Pragmatic Analysis of Leech’s Politeness Principles in Encanto Movie

The problem in this research is how the principles of language politeness are found in the speech of PGRI Palembang University students and how the language politeness of PGRI University Palembang students is based on the level of pragmatic parameters. This research aims to find out and describe the principles of language politeness found in the speech of PGRI Palembang University students and to find out and describe how language politeness of PGRI University Palembang students is based on the level of pragmatic parameters. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method. The data collection technique used is the observation and documentation method. The research results that researchers obtained from the speech of PGRI Palembang University students in the campus environment, found that the speech of PGRI Palembang University students in the campus environment contained the principles of language politeness and a language politeness scale based on the level of pragmatic parameters.

This research is motivated by the popularity of the Corona virus news in Indonesia, at this time the world is being hit by a very terrible outbreak, namely the corona virus. If you look at the news of the Corona virus in online media, the information uploaded generally invites comments and various responses from readers, causing the emergence of speech forms that violate the principles of politeness in language. Therefore, this study aims to describe compliance and violations of language politeness contained in the comments column related to the Corona virus in the Kompas.com Instagram account. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The data collection technique used is the listening technique and the note-taking technique, namely by listening to the use of language and collecting data by noting important things that can produce meaning to complete this research study. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques, descriptive analysis techniques, namely a study that is not limited to data collection, by including analysis and interpretation of the data itself. The results of the research on the analysis of language politeness using Leech's theory contained in this study include the maxim of wisdom, generosity, praise, humility, agreement, and the maxim of sympathy. The findings of this study indicate that based on the results of data analysis, it was found that compliance with the principles of politeness in language is more dominant than violations of the principles of politeness in language.

Language politeness is one of the skills that every person needs to apply . An impolite individual can be said to be an individual who is unable to appreciate, respect and sympathize with other individuals. Politeness in oral communication will have an effect on students' communication activities when dealing with various parties in everyday life . Factors that influence students' politeness come from parents, social environment, norms in society , and understanding of the principles of language politeness. Today's situation is that many students are not good at sorting and choosing words when interacting with people older than them. Their teachers are no exception. Therefore, it is necessary to observe students' language politeness so that they can interact well with any party. This research aims to observe the language politeness activities of class V students at SDN 4 Cacaban, Magelang city . The method used is a descriptive qualitative method as an effort to describe the politeness of students' language. Based on the research results, it shows that the language politeness applied by class V students in the independent curriculum is in accordance with the types of politeness acts . In the research conducted, it appears that teachers also play a role in influencing students' language politeness. Teachers also use polite greetings , by asking for help from their students. In this case, the teacher acts as an example and provides guidance to students regarding the importance of language politeness .

The politeness of the language becomes important in communicating. Politeness in communication is a must because it reflects someone being polite and polite in speaking. The politeness of language must be taught from childhood. One application is learning in schools. Short story as one of the subject matter which includes conversations that must also include the principle of politeness in language. The problem that will be discussed in this research is How to use politeness in the short story titled Mr. Adil Looking for Justice by Gol A Gong ? . This study aims to describe the use of politeness in language in a short story entitled Mr. Adil Seeking Justice by Gol A Gong. The method in this research uses descriptive method. The data used in this study is dialogue that contains politeness in language. The data collection techniques in this study used reading, note taking, library, and analysis techniques. Based on the results of the study concluded that in the short story titled Mr. Adil Seeking Justice meet s the principles of politeness in language, including maxim of wisdom, maxim of simplicity, maxim of compatibility, maxim of generosity, and maxim of sympathy.

This study aims to describe the realization of politeness in the language of lecturers and students in learning Indonesian at IAIN Padangsidimpuan. This type of research is qualitative and quantitative research using descriptive methods. The data collection techniques in this study were (1) observation, (2) recording, and (3) recording. To ensure the validity of the data collected, three techniques were carried out consisting of (1) observation persistence, (2) triangulation, and (3) referential adequacy (Moleong, 2007: 329). The approach used in this study is a descriptive qualitative and quantitative approach, namely primary data obtained by direct observation of the teaching and learning process between Indonesian language lecturers and students in the classroom. The formulation of the problem that has been determined will be answered in this study by using the theory that is set as an analytical knife to process field data in this study, namely: the study of language politeness theory. Sources of data used in this study by collecting primary data and secondary data, the primary data of this study were obtained directly during the teaching and learning process. it is concluded that the realization of politeness in the language of lecturers and students in learning Indonesian is the form of verbal and nonverbal speech which is divided into declarative, imperative and interrogative forms of speech. The principle of politeness in language focuses on the category of wisdom maxims. The results of this study are grouped into the realization of politeness in the language of lecturers and students in learning Indonesian on students' learning motivation at IAIN Padangsidimpuan. Based on the results of data analysis, the ranking of types of speech acts used by Indonesian language lecturers at IAIN Padangsidimpuan in the teaching and learning process was obtained. In the declarative form of speech is 66.66% with 66.95% nonverbal occurrence, then the imperative speech form is 16.67% with 15.55 percent nonverbal occurrence, and the third order is interrogative speech form of 16.67% with 17 nonverbal occurrences, 5%. Keywords: realization, language politeness, Indonesian language learning.

