and soybrokens, respectively. Qualities of IPA-extracted oil [color and free fatty acid (FFA) content] and of de-oiled soy meal (whiteness value and crude protein content) were determined and compared with those of absolute n-hexane-extracted oil and meal at 4.15, 6.35, and 7.15 ml/min flow rates. Prior to the IPA and n-hexane extractions, soyflakes and soybrokens were hydrated to the optimum moisture content. The colors of IPA-extracted oil and soymeal were somewhat darker than those extracted by n-hexane. IPA-extracted oil had significantly lower FFA content than the n-hexane-extracted oil. De-oiled soy meals obtained from IPA extraction had lower whiteness values indicating darker color compared to n-hexane. Crude protein contents were similar in both oil and meal obtained from both solvent extraction processes.

In the present work, elephant apple powder (EAP) has been characterized as an adsorbent by analyzing its properties in Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscope, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface analyser. Furthermore, the effect of EAP on the regeneration of fried soybean oil was studied by performing frying experiments with potato chips at 180 ± 5 °C for 5 hr/day in a deep fat fryer for 5 days. Oil samples were drawn periodically for evaluating the quality parameters (free fatty acid, peroxide value, iodine value, p‐anisidine value, and total polar content). The effect of process variables (contact time, heating time, and concentration of adsorbent) on the quality parameters of the fried oil was examined using response surface methodology. Results indicated that the process variables had a significant effect on the final quality of the oil. From the study, it was revealed that the quality of fried soybean oil has improved after treating with EAP.Practical applicationsThe present work provides the useful information regarding the treatment of deep fried oil using a natural adsorbent. The method used in the work is cost‐effective and regenerates oil with good quality. The method of regeneration may be utilized by small and medium scale food processors as the process is simple. The results of this study showed that elephant apple powder can be used as an adsorbent to improve the quality parameters of deep fried soybean oil.

Qualité et stabilité de l’huile extraite par pressage des amandes de Ricinodendron heudelotii (Bail.) Pierre ex Pax pendant la conservation à température ambiante

Prevention of lipid oxidation in linseed oil using a palladium-based oxygen scavenging film

Viscosity oil index becomes the prominent indicator in the process of engine generator set lubrication. This simulation design used to inform the oil quality and switch off the generator set when the oil quality is not moderate. DC motor rotation and rotary encoder utilize as controller of oil viscosity. Optocoupler sensor is an RPM controller, LDR light sensor is an oil brightness indicator. DS18B20 sensor is the indicator of temperature when the oil work is at low state 0°C-30°C, normal 30°C-50°C and overheat condition is 50°C-100°C, microcontroller Arduino Uno and fuzzy logic as the software and android as the display. The feasibility test design of the oil generator set microcontroller base using fuzzy logic was obtained as a result of rotation viscosity, oil color, and temperature on an android display to distinguish the good oil quality, medium and moderate. Therefore, this result applies to the pre-alarm on the generator set.

The effect of rice bran extract on the quality indices, physicochemical properties and oxidative stability of soybean oil blended with various oils

The effect of expeller screw press and pre-treatments on the quality and quantity of soybean oil and cake was studied using a commercial oil expeller. The pretreatments included whole soybean crushing, soy grits crushing, and crushing of soy grits extruded at 135°C. The screw speeds were 28, 35, and 45 rpm. The moisture content of soybean used in the experiment was 10% wet basis. The average capacity of the oil expeller was found to be 145 kg/h, 110 kg/h, and 120 kg/h for whole, grits, and extrudate, respectively at 45 rpm. The average capacity of oil expression from whole soybean did not vary significantly from 28 to 45 rpm. In the case of soy grits, however, the capacity was higher when the expeller speed was lowest, i.e., 28 rpm. In the case of extrudate, even in a single pass, the recovery was higher, i.e., to 71% at both 45 and 35 rpm. The color of oil from soy grits was lighter followed by extrudate, and the color of oil obtained from whole soybean was dark. The FFA in oil from all the samples was below 1%, however the lowest percentage was for oil obtained from extrudate at 0.5%. The urease activity of the extruded cake was 0.15 pH units, and the protein and oil content were about 48% and 5%, respectively. The optimum process variables for mechanical expelling of soybean were found to be extrusion as a pretreatment and speed of expeller screw at 45 rpm, which yielded throughput capacity 103 kg/h, oil recovery of 70.5%, and urease activity of the cake at 0.15.

Technical Feasibility of Aqueous Extraction of Rapeseed Oil-A Laboratory Study

To test the feasibility and assess the preliminary impact of a unique statewide quality improvement (QI) training program designed for public health departments. One hundred and ninety-five public health employees/managers from 38 local health departments throughout Minnesota were selected to participate in a newly developed QI training program and 65 of those engaged in and completed eight expert-supported QI projects over a period of 10 months from June 2007 through March 2008. As part of the Minnesota Quality Improvement Initiative, a structured distance education QI training program was designed and deployed in a first large-scale pilot. To evaluate the preliminary impact of the program, a mixed-method evaluation design was used based on four dimensions: learner reaction, knowledge, intention to apply, and preliminary outcomes. Subjective ratings of three dimensions of training quality were collected from participants after each of the scheduled learning sessions. Pre- and post-QI project surveys were administered to collect participant reactions, knowledge, future intention to apply learning, and perceived outcomes. Monthly and final QI project reports were collected to further inform success and preliminary outcomes of the projects. The participants reported (1) high levels of satisfaction with the training sessions, (2) increased perception of the relevance of the QI techniques, (3) increased perceived knowledge of all specific QI methods and techniques, (4) increased confidence in applying QI techniques on future projects, (5) increased intention to apply techniques on future QI projects, and (6) high perceived success of, and satisfaction with, the projects. Finally, preliminary outcomes data show moderate to large improvements in quality and/or efficiency for six out of eight projects. QI methods and techniques can be successfully implemented in local public health agencies on a statewide basis using the collaborative model through distance training and expert facilitation. This unique training can improve both core and support processes and lead to favorable staff reactions, increased knowledge, and improved health outcomes. The program can be further improved and deployed and holds great promise to facilitate the successful dissemination of proven QI methods throughout local public health departments.

Partially defatted chia flour (PDCF) is a by-product of oil extraction from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.). It may be used as an ingredient to improve food products, especially due to its antioxidant properties. In this work, we studied the best screw press extraction conditions that allow preserving the antioxidant properties of PDCF. A central composite design was applied to perform a response surface analysis in order to optimize the oil extraction. The variables considered for optimization were seed moisture content and pressing temperature. Besides the oil quality indicators, the study was focused on the assessment of PDCF properties, including total polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity determined by chemical methods. Our results show that, within the range of screw press conditions evaluated, the chemical quality of the oil and the antioxidant properties of PDCF are both preserved. The best results (highest oil yield and stability) were obtained under a seed moisture content of 10.2% and a pressing temperature of 58.5°C. In general, our results indicate that screw press methodology can be applied to process chia seeds, using a wide range of conditions, to concurrently produce good quality oil and a PDCF with beneficial properties.