Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction for Selective Mapping using Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm in Wavelet Packet Modulation

One major drawback of OFDM is the large Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR). OFDM is a linear modulation, therefore large PAPR requires large linear dynamic range of the transmitter (TX) as well as the receiver (RX) paths. The weak point in the TX-RX chain is the Power Amplifier (PA). As known, a linear PA which is able to amplify signals with large PAPR has to have a large dynamic range that results with low power efficiency, thus by reducing PAPR one may improve the efficiency of PA. A PAPR reducing method in OFDM, based on SeLective Mapping (SLM) is considered. As known, SLM requires transmitting a Side Information (SI). Increasing the SLM order reduces the PAPR but increases the size of SI. In order to transmit the SI some power and bandwidth are needed, those are taken from the total power and bandwidth budget and thus lowering the capacity. On the other hand the reduced PAPR improves the PA efficiency, thus increases the channel capacity. Accordingly maximal value of channel capacity is expected as well as an optimal SLM order.

In this research, a selective mapping (SLM) technique using the Walsh Hadamard (WH) matrix, the Riemann matrix, and the new enhanced Riemann matrix were introduced to reduce the peak to average power ratio (PAPR) of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing based differential chaos shift keying (OFDM-DCSK). Using a new algorithm to reduce the size of the Riemann matrix, which in turn enhances the computational complexity of the SLM system without affecting the performance of PAPR in the main method. The simulation results show that the SLM technique using the Riemann matrix gives better PAPR performance than WH and conventional techniques by gaining about (6.3, 6.15) dB, respectively, for complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF)=10-3 and the number of candidates U=16. Also, the results show that the SLM technique based enhanced Riemann matrix gives a reduction in computational complexity by reducing the number of candidates U to 4, while maintaining the same PAPR performance.

Cognitive radio (CR) is considered nowadays as a strong candidate solution for the spectrum scarcity problem. On standards level, many cognitive radio standards have chosen Non-Contiguous Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (NC-OFDM) as their modulation scheme. Similar to OFDM, NC-OFDM suffers from the problem of having a high Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR). If not solved, either the transmitted signal will be distorted, which will cause interference to primary (licensed) users, or the effeciency of the power amplifier will be seriously degraded. The effect of the PAPR problem in NC-OFDM based cognitive radio networks is worse than normal OFDM systems. In this paper, we propose enhanced techniques to reduce the PAPR in NC-OFDM systems. We start by showing that combining two standard PAPR reduction techniques (interleaver-based and selective mapping) results in a lower PAPR than using them individually. Then, an “adaptive number of interleavers” will be proposed that achieves the same performance of conventional interleaver-based PAPR reduction while reducing the CPU time by 41.3%. Finally, adaptive joint interleaver with selective mapping is presented, and we show that it gives the same performance as conventional interleaver-based technique, with reduction in CPU time by a factor of 50.1%.

An efficient SLM technique based on migrating birds optimization algorithm with cyclic bit flipping mechanism for PAPR reduction in UFMC waveform

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is the advanced transmission scheme utilized in 4G. Nevertheless, it has several shortcomings like guard band, peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), high power consumption, incapable to accommodate various other devices (an IOT application). Hence, OFDM cannot be considered in 5G due to the several disadvantages mentioned above. Filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC) is believed to be one of the most promising technologies which can be used in 5G. FBMC and OFDM are multi-carrier system. It is obvious that it agonizes from PAPR which hamper the efficiency of the system. The conventional peak reduction methods utilized in OFDM cannot be used in FBMC due to the overlapping structure of FBMC. In this work, a novel selective mapping (SLM) and partial transmit sequence (PTS) PAPR reduction technique is suggested for FBMC. The proposed techniques are implemented by using an elementary successive optimization technique that upsurge the PAPR performance and ensure the design difficulty is taken low. PAPR and bit error rate (BER) parameters are analyzed and simulated for the proposed and conventional PAPR reduction techniques. The simulation results show that the SLM and PTS accomplished an excellent PAPR reduction up to 2.8 and 4.8 dB as compared to other peak power minimization techniques.

