Predicting the risk of threatened abortion using machine learning methods: a comparative study

Background: Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major global health concern for children, causing numerous hospitalizations and death. Community acquired pneumonia is a major cause of under-five mortality in children. Identifying reliable prognostic markers is crucial. Mean platelet volume (MPV) and red cell distribution width co-efficient of variation (RDW-CV) are accessible and cost-effective options for assessment of prognosis in pneumonia. This study investigates MPV and RDW-CV as prognostic markers in children with community acquired pneumonia. Methods: This prospective observational study includes 80 children aged 1-16 years diagnosed with pneumonia upon initial examination and admitted to hospital. Community acquired Pneumonia diagnosis was based on clinical symptoms, physical examination and/or radiological findings. Pneumonia severity was assessed using the Clinical Respiratory Score (CRS), categorizing patients into mild, moderate, severe groups. MPV and RDW-CV were compared among these groups. Results: Across the sample of 80 children, RDW-CV and MPV values did not demonstrate statistically significant differences when compared by sex, age group, ICU requirement or hospital stay duration. For most comparisons, p-values exceeded 0.05, indicating that variations in these indices are likely due to random fluctuations rather than true biological differences. Conclusions: Certain trends (higher RDW-CV and MPV in intense severity groups, elevated MPV in pleural effusion and significant ROC for MPV) are biologically plausible in the context of systemic inflammation. MPV appears to be a more reliable marker than RDW-CV in this dataset. RDW-CV did not demonstrate meaningful prognostic value. The findings reinforce that MPV may serve as a supportive, accessible biomarker for predicting more severe pneumonia in children, whereas RDW-CV requires larger sample evaluation to confirm its utility.

We aimed to determine the relationship of red cell and platelet distribution widths with the onset of acute myocardial infarction, to enable the early detection and prevention of acute myocardial infarction. Red cell and platelet distribution widths were retrospectively determined in 46 patients with stable angina pectoris and 140 patients with acute myocardial infarction who were brought to the emergency department of our institution. Red cell and platelet distribution widths were determined with an automatic blood cell analyzer, and the results were compared between the acute myocardial infarction and angina pectoris groups. Both red cell and platelet distribution width values obtained at onset were significantly higher in the acute myocardial infarction group than in the angina pectoris group (red cell distribution widths, 46.4 ± 0.51% versus 44.5 ± 0.59%; mean difference -1.91 [95% confidence interval (CI), -3.79 to -0.34]; platelet distribution widths, 12.1 ± 0.22 fL versus 11.1 ± 0.17 fL; mean difference -1.03 [95% CI, -1.58 to -0.47]). The red cell distribution widths before onset was not different between the acute myocardial infarction and angina pectoris groups; however, the platelet distribution widths before onset was higher in the acute myocardial infarction group (red cell distribution widths, 46.5 ± 0.85% versus 45.9 ± 0.59%; mean difference -0.71 [95% CI, -2.74 to 1.30]; platelet distribution widths, 11.4 ± 0.39 fL versus 10.6 ± 0.21 fL; mean difference -0.83 [95% CI, -1.66 to 0.11]). Red cell distribution widths and especially platelet distribution widths may contribute to the early detection of acute myocardial infarction.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between red blood cell distribution width, platelet distribution width, and mean platelet volume and the presence and severity of valvular involvement in patients with rheumatic heart disease. Between April, 2012 and December, 2015, 151 patients who were admitted to the Pediatric Cardiology Unit with diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease and 148 healthy children were included to our study. Transthoracic echocardiography for all children was performed, and the values of red blood cell distribution width, platelet distribution width, and mean platelet volume, besides other blood count parameters, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein levels were recorded. Red blood cell distribution width, platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume, and C-reactive protein levels were significantly higher in patients with rheumatic heart disease when compared with healthy controls (p0.05). This is the first study in children with rheumatic heart disease that demonstrated significantly increased red blood cell distribution width, platelet distribution width, and mean platelet volume levels, as well as evaluated all three parameters together. Furthermore, red blood cell distribution width values in the chronical period of acute rheumatic fever, due to the positive correlation with the other chronic inflammatory markers, may help make the diagnosis in children.

