Passivity-based control of four-phase interleaved PFC based on EL model

Wireless charger for Electric Vehicles (EVs) is an off-line application and it needs power factor correction (PFC) function, which usually consists of a front-end boost PFC and a cascaded DC/DC converter. Z-source resonant converter (ZSRC), a single-stage solution with low cost and high efficiency, was proposed for EV wireless charger lately. The Z-source capacitors in the ZSRC are designed to absorb the double line frequency ripple in this single-phase application. Sinusoidal charging, which allows the double line frequency ripple to propagate to the output, is another solution aiming at reducing the bulky capacitors. Recently, a comparison of low frequency (120 Hz) sinusoidal charging and DC charging shows negligible impact on Li-ion batteries' performance. Therefore, ZSRC's capacitor, the biggest component, can be reduced dramatically from millifarad to several microfarads with sinusoidal charging technique, which features the ZSRC high power density. Also, it keeps the Z-source's benefit of boost ability and being immune to shoot-through problems. In this paper, the sinusoidal charging behavior for the ZSRC is modeled, and a control scheme that has both PFC function and load regulation for sinusoidal charging is proposed. It can pass IEC61000-3-2 Class A criterion. Experimental results based on a 1-kW prototype with 20-cm air gap between the primary and secondary side are presented to illustrate the proposed control scheme.

An AC -DC converter with power factor correction (PFC) function is proposed in this paper. In the proposed converter, the boost PFC stage and the active-clamp DC-DC converter stage are merged into a single converter to reduce the overall cost and improve the power density. An active-clamp DC-DC converter stage can suppress the switch voltage stresses and provide zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) operation of the switches. The boost converter in PFC stage operates in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) and it provides naturally high power factor. Due to the ZVS operation, the switching losses of the proposed converter are significantly reduced and the efficiency is improved. Steady-state analysis is performed. Simulation results are also provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed converter.

Interleaved Power Factor Correction (PFC) has become a most popular topology from efficiency and power density point of view over single-switch boost PFC. The dependency of the Differential Model (DM) Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) noise magnitude on input current ripple leads to investigate the influence of the interleaved technique on EMI noise. Hence, this paper provides a comprehensive investigation for the design of DM EMI filter a single-phase interleaved PFC targeting to minimize component size. It is shown how different operation modes (continuous and discontinuous conduction mode) and switching frequency may influence the required filter attenuation and, consequently, the EMI filter size. Furthermore, the impact of the number of interleaved stages and optimal phase shifting on the required filter attenuation is analyzed. Finally, the influence of optimal phase shifting achieve an overall minimum EMI filter corner frequency is discussed. Experimental results from a 2 kW interleaved single-phase boost PFC converter validate the effectiveness of the proposed optimal phase shifting method.

Dynamic response of boost power factor correction (PFC) converter operating in continuous-conduction mode (CCM) is heavily influenced by low-bandwidth of voltage control loop. A novel tri-state boost PFC converter operating in pseudo-continuous-conduction mode (PCCM) is proposed in this paper. An additional degree of control-freedom introduced by a freewheeling switching control interval helps to achieve PFC control. A simple and fast voltage control loop can be used to maintain a constant output voltage. Furthermore, compared with boost PFC converter operating in conventional discontinuous-conduction mode (DCM), boost PFC converter operating in PCCM demonstrates greatly improved current handling capability with reduced current and voltage ripples. Analytical and simulation results of the tri-state boost PFC converter have been presented and compared with those of the boost PFC converter operating in conventional CCM and DCM. Simulation results show excellent dynamic performance of the tri-state boost PFC converter.

For the purpose of improving the performances of T-type neutral point clamped (T-NPC) photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected inverter under large grid, a passivity-based decoupling control scheme is proposed in this paper. First, the Euler-Lagrange (EL) mathematical model of a T-NPC PV grid-connected inverter with an LC filter is built based on the power circuit and operating principles. Second, with this EL mathematical model and passivity of the inverter, the passivity-based controller is designed by the damping injecting method. Third, by adopting a proportional integral regulator to directly control direct current (dc) voltage, together with passivity-based indirect control, better performances of the dc voltage control can be further obtained. With the proposed passivity-based controller, the PV grid-connected inverter can achieve both dynamic current decoupling under the synchronous rotating dq coordinate and dc side voltage dynamic decoupling, which can improve the quality of the current connected into the power grid. The passivity-based PV grid-connected inverter is with strong robustness against parameters perturbations of resistors and attenuating the influence of delay in the inverter. Moreover, the passivity-based decoupling control scheme proposed in this paper for the T-NPC PV grid-connected inverter has a simple structure, and is easily debugged and realized in engineering. Experimental results under 10-kW prototype show that the proposed control scheme is effective.