OFDM has Major disadvantage is that it leads to high Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) which is consider to be as the main implementation drawback. In this paper we are discussing about PAPR which affects the performance and efficiency of Power Amplifier (PA) and its influence by utilizing the Selective Mapping (SLM) technique in OFDM system for reduction of PAPR. the idea for improved SLM produces several independent signals based on converting the original data lock into many independent signal and then the signal has lowest PAPR that specific signal is transmitted. Also data rate trade-off exist at the receiver end when side information is detected for the recovery of data block. which leads to the reduction of data rate. Improved SLM techniques for reducing the PAPR is the most promising reduction technique in its non-uniform phase factor for PAPR reduction in multicarrier OFDM system. Furthermore the estimate expression by using Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF) for PAPR has been discussed. Simulated results demonstrate that OFDMA signals using improved SLM technique carried significant effects in reduction of PAPR in OFDM system.

In this letter, we propose a parallel artificial bee colony (P-ABC) algorithm based on a new search strategy. Performance of the P-ABC is tested for peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction problem using selected mapping (SLM) scheme in both orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)-OFDM systems. Moreover, standard ABC and two different modified ABC algorithms—ABC/best/1 and modified ABC/best/1—are proposed for the SLM scheme. Simulation results show that the proposed P-ABC provides good PAPR reduction and bit-error-rate performances with low computational complexity.

One of the widely adopted multicarrier modulation technique in wireless communication system is Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), because of its enhanced robustness against channel dispersion. However, Inter Carrier Interference (ICI) caused by time varying wireless channel and Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) due to the presence of a large number of subcarriers with varying amplitude are the critical issues faced in OFDM. One of the efficient ICI self-cancellation scheme is correlative precoder but it introduces increased PAPR. To overcome this shortcoming a new form of circulantly precoded OFDM system is implemented to enhance ICI reduce and also employed with Selective Mapping (SLM) which is effective in PAPR reduction and uncomplicated. BER performance of correlative and circulantly precoded OFDM system is evaluated for LMMSE and OLMMSE equalizers. Simulation results show that circulantly precoded OFDM with SLM can achieve jointly better ICI self cancellation and PAPR reduction than correlative precoding technique over time varying channel.

Channel capacity and Peak Average to Power Ratio (PAPR) are essential elements in offering dependable communication through wireless medium in wireless communication system. The rating of an amplifier in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system, as well as prospective future candidates of 5G systems such as Filter Bank Multicarrier (FBMC) and Universal Filtered Multicarrier (UFMC), affected by a high peak to average power ratio. The demand for channel capacity fluctuates due to the growing number of wireless network users. This paper recommended a low PAPR FBMC method, showing excellent performance in terms of PAPR reduction gain, overhead computation complexity and overhead SI compared to the current PAPR reduction scheme. In order to further increase the reduction in PAPR we have developed four variants of FBMC waveforms for DFT expansion, ITSM and the selected with the smallest peak capacity. In order to further reduce the PAPR rate of DFT expansion we have produced four different versions. After implementation of the proposed algorithm, the PAPR of the FBMC method has been considerably reduced. Following use of DFT propagation and ITSM conditioning, PAPR was decreased by 25 percent. The side data, which is persistent with traditional PAPR reduction techniques like cutting, partial transmission series, and selective mapping, is also disabled. The proposed device improves the transmitters' lifetime and efficiency through waveform accuracy. The study begun was planned to reduce the limitations of contending waveforms in order to create a resourceful communication system.

High PAPR of the transmitted signal is a major drawback in the OFDM systems. In this paper, coding schemes are proposed to reduce high PAPR One is using parity check coding scheme, and the other is using selected mapping (SLM) applied scheme. With parity check coding scheme, the parity information is used to expand the signal space. Mapping from original source information to the corresponding message sequence with a low PAPR the PAPR of transmitted signal can be reduced. In the SLM applied scheme, a coding scheme with data position permutation and phase rotation is used. For the practical application to IEEE 802.11g, the performance of PAPR reduction is given. The simulation results show PAPR definitely can be greatly reduced with applying the SLM applied coding scheme in the OFDM system.

