Plasma–ionic liquid-assisted CO2 capture and conversion: A novel technology

HI-Light: A Glass-Waveguide-Based "Shell-and-Tube" Photothermal Reactor Platform for Converting CO2 to Fuels.

The Royal Dutch Shell Group (Shell)1 was one of the first energy companies to acknowledge the threat of climate change - to call for action by governments; our industry and energy users; and to take action ourselves. Shell's strategy: to expand our alternative energies portfolio, while investing in advanced CO2 solutions in order to improve our ability to manage emissions from our hydrocarbon business. Measures to manage future emissions will include developing new technologies to capture and store CO2 underground. The pursuit of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies allows Shell to play an important and leading role towards addressing the need for an increasing worldwide demand for energy, while at the same time dealing with the need to reduce global emissions. No single universal policy or technology will solve the CO2 challenge. Therefore, various CCS solutions will need to be considered within a portfolio of measures to reduce global CO2 emissions while assisting a transition towards a low-carbon energy future. Shell seeks to position itself as part of the solution to the climate change issue. The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has identified CO2 capture and storage (CCS) as the most promising for the rapid reduction of global emissions - by up to 55% by 21002. As the bridge to a more sustainable energy system, it is therefore a key solution for combating climate change - among a portfolio of solutions, including renewable energies, energy efficiency and biofuels In order to achieve deeper reductions in CO2 emissions there will need to be new technologies brought to the market to enable a ‘Kyoto 2’ type-agreement. Authorities such as the International Energy Agency, the European Union Commission for Research and the US Department of Energy predict that new technologies will include hydrogen fuels cells, clean coal technology, and storage of CO2 below ground – in deep saline formations or redundant reservoirs, or for enhanced oil recovery. Considerable attention is being focused on CO2 storage with the desire to reduce the cost of capture and storage below 25 $/t CO2. Shell has a special team working on the CO2 Capture Project (CCP) Joint Industry Project. For the CCP Shell carries out studies, manages projects and the team is involved evaluating opportunities for deployment of the technologies within Shell. Shell also provides the Vice Chairman for this initiative and has several key-players working on this project. CCP is an international collaboration among industry, governments, academics and environmental interest groups focused on developing technology for CO2 capture and geological storage. The CO2 Capture Team (CCT) conducts Shell's participation in the CO2 Capture Project (CCP) and other external programs. CCT also works internally to apply external learnings and technologies within Shell businesses. Additionally, Shell's research and development funds and manages a separate CO2 storage program. Our goals are to: reduce the cost of capture by 60 to 80%, anddemonstrate that geological storage can be secure.

ChemInformVolume 47, Issue 37 Heterocyclic Compounds ChemInform Abstract: Novel Urea Derivative-Based Ionic Liquids with Dual-Functions: CO2 Capture and Conversion under Metal- and Solvent-Free Conditions. Mengshuai Liu, Mengshuai Liu Harbin Inst. Technol., Acad. Fundam. Inderdiscip. Sci., Harbin 150080, Peop. Rep. ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorLin Liang, Lin Liang Harbin Inst. Technol., Acad. Fundam. Inderdiscip. Sci., Harbin 150080, Peop. Rep. ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorXin Li, Xin Li Harbin Inst. Technol., Acad. Fundam. Inderdiscip. Sci., Harbin 150080, Peop. Rep. ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorXiangxiang Gao, Xiangxiang Gao Harbin Inst. Technol., Acad. Fundam. Inderdiscip. Sci., Harbin 150080, Peop. Rep. ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorJianmin Sun, Jianmin Sun Harbin Inst. Technol., Acad. Fundam. Inderdiscip. Sci., Harbin 150080, Peop. Rep. ChinaSearch for more papers by this author Mengshuai Liu, Mengshuai Liu Harbin Inst. Technol., Acad. Fundam. Inderdiscip. Sci., Harbin 150080, Peop. Rep. ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorLin Liang, Lin Liang Harbin Inst. Technol., Acad. Fundam. Inderdiscip. Sci., Harbin 150080, Peop. Rep. ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorXin Li, Xin Li Harbin Inst. Technol., Acad. Fundam. Inderdiscip. Sci., Harbin 150080, Peop. Rep. ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorXiangxiang Gao, Xiangxiang Gao Harbin Inst. Technol., Acad. Fundam. Inderdiscip. Sci., Harbin 150080, Peop. Rep. ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorJianmin Sun, Jianmin Sun Harbin Inst. Technol., Acad. Fundam. Inderdiscip. Sci., Harbin 150080, Peop. Rep. ChinaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 25 August 2016 https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.201637105Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume47, Issue37August, 2016 RelatedInformation

Biobased ionic liquid solutions for an efficient post-combustion CO2 capture system