Constant frequency controllers designed for continuous conduction mode (CCM) give poor efficiency and power factor at light load in power factor correctors (PFCs) of computer and server power supplies. With the increasing efficiency and power factor requirements at light load demanded by energy saving programs, a multimode digital control scheme that provides higher efficiency and power factor at light load without additional and costly external components is proposed. The CCM-DCM control of the multimode control scheme reduces RMS current drawn from the AC mains by ensuring good input current shaping in both CCM and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), leading to higher efficiency and power factor at light load. It is computationally simple as compared to other CCM-DCM control schemes. The no load control of the multimode control scheme reduces constant losses at very light load by turning the PFC on and off to regulate the output voltage within a hysteresis band. Compared to other on-off control schemes, a small load jump is sufficient to exit the proposed no load control scheme, allowing a smooth transition between the no load control and the CCM-DCM active mode control.

A voltage‐controlled canonical switching cell‐derived DC–DC converter with improved power quality feeding a variable speed permanent magnet brushless direct current (PMBLDC) motor‐drive system for home appliances, is presented in this study. The converter is operating in the continuous conduction mode (CCM). This converter has less stress on the converter devices due to CCM of operation. A single converter is used for both the power factor correction (PFC) and the speed control of the drive, thus reducing the number of elements in the system. The speed control, along with PFC in this system is achieved via a PI controller having speed reference as an input. This system is capable of providing the low speed to rated speed operation while maintaining a unity power factor. The Hall‐effect sensor‐based electronic commutation of a PMBLDC motor‐drive is implemented at the fundamental frequency. This significantly improves efficiency by reducing the switching losses of the voltage source inverter. A prototype of it is developed in the laboratory for implementation of the scheme. Simulated and real‐time experimental results of the scheme are presented here for performance validation at various dynamic and steady‐state operating conditions.

In order to improve the performance of the dual-PWM converter when the amplitude of voltage changes, three-phase voltage source with additional disturbance is applied to represent the voltage generated by direct-driven wind power system. This paper presents a passivity-based control method based on Euler-Lagrange (EL) model. According to the topology of the dual-PWM converter, the EL models of machine side rectifier and grid side inverter in the dq coordinate are set up respectively. Based on EL models, this paper designs two controllers which are injected damping in form of dissipative matrix, and the DC side voltage is controlled by PI controller. This method can make the currents and voltages of AC side achieve synchronization, the voltage of DC side can tracking the desired value quickly, the unity power factor can also be achieved. The simulation results show that the method of passivity-based control combined with PI control is feasible.

This article deals about the MATLAB/Simulink study of Proportional Integral (PI) controller Plus Hysteresis Current Controller (HCC) for variable speed Power Factor Correction (PFC) Super Lift Luo Converter (SLLC) fed sensor less BLDC motor drive. In this study, a PFC SLLC functioned in continuous conduction mode (DCM) to provide proficient PFC at supply A.C mains. The major benefits of the proposed model have purging of front-side diode bridge rectifier that can help to minimize the switching losses connected with it, speed regulation is done without sensing speed feed-back of BLDC motor and achieve excellent PFC. In this article PI controller and HCC are designed for SLLC fed motor drive for regulating the output voltage of SLLC and controlling current of SLLC which results in improving PFC at supply mains. The recital of the designed model is verified at various working conditions by building of simulation software models. The responses are addressed to confirm the worth of the developed model.

In this paper, a series-capacitor-based interleaving buck power factor correction (PFC) converter is proposed, the intermediate energy storage capacitance of which is operated at discontinuous capacitor voltage mode (DCVM), and automatic power factor (PF) correction for this converter is obtained. Moreover, the voltage across the series capacitor of the proposed PFC converter is clamped at the input voltage, and thus peak voltage stress existed in the traditional DCVM buck PFC could be relieved. By effectively regulating the charge/discharge time for the series capacitor, ultrahigh step-down conversion ratio of the proposed converter is achieved, the conversion ratio of which is independent of the duty cycle and only related to the switching frequency and circuit parameters. Therefore, high PF can be obtained due to very narrow deadtime of the input current. Meanwhile, the proposed PFC converter can realize the soft turn- on of part power switch and soft turn- off of part power diodes. In addition, comparing with the traditional discontinuous inductor current mode PFC, the input current of the proposed PFC converter is continuous so that the peak value and root-mean-square value of input current can be reduced. The operational principle, performance analysis, and parameter design principle are given in this paper. The analysis results show that the PF and total harmonic distortion are also independent of the duty cycle. Finally, a 220-Vac input, 60 W/15 V output experimental prototype is built to verify the validity of the theoretical analysis.