In this paper, we proposed a new PAPR reduction technique using selective mapping (SLM) cascade with adaptive peak power reduction (APPR) methods. This technique is used in a system based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). OFDM has many orthogonally modulated sub-carriers which unexpectedly produce high peak to average power ratio (PAPR). The high PAPR will occasionally reach the amplifier saturation region and therefore result in signal distortion, which causes bit error rate (BER) degradation. The proposed method, a sequence of input data is rearranged by SLM for the reduction of PAPR and then fed into the APPR process in the proposed system. The APPR method controls the peak levels of the modulation signal by an adaptive algorithm. It reduces modulation signals over a predefined range. The parameter for simulation used standard WLAN in IEEE 802.11a system. In simulation results, the proposed method shows the improvement on PAPR, power spectrum density (PSD) and high performance BER compared with conventional APPR.

In this paper, tone injection (TI) based on differential evolution algorithm (DE) is proposed to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals. TI is a distortionless PAPR reduction technique, but its high search complexity for finding optimal TI scheme requires an exhaustive search over all combinations of possible permutations of the expanded constellation, which is a potential problem for practical applications. In this work we present a novel convex optimization approach to numerically determine the near-optimal tone injection (TI) solution based on a differential evolution algorithm (DETI). DETI is compared to different TI schemes for PAPR reduction and search complexity performances. The simulation results show that the proposed DETI method provides good PAPR reduction and bit error-rate (BER) performances. Finally, the DETI algorithm not only reduces the PAPR significantly, but also decreases the computational complexity. The simulation results show that it achieves more or less the same PAPR reduction as that of exhaustive search.

Multi and single carrier waveforms are utilized in cellular systems for high-speed data transmission. In The Fifth Generation (5G) system, several waveform techniques based on multi carrier waveforms are proposed. However, the Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) is seen as one of the significant concerns in advanced waveforms as it degrades the efficiency of the framework. The proposed article documents the study, progress, and implementation of PAPR reduction algorithms for the 5G radio framework. We compare the PAPR algorithm performance for advanced and conventional waveforms. The simulation results reveal that the advanced Partial Transmission Sequence (PTS) and Selective Mapping (SLM) methods enhanced the throughput and gain of the 5G waveforms. Furthermore, we have also analyzed the performance of Orthogonal Time Frequency Space Modulation (OTFSM) based on a single carrier system and found that PAPR is significantly low and is best suited to fading environments. It is seen that the conventional algorithms lower the PAPR but increase the complexity. The proposed PTS and SLM have shown good performance with low computational complexity.

OFDM is an attractive technique for high data rate and reliable communication over fading channels and high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is a notable drawback of orthogonal frequency-division mu ltiplexing (OFDM) systems. The main implementation drawback of this system is the possibility of high Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR). The idea in Selective Mapping (SLM) consists of converting the original data lock into several independent signals, and then transmitting the signal that ha s the lowest PAPR. The selected signal index, called side info rmation index, must also be transmitted to allow for the recovery of the data block at the receiver side, which leads to a reduction in data rate. In this paper, we develop a novel SLM PAPR reduction technique. In the novel proposed scheme, the alternative symbol sequences are generated by module 2 additions of data with the rows of cyclic Hadamard matrix with the same size, inserting the selected row’s number to avoi d transmitting any side information and specially using a random-like Irregular Repeat Accumulate (IRA) encoder for both PAPR and Bit Error Rate (BER) better performance. Therefore our proposed scheme in this paper is based on a nove l SLM method combined with a random-like coding of the transmitted data that have no need to use side information for detecting transmitted data in the receiver.

Blind selective mapping for single-carrier frequency division multiple access system