Properties of interfaces between metal–organic frameworks and ionic liquids

CO2 Capture, Transport, Use and Storage (CCUS) is one of the core technologies to mitigate climate change. New techno-economic and techno-ecological concept of a synergy of CO2 geological storage (CGS), CO2 use, hydrogen (H2) production from different eco-friendly renewable energy recovery technologies and underground H2 storage (UHS), which we call here Geological Power Bank (Geo-PB), in Cambrian Deimena Formation sandstones in different compartments of the E6 structure offshore Latvia is presented for the first time. A five-phase circular economy concept of E6 geological structure energy and CO2 storage hub was developed in this study. The workflow is techno-ecological, eco-friendly, self-supporting, cost-competitive, and economically feasible. It consists of (1) CO2 transport by ships to the rig, (2) CO2 injection for CGS and CO2 Plume Geothermal technology (CPG), (3) H2 production, (4) Geo-PB, and (5) H2 transport by the same ships to the customers. The concept is supporting a win8 situation - innovative elements of techno-ecological synergy in one site: (1) CGS, (2) CPG, (3) solar energy, (4) wind energy, (5) sea currents energy, (6) H2 production (7) Geo-PB and (8) H2 transport to consumers. The proposed cycle is closed, demonstrating the principles of circular economy, which will increase the total efficiency of the concept. CGS and CPG are planned in the E6-A compartment of the E6 geological structure with an average CO2 storage capacity of 365 Mt in an optimistic approach and Geo-PB is planned in E6-B with an H2 storage capacity of 119 kt.The Baltic offshore scenario is ambitious and innovative, proposed new technologies, synergy with renewable energy (geothermal, solar, wind and sea current), large storage capacity, including CO2 storage and use captured by a CCUS clusters of emission sources from energy production, cement industry and bio-emissions from Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The concept aimed to decrease the artificial impact of climate change by avoiding CO2 emissions to the atmosphere and implementing circular economy principles. It will increase public and policymakers’ acceptance of new underground CO2 and energy storage technologies. The proposed synergy solution for CGS and energy storage projects will make such a business economically feasible and attractive for investors. Our study demonstrates a new era, the next generation of cost-competitive, self-supporting conceptual techno-ecological examples of a possible synergy of storage concepts with renewable energies combined using circular economy approaches.

A review of microbial electrosynthesis applied to carbon dioxide capture and conversion: The basic principles, electrode materials, and bioproducts

In terms of CO2 capture and storage (CCS), it is highly desired to substitute of high efficiency process for the applied one which is far from the ideal one. Physical processes cannot capture CO2 effectively, meanwhile CO2 desorption is energy-intensive in chemical processes. Herein, a depth-suitable and water-stable trap for CO2 capture was discovered. Carboxylates can react with polybasic acid roots by forming united hydrogen bonds. Carboxylate ionic liquid (IL) aqueous solutions can absorb one equimolar CO2 chemically under ambient pressure, and its CO2 desorption is easy, similar to that in physical absorption/desorption processes. When used as aqueous solutions, carboxylate ILs can replace alkanolamines directly in the applied CCS process, and the efficiency is enhanced significantly due to the low regenerating temperature. CO2 (or polybasic acids) can be used as a polarity switch for ILs and surfactants. A new method for producing carboxylate ILs is also proposed.

Process Based Screening Method and Systems Analysis for Pre-Combustion Carbon Capture Using Ionic Liquids

Anthropogenic CO2 emission makes significant contribution to global climate change and CO2 capture and storage is a currently a preferred technology to change the trajectory toward irreversible global warming. In this work, we reported a new strategy that the inexhaustible MgCl2 in seawater and the abundantly available biomass waste can be utilized to prepare mesoporous carbon stabilized MgO nanoparticles (mPC-MgO) for CO2 capture. The mPC-MgO showed excellent performance in the CO2 capture process with the maximum capacity of 5.45 mol kg(-1), much higher than many other MgO based CO2 trappers. The CO2 capture capacity of the mPC-MgO material kept almost unchanged in 19-run cyclic reuse, and can be regenerated at low temperature. The mechanism for the CO2 capture by the mPC-MgO was investigated by FTIR and XPS, and the results indicated that the high CO2 capture capacity and the favorable selectivity of the as-prepared materials were mainly attributed to their special structure (i.e., surface area, functional groups, and the MgO NPs). This work would open up a new pathway to slow down global warming as well as resolve the pollution of waste biomass.

CO2 capture and utilization (CCU) have aroused much attention. In this paper, several novel triazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) were developed for highly efficient transformation of CO2 into quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones. The catalytic behaviors such as the effects of IL structures and reaction parameters, catalyst recyclability, and scope of substrates were studied in detail. As compared to the reported homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, the [HTMG][Triz] with a tetramethylguanidine cation and a triazole anion exhibited an exceptional activity at 50 °C and 1 atm CO2 without any organic solvents. On the basis of the CCU strategy, we first studied the equimolar CO2 capture by the [HTMG][Triz] and one pot conversion of activated CO2 into various quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones, and good to excellent product yields were obtained. In addition, the catalytic performance for synthesis of quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione under low concentration of CO2 using a simulated flue gas was studied. The developed triazolium-based ILs could realize simultaneous activation of CO2 and the substrates under ambient conditions, which also have been demonstrated to support the reaction mechanism well. The integrative protocol here shows great significance in the practical synthesis of quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione and their derivatives from captured CO2 waste under mild conditions.

