Performance Analysis of OLSR and BATMAN Protocols Considering Link Quality Parameter

Recently, Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANET) are continuing to attract the attention for their potential use in several fields. Most of the work has been done in simulation, because a simulator can give a quick and inexpensive understanding of protocols and algorithms. However, experimentation in the real world are very important to verify the simulation results and to revise the models implemented in the simulator. In this paper, we present the implementation and analysis of our testbed considering the Link Quality Window Size (LQWS) parameter for Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol. We investigate the effect of mobility in the throughput of a MANET. The mobile nodes move toward the destination at a regular speed. When the mobile nodes arrive at the corner, they stop for about three seconds. In our experiments, we consider two cases: only one node is moving (mobile node)and two nodes (intermediate nodes) are moving at the same time. We assess the performance of our testbed in terms of throughput, round trip time, jitter and packet loss. From our experiments, we found that throughput of TCP was improved by reducing LQWS.

Recently, Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) have become very attractive for their usage in time-critical applications and indoor environments. In this paper, we evaluate our indoor stairs MANET test bed in terms of throughput and delay. We analyze the behavior of Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) and Better Approach To Mobile Ad-hoc Network (BATMAN). We design and implement two experimental scenarios in vertical topology: static stairs scenario and shifting stairs scenario. From our experiments, we show that as the number of hops increases to three or more hops, the performance of the communication decreases for both routing protocols. The communication becomes more difficult when the nodes are mobile, as noticed in the shift stairs scenario. However, OLSR shows a better performance than BATMAN.

In this paper, we present the implementation and analysis of our implemented testbed considering the Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol. We investigate the effect of mobility and topology changing in the throughput of a Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET). The mobile nodes move toward the destination at a regular speed. When the mobile nodes arrive at the corner, they stop for about three seconds. Experimental time is 150 seconds. In this work, we consider 6 models and we assess the performance of our testbed in terms of throughput, round trip time and packet loss. From our experiments, we found that the OLSR protocol has a good performance when the source node is moving. However, the performance is not good when the relay nodes are moving.

Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) is known for its potential features for leveraging the communication requirement in mobile ad-hoc network. However, there is less number of investigations to confirm its sustainability as well as resiliency against potential threats in mobile ad-hoc network. Hence, this paper presents a modeling of misbehaved nodes to compliment intrusion detection system for mobile nodes using OLSR using the strategic construction of secure routing decision in OLSR protocol. The technique allows each communicating mobile nodes to monitor reputation, suspicion factor, and contingency of threat to compute the degree of its vulnerability. The modeling is quite capable of truly exploring the latent adversaries within the network in the form of normal nodes. The study outcome shows proposed algorithm on OLSR to possess reduced delay, reduced algorithm processing time and maximized throughput in contrast to conventional OLSR.

Macromobility support for mobile ad hoc networks using IPv6 and the OLSR routing protocol

Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is formed with the autonomous nodes (i.e. nodes are mobile in nature, no central co-ordination). MANET is infrastructure-less, that is, there are no routers or access points in the network, nodes itself acts as a router in MANET. Although there are too many features of MANET but due to its characteristics, certain issues arises which results into performance degradation of the network. Due to mobility, limited residual energy of the node, selection of stable and durable path for the communication is the challenge. Also remaining queuing capacity is also affected on the packet loss. Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) is a proactive routing protocol for MANET. The key concept in OLSR is multi-point relay's (MPR) to find path for each node in the network with reducing broadcasting numbers. To improve the performance of the network, new approach is proposed with new version of original OLSR based new three criterions for MPR selection as link stability, residual energy and queuing capacity of the node. Based on these criterions, selected path is more stable, durable for the communication in the network. Performance evaluation is done with the help of NS2 simulator.

In recent years, Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are continuing to attract the attention for their potential use in several fields. Mobility and the absence of any fixed infrastructure make MANETs very attractive for mobility and rescue operations and time-critical applications. In this paper, we present the implementation and analysis of our implemented MANET testbed considering the Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol. We consider two models. One when all the nodes are static and another one when one node is moving. The mobile node moves toward the destination at a regular speed and when arrives at the corner of stairs is stops for about three seconds. In this work, we assess the performance of our MANET testbed in terms of throughput and packet loss. From our experiments, we found that the OLSR protocol has a good performance when nodes are in stationary state. However, when the node moves the throughput is decreased. We observed that the number of packet loss increases after 2-hops for static model and after 1-hop for moving model. But, when the node is moving, the packet loss for 2-hops to 4-hops is almost the same.

A Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) protocol requires proper settings to perform data transmission optimally. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to select the correct routing protocol and use the routing protocol’s default parameter values. This study examined the effect of route request parameters, such as RREQ_RETRIES and MAX_RREQ_TIMOUT, on the Ad Hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) protocol, which was then compared with the default AODV performance Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocols. The performance metrics used for measuring performance were Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), throughput, delay, packet loss, energy consumption, and routing overhead. The results show that the OLSR protocol has a smaller delay than the AODV protocol, while in other measurements, the AODV protocol is better than OLSR. By reducing the combination value of RREQ_RETRIES, MAX_RREQ_TIMEOUT in AODV routing to (2, 10 s) and (3, 5 s), the protocol’s performance can be improved. The two combinations result in an average increase in throughput performance of 3.09%, a decrease in delay of 17.7%, a decrease in packet loss of 27.15%, and an increase in PDR of 4.8%. For variations in the speed of movement of nodes, 20 m/s has the best performance, while 5 m/s has the worst performance.

