Peace and Development: A Strategy for Global Engagement

This study offers a comparative analysis of Singapore and Lebanon’s progress towards the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Singapore, a high-income island city-state, has demonstrated significant advancement due to its stable political environment, strong institutions, long-term strategic planning, and sustained economic prosperity. Ranking 65th globally in the 2024 Sustainable Development Report, Singapore has made good or fair progress in over half of the SDG targets, particularly in Good Health and Well-being (SDG 3), Quality Education (SDG 4), Affordable and Clean Energy (SDG 7), and Sustainable Cities and Communities (SDG 11). However, it still faces challenges in areas such as Decent Work and Economic Growth (SDG 8), Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure (SDG 9), and Responsible Consumption and Production (SDG 12), along with data gaps. In stark contrast, Lebanon, a middle-income nation, faces immense challenges that have significantly hindered its SDG progress. Ranking 110th globally in the 2024 Sustainable Development Report, Lebanon grapples with poverty (SDG 1), hunger (SDG 2), a strained healthcare system (SDG 3), a severe energy crisis (SDG 7), high unemployment (SDG 8), and damaged infrastructure (SDG 9). Persistent political instability, weak governance, recurring economic crises, and the enduring impact of internal and external conflicts, including the Syrian refugee crisis, have severely impeded Lebanon’s ability to achieve the SDGs. To make substantial progress, Lebanon requires fundamental legal and political reforms to address deep-rooted systemic issues hindering its development.

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), established in 2015, are binding targets for monitoring the sustainable status of all countries in the world. Developing localized SDGs indicator systems, assessing SDGs progress comprehensively, and creating policy tools have gradually become the hotspots of scientific research and practical application of the SDGs. To systematically sort out the research status of the SDGs progress and identify problematic gaps, this paper uses bibliometric methods to analyse the scientific knowledge mapping of SDGs research, sort out the general characteristics, scientific cooperation, cutting-edge hotspots and future research trends of SDGs research. Besides, this paper promotes the integration of academic research into concrete practice by linking it to mainstream SDGs progress reports. The results show that: ① The amount of SDGs research literature in 2015–2022 is on a growing trend, and the existing research is characterised by multidisciplinary crossover. Research institutions such as Utrecht University, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have contributed the most to SDGs research. ② The research hotspots include the SDGs practice of different responsible subjects, the comprehensive assessment of the progress of SDGs, the scientific research of SDGs indicators, and the research on the interaction between the goals of SDGs. ③ Environmental issues, indicators, energy transition, education and agriculture are the hot directions of SDGs research. Energy saving and carbon reduction, sustainable practices of supply chain management, and promoting the progress of environmental dimension goals are the focus of subsequent research. According to the results of the bibliometric analysis, future SDGs research should pay attention to strengthening multi-party cooperation, using innovative technologies to support the assessment of SDGs progress, and formulating sustainable development strategies.

<p>The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) are a set of 17 goals that was released by the United Nations (UN) in 2015. Each goal has a target figure that countries and, ideally, the world should aim to reach in order to create sustainability within that sector for current and future generations. Seven years after the SDGs were released, thousands of studies and academic articles have promoted the SDGs, as well as regular updates that have been released by the UN on goal progress specific to each country. In addition, multiple studies have highlighted synergies and tradeoffs between SDGs that have the potential to significantly influence goal completion (Biggeri et. Al, 2019; Moyer & Bohl, 2019; Jose-Serrano, 2022; Zhao et. al, 2021). With this information in mind, this study aims to conduct a large-scale network analysis of research articles concerning SDG progress to answer the following questions: Which SDGs receive the most attention from researchers? What are the perceptions in academia regarding the synergies/ trade-offs between the SDGs? The network analysis will be conducted using the search engine SCOPUS resulting in hundreds of retrieved papers for each category within the SDGs. Results from this study will be compared to current SDG progress and known synergies and tradeoffs within the SDGs in order to determine how the perception of the SDGs compare with research conclusions and known SDG goal progress. This information will serve as an indication of which goals, synergies, or tradeoffs researchers and industries are aware of and readily researching and which of these categories needs more attention within academic circles. The ultimate goal for this research is that the results can be used as a tool to advocate for what SDG research is most needed in order for SDG goals to reach completion by 2030.</p>