The purpose of this study was to describe how the stimulation of early childhood language politeness in class B1 children at Hauriyah Halum PAUD Padang was carried out. This research is a descriptive approach with qualitative methods. The research was conducted from April 19 to May 19 2019. Researchers used teachers and parents as informants. The way to collect data that the researcher uses is observation, interview, and documentation, while the data analysis technique is done using data triangulation techniques. This study found that the development of children's language politeness in Hauriyah Halum PAUD was carried out through the application of donated duo baleh in accordance with Minangkabau culture and integrated in the learning process, the center. Every activity of developing language politeness is carried out through the process of habituation until it is finally embedded properly for the child. The center which is the focus of politeness-language research is the beam center, natural center, Islamic center, arts center and preparation center. The teacher carries out the development of language politeness by providing simulations through various types of activities in the classroom and outside the classroom. The teacher uses a variety of methods in implementing the development of children's language politeness, namely using, direct practice methods, demonstration methods, and methods of assigning assignments. Then it can be concluded from this study that the implementation of stimulation of speaking politeness in early childhood at PAUD Hauriyah Halum Padang has gone well in accordance with the principles of Minangkabau cultural politeness.

The purpose of this research is. First, describe compliance with the politeness principle in the comment column on the metrotvnews YouTube channel. Second, describe violation of the principle of politeness in language in the comment column on the metrotvnews YouTube channel. Third, describing the language context in the comment column on the metrotvnews YouTube channel. This research used qualitative with a descriptive method. The data are speech that contain compliance to politeness principles, violations of politeness principles from the comment column on the metrotvnews YouTube channel. The research instrument is the researcher himself. The data collection techniques used in this study were the simak bebas libat cakap technique, the documentation technique and the note-taking technique. Data analysis techniques are carried out by organizing data, describing it into units, synthesizing, compiling into patterns, and making conclusions. The research results show three things. First, found 59 data on compliance with the politeness principle. Second, there were 41 violations of the politeness principle. Third, the language context is polite, and impolite. It can be concluded that. First, the most dominant form of compliance politeness principle is approbation maxim. Second, the most dominant form of violation politeness is a approbation maxim. Third, the most dominant language context in the comment column on the metrotvnews YouTube channel is polite. This research can be implicated in persuasion text learning.

In the actual communicative language, people sometimes deliberately violate the Cooperative Principle and Politeness Principle in order to produce Conversational Implicature for the sake of conversation. Dialogue in literature, as a special conversation, can also be analyzed by pragmatic theory. Persuasion is Jane Austen’s last novel, which tells the story of a young man and woman from different backgrounds who are reunited after a difficult time and finally come to a happy ending. This novel has been studied from different perspectives over the years. In China, some scholars have explored the paradoxes of self-concern and altruism in Persuasion from the perspective of emotional recognition; some scholars have studied the image of the navy in Persuasion; some scholars have focused on the feminism and gender relations embodied in the novel; and some scholars have discussed the marriage model in Persuasion. Foreign scholars have mainly focused on the analysis of the novel’s characters and the study of the romanticism and feminism in the novel. However, few scholars have explored the conversational implicature of the dialogues in Persuasion. Therefore, this paper intends to explore and interpret the conversational implicature of some dialogues in Jane Austen’s Persuasion from the perspective of Grice’s Cooperative Principle and Leach’s Politeness Principle, aiming to reveal the personality of the novel’s main characters, Anne and Winterworth, and other characters, so as to help readers better understand the novel’s theme.

Color psychology suggests that color can significantly influence people's emotions and psychology. In animated films, there is a close relationship between the use of color and character development. This study analyzes the color elements in animation films to explore the correlation between color and character personality, as well as the role of color in shaping characters. The paper argues that the effective use of color can make characters more vivid and three-dimensional, and that the thoughtful integration of color and character is crucial to character development in animation films.

This paper is entitled "Principles of Politeness in Umpasa Marhata Sinamot Toba Batak Society. Twins Is an oral tradition and cultural tradition owned by the community that functions as a medium to convey hopes, prayers, and advice about moral teachings that can be guided by the Toba Batak community. Umpasa Batak Toba is always displayed and its use heard in traditional ceremonial activities such as traditional birth ceremonies, marriage ceremonies, death ceremonies and so on. The aim of this research is to describe the principle of politeness in Umpasa Marhata Sinamot Toba Batak. The theory used in this paper is a theory that refers to Chaer's (2010) opinion about language politeness, using a qualitative descriptive analysis method. The research results show that in Umpasa Marhata Sinamot Toba Batak found politeness principles of wisdom, acceptance, generosity, humility, agreement, and sympathy. Keywords: Politeness, Umpasa, Marhata Sinamot, Batak, Toba