This study aimed to investigate the association between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and the risk of coronary artery lesions (CALs) in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD). A total of 1355 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for KD were reviewed between January 2018 and December 2019, including 636 patients with CALs and 719 patients without CALs. Blood samples for RDW were obtained at admission (before intravenous immunoglobulin treatment). A logistic regression analysis was performed, and a receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed to determine the prognostic value of RDW standard deviation (RDW-SD) and RDW coefficient of variation (RDW-CV). The study was registered at www.chictr.org.cn, No.: ChiCTR 2000040980. The results showed that RDW-SD increased in patients with complete KD and CALs compared with patients with complete KD without CALs (39 fL vs. 38 fL, respectively; p = 0.000). RDW-CV in patients with complete KD and CALs was significantly higher compared with patients with completed KD without CALs (p = 0.000). Further multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that RDW-SD was an independent marker of CALs in patients with complete KD (p = 0.001), but no association was found between RDW-CV and CALs. The area under the curve of RDW-SD for predicting CALs in patients with complete KD was 0.606 (95% confidence interval 0.572–0.640; p = 0.000) with a sensitivity and specificity of 61% and 55%, respectively, when the optimal cut-off value of RDW-SD was 38.5 fL. RDW-CV increased in patients with incomplete KD and CALs compared with patients without CALs (13.55% vs 13.3%, respectively; p = 0.004), and multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that RDW-CV was an independent marker of CALs in patients with incomplete KD (p = 0.021). The area under the curve of RDW-CV for predicting CALs in patients with incomplete KD was 0.597 (95% confidence interval 0.532–0.661; p = 0.004) with a sensitivity and specificity of 40% and 77%, respectively, when the optimal cut-off value of RDW-SD was 13.85%. Conclusion: RDW can be used as an independent predictive marker of CALs in patients with KD, but the type of KD should be considered. RDW-SD was an independent marker of CALs in patients with complete KD, while RDW-CV was a predictor of incomplete KD.

Red Cell Distribution Width-to-Albumin Ratio Is a Simple but Robust Prognostic Biomarker in Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma

Background:Babesia infections in sheep can cause a wide range of clinical and laboratory presentations. Changes in blood parameters are a meaningful manifestation of physiological and pathological changes in an organism.Aim:Therefore, the present study was conducted to analyze and compare hematological and biochemical parameters between blood profiles of Lohi sheep naturally infected and uninfected with Babesia ovis, the main causative agent of ovine babesiosis.Methods:Initially, blood and serum samples from 67 Lohi sheep were collected, DNA was extracted and babesial infection was detected through polymerase chain reaction. The overall infection rate of B. ovis was 37% (25/67). Sixteen infected (experiment group) and 16 uninfected (control group) sheep that were apparently healthy with no history of previous treatment for babesiosis, were selected for hemato-biochemical analysis. Blood samples were analyzed through an automatic CBC analyzer, while serum collected from gel vacutainers was analyzed for blood urea, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and total bilirubin. Each parameter was compared between infected and uninfected animals using a paired t-test in Minitab Express™ software for statistical analyses. Results:Erythron comparison showed a highly significant ( p < 0.0001) decrease in RBC, hemoglobin, and Hct. A nonsignificant increase in mean corpuscular volume (MCV), red cell distribution width (RDW), and RDW–standard deviation (RDW-SD), while a nonsignificant decrease in mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and MCH concentration (MCHC) values was recorded in infected sheep. Leukon comparison showed a significantly low level of total leukocyte (p < 0.001) in infected sheep. Platelet (Plt) along with platelet crit (Pct) and platelet distribution width (PDW) were nonsignificantly higher, whereas a nonsignificant decrease in mean Plt volume was recorded in infected sheep as compared to uninfected animals. Among biochemical parameters, blood urea, BUN, and total bilirubin showed significant differences (p < 0.05), while creatinine showed a nonsignificant difference. Conclusion:To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on hemato-biochemical changes associated with babesiosis in the Lohi breed. Consistent with hemolytic anemia, these data would justify physical examination and, together with the medical history, would provide an excellent basis for the diagnosis of babesiosis.