Transboundary impacts on SDG progress across Chinese cities: A spatial econometric analysis

Ecosystem carbon sequestration service (ECSS) is the benefits humans derive from the ecosystem carbon sequestration process, which is key to regulating climate, stabilising the natural foundation for development, and supporting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) achievement. However, how ECSS contributes to the SDGs still needs to be discovered. Here, based on downscaling localisation SDG indicators, regression methods, and mechanism analysis, we identified the contribution of ECSS to the SDGs, taking China’s Loess Plateau (LP) region as an example. The results showed that the LP made higher progress on resource and environmental SDGs, such as SDGs 13, 12, 6, and 7 (climate, consumption and production, water, and energy) in the last two decades. As for the relationships between ECSS and SDGs, the progress of SDGs 6, 7, 13 and 15 (water, energy, climate, and ecosystems) showed positive linear responses to ECSS. The response of SDGs 1, 4, 8, and 12 (poverty reduction, education, economic growth, and consumption and production) to ECSS showed a threshold when the standardised ECSS value was 0.11. To improve ECSS for a more sustainable ecological foundation underpinning the SDGs, ECSS management should be improved to protect the ecosystem carbon pool and improve carbon sequestration function, as well as to promote the social-ecological co-benefits. This work links carbon sequestration service to sustainable development and can help in leveraging nature’s contributions towards carbon neutrality and the 2030 Agenda.

Open educational resources (OER) and some of the United Nations sustainable development goals

This article analyses sustainable development goals based on selected indicators to capture the progress of SDGs among the South Asian countries. The selected indicators are used to explore countries achievements of SDGs since its adoption in 2015 and challenges of achieving specific SDG. This study adopts various methods including trend analysis, ranking and comparative analysis to analyse the progress of SDGs among the countries. The findings reveal that although SDG1 is progressing, still one third of the world poor population lives in south Asia where India (37.2%) was found highest poverty headcount based on $3.20/day followed by Nepal (33.4%) and Bangladesh (33.2%). The findings also portray that majority south Asian countries spend less than 4% of their GDP on education and health which hindrances the progress of SDG indicators. Moreover, many countries are still far reaching from the environmental sustainability indicators such as CO2 emission per capita, air pollution and forest coverage. Overall, though the countries have achieved some positive progress in particular SDG but majority SDGs including 1, 5, 8, 11, 14-17 remain challenges for achieving the target. Therefore, this study suggests to promote policies and initiatives targeting specific SDG by the countries for achieving the SDGs by 2030.

Achieving the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030 remains a significant challenge, with 30% of targets showing no progress, regression, or severe deviations. Life Cycle Thinking (LCT) is a valuable method for monitoring and accelerating progress toward sustainable development by evaluating systems, processes, or products from environmental, economic, and societal perspectives. This work provides insights for integrating SDGs into LCT and advancing sustainability science. The study utilized bibliometric analysis of 21,783 publications from 2013 to 2022 to map LCT research to SDGs. It introduces a novel framework for integrating the SDGs into LCT studies, allowing for comprehensive assessments across environmental, societal, and economic dimensions. Thematic analysis identified five main areas of focus: waste management, infrastructure, agriculture, energy transitions, and integrated approaches to sustainable development. The highest emphasis was on SDGs 7 (Affordable Energy), 8 (Decent Work), 9 (Industry and Innovation), 12 (Responsible Consumption), and 13 (Climate Action). The study identified key institutions, journals, and countries contributing significantly to achieving SDGs through LCA and discussed future research topics with potential for shaping strategies towards a sustainable future. This research highlights innovation and evidence-based solutions in critical areas such as clean energy, sustainable urban development, and environmental conservation towards addressing SDGs. The prominence analysis revealed 23 topical clusters, with significant contributions in energy, construction, and pollution control aligning with multiple SDGs. However, the need for collaborative research and policy-making is evident in clusters like corporate social responsibility, supply chains, and air quality, which currently have fewer mappings to SDGs.