Language is a symbol that allows humans to continue to communicate with each other. One of the ways humans communicate during the industrial revolution 4.0 is by using social media. Youtube is one of the most popular social media in the world, including in Indonesia. The freedom to speak makes some people lose control so they violate the language politeness principle. The purpose of this study is to describe the form and analyze the causes of violations from the politeness principle in the comments column of the CNN Indonesia channel and KOMPASTV social media Youtube. The theories used in this study were about language (Kridalaksana, 2010), pragmatics (Nadar, 2013), language politeness (Chaer, 2010), politeness principles (Leech, 1993), cooperative principles (Grice, 1981), and language dissonance (Pranowo, 2009). The type of research used was descriptive qualitative research. The data sources used are comments from the comments column of CNN Indonesia and KOMPASTV channels on Youtube social media. The data collection technique used in this study was to collect data in the form of video information including titles, sources, and comments. The validity of the data was tested by using triangulation. Data analysis techniques used were entering data in the research table to be classified, looking for causes and backgrounds of violations, analyzing data, and concluding research results. Based on the results of data analysis on the comments column of CNN Indonesia and KOMPASTV channels on Youtube social media, there were 54 data with 69 deviations from the maxim of politeness in language, the violation of the maxims were as follows; the violation of generosity maxim, agreement maxim, sympathy maxim, and tact maxim. The causes of the violation were; (1) maximizing respect, (2) less maximizing agreement, (3) less maximizing sympathy, and (4) less maximizing the loss of others. The reasons behind these politeness violations were (1) the way of submitting comments was not good, (2) using words that were not needed, (3) submitting comments without valid data, and (4) the statements submitted were irrelevant to the topic being discussed. Meanwhile, comments that did not violate the rules were dominated by comments from netizens who provide suggestions and prayers. It was concluded that some netizens in the comments column of the CNN Indonesia channel and the Youtube social media KOMPASTV were still violating language politeness.

This study aims to describe the forms of violation and compliance with students' language politeness when communicating using Javanese according to the level of Javanese speech and the principles of politeness. This type of research is a qualitative research using descriptive method. Data collection techniques used are questionnaires, observations, and interviews. Then the data were analyzed by data reduction, data display, conclusion drawing and verification. The results of this study indicate that the maxims obeyed by students are the maxim of wisdom, the maxim of praise, the maxim of generosity, the maxim of humility, and the maxim of sympathy. The maxim that is obeyed the most is the maxim of praise. Violations of the maxims in student speech are found in the maxim of wisdom, the maxim of praise, the maxim of generosity, and the maxim of humility. The maxim that is obeyed the most is the maxim of wisdom.
 Keywords: Javanese speech level; politeness principles; student politeness

This study examines audience reception of the meanings of courage and self-acceptance in the Indonesian animated film Jumbo (2025) using Stuart Hall’s encoding–decoding framework. Animated films are increasingly recognized as cultural texts that convey moral and psychological values, yet audience interpretations of such messages remain diverse and context-dependent. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, this research collected data through in-depth interviews with ten informants selected via purposive sampling, all of whom had watched the film in its entirety. The aalysis focused on how audiences decode representations of courage and self-acceptance portrayed through narrative structure, character development, and key scenes. The findings reveal three patterns of audience reception. Most informants occupied a dominant-hegemonic position, interpreting courage as emotional resilience and self-acceptance as personal growth, in alignment with the filmmaker’s preferred meanings. Two informants demonstrated negotiated readings by partially accepting the film’s messages while adapting them to their own experiences. One informant expressed an oppositional reading, rejecting the film’s moral impact due to perceived narrative complexity and lack of coherence. These findings confirm that Jumbo functions as a polysemic text, where meaning is actively constructed rather than passively received. The study concludes that animated films can serve as reflective and dialogic media for discussing emotional development, provided that audience interpretation is acknowledged as a central component of meaning-making.

This study analyzes the commissive speech act in Tony Stark’s final scene, "I am Iron Man," from Avengers: Endgame. The study's main objective is to analyze how this statement helps story and character development by commissive to do something in the future. The study applies qualitative methods to the theories of Austin and Searle regarding the roles of commissive speech acts, specifically categorizing it as a vow, pledge, promise, guarantee, offer, refusal, and threat. The results prove that Tony Stark's statement challenges Thanos, shows his selflessness, and reveals his identity. From a selfish billionaire to a selfless hero, his words reveal his transformation. Among the most emotional scenes in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), its relevance to his character journey only enhances its significance. This study focuses for greater consideration the significance of speech acts in movie and promotes more research on the ways language impacts story and audience reaction

This study focuses on the analysis of humour creations based on the Grice’s cooperative maxim flouting. It applies descriptive qualitative study where we examined the utterances in Incredibles 2 were flouted to create humour. The results of the study showed that (1) There were 7 kinds of humour created from 19 flouting of quality maxims. (2) There were also 7 kinds of humour created from 45 flouting of quantity maxims. (3) There were only 9 kinds of humour created from 57 flouting of manner maxims. (4) On the flouting of relation maxims, all 11 humour categories were fulfilled from 59 flouting of relation maxims. Furthermore, it is suggested that through the occurance of maxim flouting in the movie especially animation genre which is addressed to the audience gives the knowledge about conversational implicatures. With regard to the creation of humour, it is suggested that the humour is not only a deviation of the cooperative principle and its maxims. Other theory of pragmatics can also be used to analyze the humour such as, politeness principle and also the acts of speech acts.