To investigate the effect of quail egg supplements enriched with marine macroalgae Eucheuma spinosum on body weight and physiological conditions of Sprague Dawley rats during pregnancy. This study used a completely randomized experimental design. The test animals were 25 pregnant white rats aged 3 months and weighed ± 200 gm. Pregnant rats were divided into five treatments and five repetitions; each repetition contained one pregnant rat. T0: control treatment; T1: treatment group consuming quail eggs from quail fed commercial feed; T2: treatment group consuming quail eggs from quail fed with 3% E. spinosum; T3: treatment group consuming quail eggs from quail fed with 4% E. spinosum; T4: treatment group consuming quail eggs from quail fed with 5% E. spinosum. The parameters measured were egg proximate, egg iron, egg cholesterol, red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular Hb (MCH), mean corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC), white blood cell (WBC), lymphocytes (LYM), neutrophils (NEUT), RBC distribution width (RDW), platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), glucose, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The addition of E. spinosum into quail feed at concentrations of 3%, 4%, and 5% did not show statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) in the proximate levels (water, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrates) compared to the control. However, the analysis of iron in quail eggs indicated a significant increase (p < 0.05) in comparison to the control treatment. In addition, the supplementation of E. spinosum in the quail feed resulted in significantly reduced (p < 0.05) quail egg cholesterol levels when compared to the control treatment. Furthermore, the supplementation of quail egg produced by quail fed with E. spinosum did not significantly affect the birth weight of the pups, RBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, WBC, LYM, NEUT, RDW, PDW, MPV, MDA, and SOD when compared to the control treatment (p > 0.05). Meanwhile, the mother weight, Hb, HCT, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and glucose levels significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared to the control. The administration of E. spinosum with concentrations of 3%, 4%, and 5% can increase iron levels and decrease cholesterol levels in quail eggs. The administration of quail egg supplements produced by quail-fed additional macroalgae E. spinosum can increase body weight, Hb, and HCT in pregnant rats. The addition of marine macroalgae with concentrations of 4% and 5% can decrease the levels of cholesterol, LDL, and glucose and increase serum HDL levels in pregnant rats.

Complete blood count alterations after 6 months of continuous positive airway pressure treatment in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea

Objective: To explore the predictive values of routine blood test results for iron deficiency (ID) screening in children. Methods: Routine blood test results and serum ferritin (SF) levels from 1 443 healthy children (862 boys, 581 girls) aged 6 months to 18 years, who were seen for well-child visits between June 2017 and May 2019 in Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, were retrospectively analyzed. ID was defined as SF<20 μg/L, iron deficiency anemia (IDA) as ID with anemia (hemoglobin(Hb)<110 g/L at 6 months-5 years of age, Hb<120 g/L at 6-18 years of age), non-anemia ID as ID without anemia, non-ID anemia as SF≥20 μg/L with anemia, and healthy control subjects as those with SF≥20 μg/L but without anemia. The blood test results including Hb, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), and the percentage of low hemoglobin density (LHD) of healthy control, non-anemia ID, non-ID anemia, and IDA groups were compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA) or non-parametric test, quantitative data were described as x±s or M(interquartile range), and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was applied to assess predictive values of routine blood test results and LHD for detecting IDA and ID. Results: Among 1 443 children with median age of 2.1(3.3) years, 1 061 children were in healthy control group, 292 in non-anemia ID group, 43 in non-ID anemia group and 47 in IDA group. The prevalence of ID was much higher than that of anemia (23.5% (339/1 443) vs. 6.2% (90/1 443) , χ(2)=169.76, P<0.01). Compared with control group, non-anemia ID group showed higher LHD (0.088 (0.093) vs.0.073 (0.068), P<0.01) and RDW (0.131±0.013 vs. 0.126±0.008, P<0.01), lower MCV ((80±4) vs. (83±4) fl, P<0.01) and MCHC values ((326±9) vs. (329±8) g/L, P<0.01). IDA group showed higher LHD (0.322(0.544)) and RDW (0.151±0.018), lower MCV ((73±6) fl) and MCHC values((309±14) g/L) than non-anemia ID group (all P<0.01). The area under curve (AUC) values of MCHC, LHD, RDW and MCV for detecting ID were 0.63 (95%CI: 0.60-0.67), 0.63 (95%CI:0.60-0.67), 0.67 (95%CI: 0.63-0.70) and 0.73 (95%CI: 0.69-0.76) respectively. With cutoff limits (MCV<80.2 fl, RDW>0.131 or MCHC<322 g/L), MCV, RDW and MCHC showed higher sensitivity for screening ID than hemoglobin (0.540, 0.469 and 0.336 vs. 0.139, χ(2)=121.70, 87.47, 35.56, all P<0.01). Conclusion: MCV, RDW and MCHC can be used to screen ID in primary health care settings.