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development provided brand new goals and action targets for human well-being and development, but the COVID-19 pandemic has cast a shadow on the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It is therefore essential to provide a reference for making policy adjustments and transformations to promote the realization of SDGs in the post-pandemic era. Based on a literature review of the progress and policies of SDGs across countries worldwide, we find that research on sustainable policies has rapidly increased since the SDGs issued in 2015 with particular focuses on eco-environment, sustainable policies, green economy, sanitation and health, and water sanitation. Most countries are in the process of nationalization, institutionalization, and universalization of the SDGs through incorporating the SDGs into national development frameworks, enabling extensive participation and negotiation mechanisms, and promoting the SDGs’ national publicity. Countries of different economic and institutional backgrounds demonstrate divergent development pathways, priorities, measures, and progress in the implementation of SDGs. Despite significant global progress during the last five years, the North–South divide emerges in the policy action and achievement of SDGs. The least developed countries in sub-Sahara Africa and South Asia appear to be difficult or even unable to implement the SDGs and monitor the progress. In the post-pandemic era, particular attention shall be given to integrating SDGs and achieve synergy among goals, concretizing short-and medium-term priorities toward the SDGs targets for all countries, strengthening multilateralism and global cooperation among countries and continents, providing reliable data and approaches for real-time impact assessment and process monitoring, and promoting an inclusive engagement and integrative implementation with multiple stakeholders and consortiums.

Background Participation in society is the cornerstone to living a meaningful, connected, and healthy life. Persons with complex communication needs, however, often have restricted opportunities to participate in everyday contexts and situations. Reasons for this include societal attitudinal barriers, as well as limited knowledge and skills about augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) to enhance participation. Enhancing participation of persons with complex communication needs requires a holistic and multi-faceted approach. The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with their disability-inclusive agenda provide an impetus for shaping the approach of the Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication (CAAC) in enhancing participation of persons with complex communication needs in South Africa. Purpose This paper aims to provide a reflective description and application of the work conducted by the CAAC in addressing the SDGs in South Africa. Result Research and training conducted by the CAAC is shown to be aligned to five SDGs, namely zero hunger (SDG 2), good health and well-being (SDG 3), quality education (SDG 4), decent work and economic growth (SDG 8) and peace, justice, and strong institutions (SDG 16), with a focus on reaching these goals in order to benefit persons with complex communication needs. Conclusion The paper demonstrates that, despite some gains in addressing the SDGs, research and clinical practice still needs to be on these and the remaining SDGs. Furthermore, there is a need to also find ways to integrate the SDGs to ensure participation of persons with complex communication needs in major life activities and society.

Purpose: To systematically review and synthesize existing empirical evidence on the multifaceted impacts of cryptocurrency integration on economic development and stability, aiming to determine whether its proliferation is predominantly beneficial or detrimental to sustainable economic systems. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The Scopus database was searched for empirical articles published between 2010 and 2024, focusing on keywords related to cryptocurrencies, economic development, economic growth, financial stability, financial risks, and financial inclusion. A multi-stage filtering process led to the inclusion of 21 relevant research articles. Results: The review reveals a predominant consensus (52.4% of reviewed articles) that cryptocurrency integration has a negative impact on economic growth and stability, primarily due to volatility, systemic risks, and its use in illicit activities. While some studies highlight potential for financial inclusion (e.g., SME financing) and as a hedge in specific contexts, the broader findings point to significant challenges for monetary policy, regulatory oversight, and conventional banking paradigms. The theoretical contribution: This study consolidates fragmented research into a coherent overview, highlighting the complex and often contradictory effects of cryptocurrencies. It contributes to understanding the challenges digital currencies pose to traditional economic theories and models of financial stability, particularly within the context of achieving sustainable development. Practical implications: The findings urge policymakers to develop robust, globally coordinated regulatory frameworks to mitigate systemic risks, combat financial crime, and protect consumers. Financial institutions must adapt their risk management strategies to accommodate digital assets. The study also highlights the importance of public financial literacy programs regarding cryptocurrency risks and advocates for considering the impacts of cryptocurrency in broader economic and sustainable development planning. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth; SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure; SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities; SDG 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions.

