Practical Aspects of Inventory and Receivables Financing

When one speaks of inventory and receivables financing, he thinks primarily of the financing by non-farm business enterprises of their stocks of raw materials, goods in process, and finished goods, and of their credit sales to customers. Defined broadly, of course, these terms include the financing of stocks of goods held by households, farms, institutions, and government, as well as business, and of any credit extended by such units. This article, however, will confine itself to the financing of inventory and receivables in the narrower sense. As to the financing of these types of business assets, the article is concerned with the part played by financial institutions, principally commercial banks, although other sources of funds, such as undistributed earnings and trade suppliers, are also used for this type of financing.

Using nanomaterial to minimize the local scour downstream of sluice gate

Customer relationship management (CRM) has been increasingly adopted by companies as the core of IT – driven business strategy and firms have started to invest in CRM. However, the rate of successful CRM implementations is about 30%. Many enterprises pursue expensive CRM initiatives without first understanding of the challenges and costs involved. This approach often results in CRM projects that fail to meet measurable benefit objectives. Evaluating costs and benefits associated with CRM systems acquiring and implementation and applying financial measurement methodologies can help a company make the right CRM investments solution and build a compelling justification for its CRM project. Return on investment (ROI) financial measurement methodology, its theoretical and practical aspects are analyzed in this study. Authors of this paper provide a detailed list of CRM cost categories, which can assist an organization to easily calculate its CRM system acquisition and ongoing spending. Also the authors of this paper present survey results of CRM system costs and investment efficiency evaluation in Lithuanian companies.

There is a need to standardise, within a coordinated Swiss framework, the practical aspects of genetic testing and genetic counselling on possibly inherited cardiovascular disorders in relatives of a sudden cardiac death (SCD) victim. Because of the major advances in genetic investigation techniques and recent publication of international guidelines in the field of cardiology, genetics and pathology, we consider it important to summarise the current evidence and propose an optimal approach to post-mortem genetic investigation for SCD victims and their families in Switzerland. In this article, we discuss important technical, financial and medico-ethical aspects, and provide updated information on specific situations in which forensic pathologists, general practitioners and cardiologists should suspect a genetic origin of the SCD. At present, the principles of benefit, the duty to warn and the impact of genetic information for family members at risk are considered as strong justifications for post-mortem disclosure and prevail over the arguments of respect for a deceased person's privacy and confidentiality. This paper underlines also the need to update and improve the general knowledge concerning the genetic risk of cardiovascular pathologies, the importance to perform an autopsy and post-mortem genetic testing in SCD victims, and to develop standardized post-mortem disclosure policy at national and international levels for SCD cases and relatives.

Technology

From medical school on through residency training, a physician receives no formal education in any aspect of medical economics. Throughout these years of training, there is often a subtle, yet unmistakable, sense of disapprobation when one shows an interest in the financial and practical aspects of medicine. Of course, realistically speaking, these matters are of no lesser importance or concern to a physician than to any other professional. In the past, younger ophthalmologists starting a practice have had to turn, by necessity, to older, more experienced colleagues for advice. What has been lacking was a single source of information on the business aspects of establishing and maintaining a financially sound practice. This void has now been admirably filled by this recent issue of the International Ophthalmology Clinics. The topics covered include: choosing the type and location of practice; purchasing a practice vs joining a group; establishing professional and community relationships;

ABSTRACTGraduating students must be prepared with knowledge and skills for the financial aspects of social work practice. This study examines graduating students’ attitudes and perceptions about client finances, as well as their financial knowledge. Internet survey results (n = 116) of BSW and MSW graduating students indicate that respondents (a) perceive a limited function for discussing client financial circumstances in practice, (b) understand the relevance, however, of client finances, (c) are unprepared to address this aspect, and (d) are supportive of integrating this content into required policy and practice courses. Teaching and curricular implications, along with programmatic recommendations, are included.

We have created a new column for advanced practice psychiatric nurses who are in private practice or are thinking about this option. It will give you the needed information to develop a practice – the nuts and bolts of working for yourself – and how to navigate the ongoing challenges of being a competent and successful therapist. We are excited about introducing this new column and we welcome your participation! It offers a question-and-answer forum that will bring you news and views that will hopefully make contributions to your private practice and the quality of your work life. Pat Barry has a wealth of knowledge and expertise with private practice. She has 21 years’ experience working as a private practice psychotherapist in West Hartford, CT. Pat's specialty is consultation psychiatry. Approximately 1/3 of her clients are persons who are seeking assistance coping with their physical conditions. The remaining 2/3 of her clients are individuals with depression, anxiety, trauma, and related conditions. Pat was active in the legislative process that resulted in the opportunity for advanced practice nurses in Connecticut to obtain third party insurance reimbursement for their services. Pat is the author of Mental Health and Mental Illness, Ed.7 and Psychosocial Nursing: Care of Physically-Ill Persons and Their Families, Ed.3 published by Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.

Decision-making is dependent on factors beyond the medical problem at hand. We must be grounded not only in the practical and technical aspects of the science and theory of medical practice but also the humanistic and ethical aspects of patient care. Quality of care is not limited to good clinical practice and goes well beyond the financial aspects of providing care and the outcome of an intervention as measured by success or failure. Decision-making must always put the patient first by having and maintaining appropriate clinical presence; communicating with the patient, family, colleagues, and staff; insuring and building teamwork; developing and exercising the skills of good leadership; remaining up-to-date on the development in one’s field; acquiring and maintaining the appropriate technical skills and knowing the limits of one’s skills; and being aware of the strengths, weakness, and changes in one’s organization.

This article reviews challenges of monitoring and regulation of military and dual use goods and technologies in Ukraine. These challenges are not new; their different aspects have been analyzed previously by many Ukrainian researchers, such as G. Androshchuk, O. Fradynskyi, I. Anokhin, V. Davydovskyy and more, but all earlier analyses, while looking into theoretical and practical aspects of military and dual use goods and technologies export per se, left aside economic and financial aspects of this problem, which are in the focus of our investigation. The object of the study is the export of military and dual use goods and technologies. The subject of the study is the FinTech tools that can be applied to analysis of export of military and dual use goods and technologies. The aim of the research is to analyze the current situation in export of military and dual use goods and technologies and based on results of analysis to outline the FinTech tools that will be useful to evaluate and regulate gray exports of military and dual use goods and technologies. The methodology of research is based on economic analysis in which we have applied an alternative approach to assessing key indicators. Firstly, we determined government budget military expenditure and then compared it with the scope of relevant exports. Further, we analyzed the black market of military and dual use goods and technologies based on the data obtained from the Ministry of Internal Affairs. This analysis demonstrated that official numbers represent only 10% of the total expected amount of military and dual use goods and technologies export; the balance is shared between the domestic black market and gray exports. As result of the research we propose modern FinTech tools, including financial markers and the BlockChain technology, as instruments to detect such gray exports. Financial markers are specific FinTech indicators making banks aware that a transaction involves transfer of military or dual use goods or technologies and therefore requires special attention (to verify whether the company has an appropriate license or whether a license is needed for the transaction etc.) BlockChain is the best solution for tracking the financial marker information since it supports storage of information about the whole transaction chain and analysis of this information on any transaction stage. BlockChain technology can generate information on possible gray exports automatically and chain breaks (where the end user does not typically use or sell military or dual use goods or technologies but is a vendor of conventional goods or technologies).

Financial Policy Issues for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis: Cost and Access to Insurance