BACKGROUNDIndices such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and red cell distribution width (RDW) are considered new markers of the systemic inflammatory response (SIR), and have been widely implemented for the diagnosis of patients with inflammatory diseases. These new indicators have also been widely investigated in preeclampsia (PE) but less analyzed in hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet (HELLP) syndrome.AIMTo compare SIR markers among HELLP patients, PE only patients, and healthy gravidae.METHODSThis retrospective case-control study enrolled 630 cases, including 210 patients with HELLP syndrome (HELLP group), 210 patients with only PE (PE group) and 210 healthy gravidae (control group). The three groups were matched by age, parity, status of assisted reproduction, and multiple pregnancies. Birthweight, gestational age at complete blood count collection, gestational age at delivery, mode of delivery, etc. were recorded. The main indices as NLR, PLR, MPV, PDW, and RDW among the groups were compared, as well as some secondary outcomes including neutrophil, platelets, and hemoglobin.RESULTSThe NLR (6.4 vs 4.3 vs 3.5), MPV (11.9 vs 11.2 vs 10.7), PDW (16.4 vs 13.3 vs 14.2), leukocyte (12.4 × 109/L vs 9.7 × 109/L vs 8.7 × 109/L) and neutrophil count (9.9 × 109/L vs 7.3 × 109/L vs 6.1 × 109/L) were highest in the HELLP group, lower in the PE group, and lowest in the control group. Both the overall comparisons between the three groups (all bP < 0.01) and pairwise comparisons between every two groups elicited statistically significant differences (all dP < 0.01, except control vs PE: cP < 0.05 in PDW). The average lymphocyte counts were 1.4 (1.1, 2.0) × 109/L in the HELLP group, 1.6 (1.3, 2.0) × 109/L in the PE group and 1.7 (1.4, 2.0) × 109/L in the control group. The overall comparison of lymphocyte count within the three groups had statistically significant differences (P = 0.000). The pairwise comparisons between every two groups demonstrated that the HELLP group had a lower lymphocyte count than both the PE (P = 0.019) and control groups (P = 0.000), but the difference between the PE and control groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.432). The overall comparisons on platelet counts and the PLR among these three groups also showed statistically significant differences (both P = 0.000), from low to high being those in the HELLP group (43.4 × 109/L, 64.0), control group (180.5 × 109/L, 103.6) and PE group (181.5 × 109/L, 112.8). Pairwise comparisons of neither index displayed statistically significant differences between the PE and control groups (both P > 0.05), while the differences in the two indices between the HELLP group and the two other groups were still statistically significant (all P = 0.000). RDW values were highest in the HELLP group (14.5% [13.6, 15.3]), lower in the control group (14.1% [13.5, 14.8]) and lowest in the PE group (13.9% [13.4, 14.9]). The difference between the PE and control group did not show statistical significance (P = 1.000), while RDW values in the HELLP group were higher than those in the other two groups (cP < 0.05 vs control, dP < 0.01 vs PE).CONCLUSIONSIR markers such as NLR, RDW, MPV, and PDW were increased and PLR was decreased in HELLP. These SIR markers may become new indicators in the evaluation of HELLP syndrome.