This paper provides a novel soft-switching half-bridge power factor corrector (PFC) with output voltage balance control using zero-current-switching (ZCS) auxiliary resonant circuits. In proposed soft-switching PFC, ZCS's on the active switches are achieved without additional current stress. The steady-state analysis is performed for operation illustration and the small-signal analysis is also built up for output regulation control. An average-current-mode for power factor correction is utilized to control the proposed soft-switching half-bridge PFC in the continuous conduction mode. The balance control technique is designed to overcome the two output capacitor voltage imbalance that is inherent in half-bridge topology. The operational principles, design considerations and realizations are discussed and verified. The prototype specification of the proposed soft-switching half-bridge PFC is rated at 400W and operates at 30kHz, with an input ac voltage of 110V rms and a regulated output voltage 400V dc , for experiments to verify the theoretic analysis.

A three-phase welding inverter power supply (WIPS) with power factor correction (PFC) function is proposed to deal with the input current distortion problem that baffled WIPS application for several years. In this paper, a switch-rectifier is used and controlled by a digital signal processor (DSP) based on space vector modulation (SVM) to replace diode-rectifier of the conventional WIPS. The control strategy to realize PFC function in WIPS is studied. A new two-mode work scheme is proposed to overcome the problems brought by switch-rectifier when WIPS work in open-load period. A new WIPS device with PFC function is constructed and experimented to confirm the validity.

Boost converter is the most popular topology in power factor corrector (PFC), which contains a switch and a diode. However the reverse recovery characteristic of silicon material diode enlarges the turning-on power losses of switch. In this paper, a novel passive lossless snubber based on magnetic coupling is proposed for continuous conduction mode (CCM) PFC, which is consisted of a winding coupled with boost inductor, one snubber inductor, one snubber capacitor and three additional diodes. Furthermore, the snubber inductor is aimed at limiting the peak reverse recovery current of diode, breaking down the clamping relationship of switch and minimizing the switch turning-on power losses greatly. The energy stored in snubber is transferred to the load by energy exchange. The coupling wingding can help the snubber inductor realizing energy reset more easily and the ranges of soft switching are expanded. Besides, the introduction of the snubber does not introduce the excess voltage stress to the switch, and the performance and efficiency of PFC are significantly improved.

Front end PFC (power factor correction) boost ac-dc converter is an intrinsic part of applications like telecom servers, electric vehicle (EV) charging, and microgrids. In this paper a bridgeless PFC boost rectifier with two dc/dc boost circuits topology is employed to convert universal ac input to a fixed and regulated output dc voltage. High efficiency and power density are key figure-of-merits of boost PFC ac-dc converters. In this converter the conduction losses are reduced owing to the bridgeless topology and the boost diode reverse recovery is eliminated using MOSFETs for synchronous rectification. The converter operates in continuous conduction mode (CCM), at a switching frequency of 500 kHz. At high switching frequency and at CCM, soft-switching is necessary, therefore a passive auxiliary circuit is used to achieve zero voltage switching (ZVS). In order to increase the power density, the boost and the auxiliary inductors are magnetically coupled with a very low coupling coefficient. This coupling reduces the volume of the magnetics, although there is some loss due to the additional circulating current resulting from the coupling, however this loss is not that significant. Although passive auxiliary circuit adds more components, however at 500 kHz switching frequency these passive components do not occupy significant space. The soft-switching improves the efficiency and reduces EMI noise and cooling requirements. The detailed analysis, design and simulation results using PSIM are provided to validate the theoretical claims.

Power factor correction (PFC) is an effective method to reduce harmonic current in power grid. A novel boost high power factor rectifier with UCC28019 is proposed. The UCC28019 8-pin active Power Factor Correction controller uses the boost topology operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM). It does not need multipliers. The use of the IC will make the PFC circuit design easily and the volume of the rectifier small. The fundamental principle of the proposed rectifier is introduced. Its sections such as current loop and over-current protection, voltage loop and over-voltage protection, and so on, are analyzed and designed respectively in detail. Experimental results of the designed 350W prototype prove that the boost high power factor rectifier is rational and reliable, its power factor can reach 0.992, and its application prospect is wide.