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) comprises a group of mobile or wireless nodes that are placed randomly and dynamically which causes the constant change between nodes. When considering a routing protocol to deploy in any given situation on MANET, factors such as the mobility model, mobility of nodes, the network size and packet size should be carefully considered because the routing protocols configured with the mobility model can highly affect the performance of MANET. This paper analysed the impact of two different routing protocols (i.e. Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR)) on the performance of Random WayPoint (RWP) mobility model. Three measures of performance metrics (i.e. average throughput, average delay and average traffic received) were used. In all three-performance metrics, the simulated results indicated that Random WayPoint (RWP) configured with OLSR protocol performed better than RWP configured with DSR protocol. This indicates that the choice of a routing protocol for a specific mobility model should be considered in a network design.

Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a one that has decentralized, self-organized and self-configurable network. All mobile nodes are moving arbitrarily. It consists of mobile wireless nodes that communicate themselves without any well defined infrastructure and also do not required any interference of third party base station. MANET’s routing protocols are classified in three categories. Proactive, Reactive and Hybrid Routing Protocols are three routing Protocols. But we basically Focus on only one of each routing protocol by varying by Data Dropped and Retransmission. In this paper we analysis performance of routing protocol by using mobility models vector mobility and random way point. We are focusing performance comparison on routing protocols on Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) is proactive routing protocol also known as table driven protocol, (AODV)Ad Hoc on Demand Distance Vector is Reactive Routing Protocol and also establish a connection on demand and third one is Gathering-based Routing Protocol (GRP) which is hybrid routing protocol. In this paper we have compare two mobility models with above three protocols. In simulation results AODV shows best results by using OPNET 14.5 simulators. We can also compare its performance by using 50 nodes and show its outcome with the help of comparison table.

<p>Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) consists of a group of mobile or wireless nodes that are placed randomly and dynamically that causes the continual change between nodes. A mobility model attempts to mimic the movement of real mobile nodes that change the speed and direction with time. The mobility model that accurately represents the characteristics of the mobile nodes in an ad hoc network is the key to examine whether a given protocol. The aim of this paper is to compare the performance of four different mobility models (i.e. Random Waypoint, Random Direction, Random walk, and Steady-State Random Waypoint) in MANET. These models were configured with Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol under three QoS (Quality of Service) <a title="Learn more about Metrics" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/metrics">metrics</a> such as the Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Throughput, End-to-End delay. The simulation results show the effectiveness of Steady-State Random Waypoint Mobility Models and encourage further investigations to extend it in order to guarantee other QoS requirements.</p>

Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) comprise of independent ambulant nodes with no any stable infrastructure. All mobile nodes are co-operatively transfer their data packets to different mobile nodes in the network. Mobile nodes are depends on intermediate nodes when transmission range beyond limit i.e. multi hop network. As MANET is a highly dynamic network, mobile nodes can leave and join a network at anytime. Security is the biggest issue in MANET as MANET is infrastructure-less and autonomous. In MANET, correspondence between two mobile nodes is performed by routing protocols wherein every versatile node can make directly communication with other versatile node. In the event that both portable nodes are inside a transmission range of each other, then they can straightforwardly make communication with each other. Otherwise, transmission is done through the intermediate node. The nature of its wireless nature is also additionally turns into the purpose of its greatest vulnerability. In this manner, diminishing the confidence level of the system as it appropriate to availability, integrity, reliability and privacy concerns. There are different routing protocols for providing security that are designed based on various cryptographic techniques. To obtain a rapid knowledge of security design, we are giving a review on different cryptographic techniques to secure MANET. In this review, we presents security techniques and protocols related to cryptographic techniques.

Multi-point relay selection strategies to reduce topology control traffic for OLSR protocol in MANETs

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks are a growing field of interest. They have many real-world applications, such as enabling internet connected sensors to operate in environments without pre-existing infrastructure. In past work, we have demonstrated that the Long Range (LoRa) radio frequency (RF) modulation technique, in conjunction with a mesh network can meet these needs in static networks. To extend this to applications with mobile nodes, several adaptations have been implemented to extend the original B.A.T.M.A.N (Better Approach to Mobile Ad-hoc Networking) mesh network algorithm. Node movement models were developed and tested to improve simulation accuracy. We also implemented situationally aware, machine learning (ML) based, route discovery techniques to ensure adequate network information is available in dynamic environments, without adding excessive overhead in static situations. To optimize these changes, a Black Box Optimizer was used in conjunction with an event-based simulation tool to train the ML model.

An adhoc network is a collection of mobile nodes connected by a wireless link, where each node acts as a router. In order to facilitate the communication within the network, a routing protocol is needed. Due to bandwidth constraint and dynamic topology of the mobile adhoc Networks supporting Quality of Service (QoS) is challenging task. The aim of this work is to present QoS enabled routing protocol in adhoc networks and compare it with normal routing protocol. The Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol is an optimization of the classical link state protocol, which is used for implement the QoS. Such protocol is adopted for the reason that it reduces the size of control messages and minimizes the overhead from the flooding of control traffic. The performance of both routing and QoS routing protocols are evaluated using Network simulator Ns-2.QoS enabled routing protocol shows a significant improvement in protocol performance metrics applied in our measurements, such as packet delivery ratio, packet loss and delay.