The aim of this study to evaluate relationship between thrombocyte indices, Red cell distribution width (RDW) and gestational hypertensive disorders. This study is a retrospective cross sectional study performed between 2009 - 2019.Total 583 pregnant women were included in this study; 123 severe preeclampsia (PE), 175 mild-PE, 73 gestational hypertension (GH), 41 chronic hypertension and 171 healthy pregnant women (control group). Statistical Package for Social Science version 23.0 is used for statistical analysis. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Anova, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney U tests are used for interpretation of data. Statistical significance is considered if p < 0.05. Mean age and number of pregancies were indifferent among five groups. Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) was significantly higher in severe-PE group (p<0.001) and insignificantly different among mild-PE, GH, chronic hypertension and control groups (p=0.116) . Platelet count (PC) was found significantly lower in severe-PE group (p=0.01) and found indifferent among mild-PE, GH, chronic hypertension and control groups (p=0.110). RDW was found significantly higher in severe-PE group than other groups (p=0.01)and significantly higher in mild-PE group than GH, chronic hypertension and control groups (p=0.01) but insignificantly different among GH, chronic hypertension and control groups (p=0.501). Platelet distribution width (PDW) was found significantly lower in control group than other groups (p<0.001) and found indifferent among mild-PE, GH, chronic hypertension and severe-PE groups (p=0.621). Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), hemoglobin, Plateletcrit and Platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were found unchanged among the groups. MPV, RDW, PDW, NLR, PC, Plateletcrit and PLR were indifferent among GH and chronic hypertension groups. MPV and RDW were found higher and PC was found lower in severe-PE. RDW levels elevation was found higher in accordance with the severity of preeclampsia. PDW was found higher in gestational hypertensive disorders than healthy pregnant women.

Background: COVID-19 is still present in the world, though the extent varies by region and country. According to the World Health Organization, there have been over 617 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 and over 13 million deaths worldwide since the pandemic began on March 10, 2023. Aims and Objectives: This is a study conducted with the aim of providing biomarkers to predict COVID-19 disease progression and mortality based on red cell indices and platelet indices which are commonly measured as part of a complete blood count (CBC). Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted during the peak of the second wave of COVID-19 from March 2021 to June 2021. The study included 540 patients who were admitted to the Government General Hospital, Nizamabad, and had tested positive for COVID-19 by RT-PCR. Red Blood Cell (RBC), Hematocrit (HCT), Red cell indices like Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), Red Cell Distribution width (RDW) and Platelet indices like Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), Plateletcrit (PCT), Platelet–Large Cell Ratio were taken from CBC analyzer Sysmex XN-1000 and analyzed statistically. The patients were then followed up for a period of 14 days to track their outcomes. Results: In the data, majority were male n=334 (62%) and n=280 (38%) were female. 70.37% (n=380) were survivors and 29.63% (n=160) were non-survivors. Red blood cell, red cell indices such as RDW-CV and RDW-SD, and platelet indices such as PCT and PDW were significantly higher in non-survivors compared to survivors with P&lt;0.05. Conclusion: Non-survivors had significantly higher levels of RDW-CV, RDW-SD, PCT, and PDW compared to survivors. These parameters in combination can be useful for predicting COVID-19 mortality at early stage in forthcoming waves.

