PH-dependent cadmium binding to hemoglobin: Implications for human excretion

Estimation of dietary intake of cadmium from cadmium in blood or urine in East Asia

Cytotoxicity in the age of nano: The role of fourth period transition metal oxide nanoparticle physicochemical properties

Decreased lung function with mediation of blood parameters linked to e-waste lead and cadmium exposure in preschool children

BackgroundHeavy metals including lead and cadmium can disrupt the immune system and the human microbiota. and are increasingly of concern with respect to the propogation of antibiotic-resistence. Infection by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of global morbidity and mortality. Heavy metal exposure may be associated with increased MRSA colonization and infection, and a decrease in methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) through co-selection mechanisms and natural selection of antibiotic resistance in the presence of heavy metals. This study examines the association between blood lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) level, and MRSA and MSSA nasal colonization.MethodsAll data used for this analysis came from the 2001–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The analytical sample consisted of 18,626 participants aged 1 year and older. Multivariate logistic regression, including adjustment for demographic and dietary factors, was used to analyze the association between blood Pb and Cd, and nasal colonization by MRSA and MSSA.ResultsPrevalence of MRSA and MSSA carriage were 1.2%, and 29.3% respectively. MRSA was highest in women, individuals age 70 and older, who self-identified as black, had only a high school diploma, lived below 200% of the Federal Poverty Level, and had a history of smoking. While not significantly different from those colonized with MSSA, geometric mean blood Pb (1.74 μg/dL) and blood Cd (0.31 μg/L) were highest in those colonized with MRSA. Associations with MRSA colonization appeared to increase in a dose-dependent manner with increasing quartile of blood Pb level. Blood Cd level in the fourth quartile was also significantly associated with lower odds of MRSA colonization. Both metals were associated with lower odds of MSSA colonization.ConclusionsBoth MRSA and MSSA results suggest that general population levels of blood Pb but not Cd are associated with differences in nasal carriage of S. aureus. While further research is needed, reduction in heavy metal exposures such as lead, concurrently with maintaining a healthy microbiota may be two modifiable options to consider in the fight against antibiotic-resistance.

Blood lead and cadmium levels associated with hematological and hepatic functions in patients from an e-waste-polluted area

Low cadmium exposure in males and lactating females–estimation of biomarkers

Acne vulgaris is a very common skin disorder affecting human beings. There is a paucity of report on the role of heavy metals-lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd)-globally, and trace metals-zinc (Zn) and copper (Cd)-particularly in Nigeria in the development/severity of acne vulgaris. This study is aimed to determine the blood levels of some heavy metals-cadmium and lead-and trace metals-zinc and copper-in acne vulgaris sufferers in a Nigerian population. Venous blood samples were collected from a total number of 90 non-obese female subjects consisting of 30 mild, 30 moderate and 30 severe acne vulgaris sufferers for blood Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn determination. They were age-matched with 60 females without acne vulgaris who served as the control subjects. Acne sufferers had significantly higher blood Cd and Pb (P=0.0143 and P=0.0001 respectively) and non-significantly different blood levels of Cu and Zn (P=0.910 and P=0.2140 respectively) compared to controls. There were significant progressive increases in blood levels of Cd and Pb (P=0.0330 and P=0.0001 respectively) and non-significant differences in the mean blood level of Cu and Zn (P=0.1821 and P=0.2728 respectively) from mild to moderate and severe acne vulgaris sufferers. Increases in blood Cd and Pb may play critical roles in the pathogenesis/severity of acne vulgaris, while Cu and Zn seem to play less significant roles in the development of this disorder in this environment.

Change in gonadotropin-binding sites in intracellular organelles and plasma membranes during luteal growth, development and regression

Characterization of mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors in primate brain

The down-modulation of receptors for phorbol ester tumor promoter in primary epidermal cells.

Current evidence showed that heavy metal exposure including cadmium (Cd) exposure might contribute to memory function impairment in youth, while this association has not been extensively explored in senior groups. Complementary therapy like physical activity (PA) is proved to enhance memory; however, the combined effects of Cd exposure and PA are interesting issues worth investigating. Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 were analyzed. Multivariable weighted linear regression model and restricted cubic splines analysis were used to examine the association between blood Cd, PA, and memory function. Ultimately, 1884 samples were analyzed, and the weighted participants were 98,350,183. Results showed that in the immediate and delayed recall tests, a negative association was found between blood Cd and scores for the fully adjusted model, while a positive association was detected with PA on memory test scores. In subgroup analysis, for the delayed recall test, in lower Cd exposure (Cd = Q1), stronger effect size was found in the moderate level PA group than the higher level PA group (moderate level PA group, β = 1.133, 95% CI: 0.330, 1.936; high level PA group, β = 0.203, 95% CI: - 0.314, 0.719), and this finding also existed in higher (Cd = Q4) exposure (moderate level PA group, β = 0.988, 95% CI: 0.267, 1.708; high level PA group, β = 0.830, 95% CI: 0.261, 1.400). Moreover, the non-linear relationship between Cd exposure and performance of CERAD test under different levels of PA was reported, and the moderate level PA group performed best from lower to higher blood Cd. According to our research, the benefit of PA did not always expand with the PA intensity increment under different Cd exposure. Performing an appropriate level of physical exercise could alleviate the memory decline under Cd exposure in the elder groups. Further biological investigations are warranted to verify these findings.

Validation of a method to quantify chromium, cadmium, manganese, nickel and lead in human whole blood, urine, saliva and hair samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

Orofacial cleft (OFC) is one of the most common congenital defects, with worldwide cases occurring in approximately 1:700 to 1:1000 births. This incidence is among the highest birth defects in Indonesia, and the incidence rate in Bandung Regency (14.69%) is the second-highest in West Java province. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association of heavy metal factors that accumulate in infants to the risk of OFC in Bandung Regency. The method was used by testing heavy metals Hg, Pb, Cd, Co, and Cr in infant blood. The total sample were 54 samples, where the case respondent of 32 and 22 respondents as the control group. Blood samples were analyzed using ICP-MS Agilent 7900. The correlation using statistic analyze namely chi-square analysis (bivariate) and multiple logistic regression (multivariate). The results showed that there was a significant difference in the concentration of heavy metals Hg, Pb, and Cd as well as an increase in Pb and Cd in the infant's blood which was thought to be significantly associated with the risk of OFC.

Cation specificity of 3H-sulpiride binding involves alteration in the number of striatal binding sites

The objective of the present study was to examine if environmental exposure to cadmium (Cd) had any impact on the integrity of the liver among the general Japanese population. A nationwide survey was conducted in the winter seasons of 1991-1995 in 15 prefectures in Japan to collect 24-h food duplicates, peripheral blood samples, and morning spot urine samples from healthy nonsmoking adult women. The samples were analyzed for Cd by automated graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. In total, 371 women offered food duplicate, blood, and urine samples. The dietary Cd intake was 17.3-79.4 micrograms/day, the level of Cd in blood was 1.58-3.82 ng/ml, and the urinary Cd concentration was 1.06-4.74 micrograms/g creatinine as geometric means calculated on a regional group basis. Analyses for correlation with liver function showed no Cd-exposure-related elevation in enzyme levels or reduction in albumin levels' in serum. The distribution of cases with enzyme levels above normal ranges (below normal in the case of albumin) did not show any dose-related bias. The age of the subject, not the exposure to Cd, was the most influential factor in determining serum enzyme levels. Environmental exposure to Cd has not affected the integrity of the liver among the general population in Japan.