It is increasingly clear that CO2 capture and sequestration (CCS) must play a critical role in curbing worldwide CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. Development of these technologies to cost-effectively remove CO2 from coal-fired power plants is very important to mitigating the impact these power plants have within the world’s power generation portfolio. Currently, conventional CO2 capture technologies, such as aqueous-monoethanolamine based solvent systems, are prohibitively expensive and if implemented could result in a 75 to 100% increase in the cost of electricity for consumers worldwide. Solid sorbent CO2 capture processes – such as RTI’s Advanced Solid Sorbent CO2, Capture Process – are promising alternatives to conventional, liquid solvents. Supported amine sorbents – of the nature RTI has developed – are particularly attractive due to their high CO2 loadings, low heat capacities, reduced corrosivity/volatility and the potential to reduce the regeneration energy needed to carry out CO2 capture. Previous work in this area has failed to adequately address various technology challenges such as sorbent stability and regenerability, sorbent scale-up, improved physical strength and attrition-resistance, proper heat management and temperature control, proper solids handling and circulation control, as well as the proper coupling of process engineering advancements that are tailored for a promising sorbent technology. The remaining challenges for these sorbent processes have provided the framework for the project team’s research and development and target for advancing the technology beyond lab- and bench-scale testing. Under a cooperative agreement with the US Department of Energy, and part of NETL’s CO2 Capture Program, RTI has led an effort to address and mitigate the challenges associated with solid sorbent CO2 capture. The overall objective of this project was to mitigate the technical and economic risks associated with the scale-up of solid sorbent-based CO2 capture processes, enabling subsequent larger pilot demonstrations and ultimately commercial deployment. An integrated development approach has been a key focus of this project in which process development, sorbent development, and economic analyses have informed each of the other development processes. Development efforts have focused on improving the performance stability of sorbent candidates, refining process engineering and design, and evaluating the viability of the technology through detailed economic analyses. Sorbent advancements have led to a next generation, commercially-viable CO2 capture sorbent exhibiting performance stability in various gas environments and a physically strong fluidizable form. The team has reduced sorbent production costs and optimized the production process and scale-up of PEI-impregnated, fluidizable sorbents. Refinement of the process engineering and design, as well as the construction and operation of a bench-scale research unit has demonstrated promising CO2 capture performance under simulated coal-fired flue gas conditions. Parametric testing has shown how CO2 capture performance is impacted by changing process variables, such as Adsorber temperature, Regenerator temperature, superficial flue gas velocity, solids circulation rate, CO2 partial pressure in the Regenerator, and many others. Long-term testing has generated data for the project team to set the process conditions needed to operate a solids-based system for optimal performance, with continuous 90% CO2 capture, and no operational interruptions. Data collected from all phases of testing has been used to develop a detailed techno-economic assessment of RTI’s technology. These detailed analyses show that RTI’s technology has significant economic advantages over current amine scrubbing and potential to achieve the DOE’s Carbon Capture Program’s goal of >90% CO2 capture rate at a cost of < $40/T-CO2 captured by 2025. Through this integrated technology development approach, the project team has advanced RTI’s CO2 capture technology to TRL-4 (nearly TRL-5, with the missing variable being testing on actual, coal-fired flue gas), according to the DOE/FE definitions for Technology Readiness Levels. At a broader level, this project has advanced the whole of the solid sorbent CO2 capture field, with advancements in process engineering and design, technical risk mitigation, sorbent scale-up optimization, and an understanding of the commercial viability and applicability of solid sorbent CO2 capture technologies for the U.S. existing fleet of coal-fired power plants.

Heat rejection design for zero liquid discharge Shand coal-fired power station integrated with CO2 capture and storage

Hydrogen bond donor functionalized poly(ionic liquids)@MIL-101 for the CO2 capture and improving the catalytic CO2 conversion with epoxide

Electrochemical processes for CO2 mitigation can be broadly categorized into two approaches: CO2 capture via electrochemically generated bases and CO2 conversion through electrochemical reduction. Recent advancements have been concentrated to developing methods that efficiently capture and release CO2 or reduce base-CO2 adducts while regenerating bases for subsequent CO2 capture. In this study, we introduce an electrochemical strategy that integrates CO2 capture and conversion through a series of domino reactions initiated by the electrochemical generation of organic bases. This method involves the electrochemical deprotonation of halohydrin molecules, which generate hydrogen and halo-alkoxides that capture CO2 and spontaneously undergo intramolecular cyclization to yield cyclic carbonates. Direct and indirect Faradaic efficiency of up to 100% is achieved for both hydrogen and ethylene carbonate production, demonstrating highly selective sequential capture and conversion reactions. Our system provides a scalable pathway for synthesizing various cyclic carbonates directly from diluted CO2 sources.