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to explore correlations between red blood cell distribution width, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet distribution width, and colorectal adenomas.MethodsRetrospective analysis of 120 patients undergoing colonoscopy (from January to December 2024) divided into adenoma (n = 60) and control (n = 60) groups. Demographic characteristics, habits, and blood parameters were compared.ResultsSignificant differences in neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet distribution width, and red blood cell distribution width between groups (P < 0.05) were noted. Spearman analysis showed positive correlations: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet distribution width (r = 0.434), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and red blood cell distribution width (r = 0.461), and red blood cell distribution width and platelet distribution width (r = 0.424) (P < 0.001). Logistic regression identified neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (odds ratio = 5.027), platelet distribution width (odds ratio = 1.553), and red blood cell distribution width (odds ratio = 9.081) as independent risks.ConclusionElevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet distribution width, and red blood cell distribution width are independent risk factors. Early colonoscopy and intervention may serve as non-invasive biomarkers for early screening.

This study aimed to utilize various machine learning algorithms to develop a predictive model for the progression of severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) in children to critical severe community-acquired pneumonia (cSCAP). Retrospective analysis of clinical data of SCAP patients admitted to the Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine at the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University from January 2021 to April 2023. Logistic regression (LR) and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) were jointly employed to screen model variables. The selected variables were then incorporated into seven algorithms, namely LR, Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Naive Bayes (NB), k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Support Vector Machine (SVM), to establish a predictive model for the progression of SCAP in children to a critically severe stage. The effectiveness of the model was evaluated based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and F1 score. Finally, the Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP) algorithm was used to interpret the established machine learning model. A total of 211 patients were included. Red Cell Distribution Width–Coefficient of Variation (RDW-CV), procalcitonin (PCT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were selected as predictors. The XGBoost model outperformed six other algorithms, with an AUC of 0.98 (95% CI,0.93–1.00 ), accuracy 0.89 (95% CI, 0.78–0.94), sensitivity 0.98 (95% CI, 0.95–1.00), and specificity 0.75 (95% CI, 0.45–0.87). SHAP analysis identified PCT, LDH, RDW-CV, and BUN as the most important contributors, supporting their clinical relevance for early risk stratification. This study developed an accurate predictive model for the cSCAP in children using machine learning techniques, providing clinical support for decision-making by clinicians.

BackgroundSecreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) is a member of the small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoprotein (SIBLING) family. SPP1 is known to be involved in various cancer-related signaling pathways. Nevertheless, limited research has been conducted on the association between SPP1 and papillary thyroid carcinoma (THCA). This study aimed to investigate the expression of SPP1 in papillary THCA and its relationship with clinical relevance and immune cell infiltration.MethodsThe expression and prognosis of SPP1 in pan-cancer were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) data plat forms. The differential expression of SPP1 between thyroid cancer and adjacent normal tissues was analyzed by the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer Data Analysis portal (UALCAN) online database. Thyroid cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were distinguished by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The relationship between SPP1 and the signal pathway was analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The correlation between SPP1 and immune cell infiltration was analyzed using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER). The correlation between the expression level of SPP1 detected by immunohistochemistry and the clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, and inflammatory indexes of patients with papillary THCA in our center was verified.ResultsTCGA and GTEx analyses showed that SPP1 was highly expressed in thyroid cancer compared with adjacent tissues, and was related to race, cancer stages, and pathological subtypes. The area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC curve was 0.668 for distinguishing SPP1 expression levels in normal and malignant thyroid tissues. The TIMER database showed that SPP1 expression was positively correlated with B cells, CD4+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DC). GO and KEGG pathway analyses showed that SPP1 co-expressed genes were involved in the process of a variety of immune responses and diseases. Immunohistochemical results showed that the positive expression of SPP1 in papillary THCA was higher than that in adjacent tissues and correlated with Tumor-Capsule Distance Status, red blood cell distribution width variation coefficient (RDW-CV), platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), large platelet ratio (P-LCR), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular-hemoglobin (MCH), and neutrophil-platelet ratio (NPR).ConclusionsIn papillary THCA, elevated SPP1 expression correlates with clinicopathological features, suggesting its potential as a diagnostic marker.