This article explores the critical role of education in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with a particular focus on SDG 4: Quality Education. Through an analysis of the challenges and opportunities inherent in the current educational landscape, this paper highlights the need for innovative, inclusive, and contextually appropriate educational strategies. The discussion extends to the impact of education on other key SDGs, including SDG 13: Climate Action, SDG 16: Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions, and SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth. Drawing on a conceptual and literature-based analysis of interdisciplinary scholarship in education, development studies, and public policy, the article argues that education’s impact on sustainable development is contingent upon the alignment between pedagogical approaches and the socio-economic, cultural, institutional, and technological contexts in which learning takes place.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the contribution of Regional Development Banks (BPDs) to Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) and poverty reduction in Indonesia during the 2014–2023 period, with a focus on the role of third-party funds (DPK) and loan disbursement as financial intermediation mechanisms. The study is framed within the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 1 (No Poverty), SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), and SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities). Theoretical Framework: Grounded in the theory of financial intermediation and regional economic development, this study employs both supply-leading and demand-following approaches. Concepts of financial assets and macroeconomic indicators are used to explain the relationships among financial intermediation, economic performance, and poverty outcomes. Method: Using a quantitative approach, panel data from 34 provinces were analyzed through regression to assess the influence of DPK, total assets, and total loan on GRDP and poverty levels. Data were sourced from the Indonesia Financial Services Authority (OJK), Statistics Indonesia (BPS), and BPDs financial reports (2014–2023). Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that DPK positively influences loan distribution, while total assets show no significant effect. BPD loans have a positive impact on regional economic growth and contribute to poverty reduction. Economic growth also plyas a significant role in decreasing poverty, hihglighting the strategic role of BPDs in promoting inclusive and sustainable regional development in line with SDG targets. Research Implications: This study supports the institutional strengthening and digital transformation of BPDs to enhance financial efficiency, inclusion, and their contribution to sustainable development. The results offer policy insights for aligning regional banking practices with Indonesia’s national development agenda and the global SDGs framework. Originality/Value: This research presents comprehensive empirical evidence from all Indonesian provinces, revealing the causal relationships between BPD performance, economic growth, and poverty alleviation. By situating these findings within the SDGs context, the study contributes to the discourse on the role of subnational financial institutions in sustainable regional development.

This research develops a mathematical model to explore the complex dynamics linking healthcare, environmental sustainability, and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Using fractional calculus with Caputo derivatives, the model captures the intertwined nature of these systems. It analyzes relationships among health status, healthcare economics, public awareness, and SDG progress over time, offering a comprehensive framework for these global challenges. Through detailed simulations, the study reveals dynamic feedback loops and time-dependent effects, highlighting system complexity. Calibrating fractional order parameters clarifies each variable's influence, enhancing understanding of overall dynamics. The results provide valuable insights for policymakers and researchers, supporting efforts toward a healthier, sustainable future. This work advances mathematical modeling in interdisciplinary fields and lays a foundation for future studies addressing global sustainability challenges.

Research background: The realization of United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 8 hinges on the sustained growth of both the economy and the global employment outlook. In order to ensure progress in fostering inclusive and equitable growth and employment opportunities, it is essential to undertake a comprehensive analysis of the SDG findings across all relevant subtargets. Purpose of the article: This study provides an in-depth analysis of the research surrounding SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), emphasizing its pivotal role in sustainable development. Methods: Utilizing the PRISMA framework and BERTopic method, it explores the intricate interconnections between SDG 8 and other goals, such as reducing inequalities (SDG 10), clean energy (SDG 7), climate action (SDG 13), poverty alleviation (SDG 1), and innovation and infrastructure (SDG 9). Findings & value added: The findings emphasize the importance of subtarget 8.1 (sustained per capita growth) and subtarget 8.5 (full employment and decent work for all). Additionally, the study underscores the need for policies supporting resource efficiency and sustainable consumption (subtarget 8.4), while green innovation and the digital economy are strongly linked to subtarget 8.2 (enhanced productivity through technological upgrading). Ensuring that economic growth is inclusive and equitable, as outlined in subtarget 8.3, is crucial for reducing inequalities. Policymakers must balance economic growth with environmental sustainability, promoting decent work conditions (subtarget 8.8) and adopting green technologies. These findings offer valuable insights for advancing SDG 8, ensuring that economic progress benefits all segments of society while safeguarding natural resources and fostering long-term prosperity.