Preface

In Memoriam: Dr. Clive L. Dym (1942–2016)

The conference on Sustainable Energy, Environment, and Green Technologies (ICSEEGT 2022) is the second international conference organized at Poornima College of Engineering, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. This event was organized in a hybrid mode. This conference aims to bring researchers from academia, government agencies, research laboratories, and the corporate sector to present their research on sustainable and renewable energy, the environment, transportation engineering and green technologies. Since green growth is pursuing economic development in an environmentally sustainable manner, therefore green growth must play a vital role in the development goal of improving living standards, accessing modern energy services, and using energy more efficiently. For this aim, the conference ICSEEGT 2022 provided an excellent platform to promote research in the subject area and exchange new ideas in these fields among academicians, engineers, scientists, and practitioners across the world.The conference began with its inaugural session (in hybrid mode), seeking the blessings of Goddess Saraswati. The session witnessed addresses of dignified persons, Professor S.A Sherif, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, USA, Professor L.M. Das, Former Professor, Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India and Dr. L. N. Thakural, Senior Scientist, Surface Water Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, India.The inaugural session was followed by a keynote session of Professor P. Muthukumar, Professor, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, India, on the Energy Efficient and Environment Friendly Porous Radiant Burners for Cooking and Industrial Applications. Later, four parallel technical sessions were organized on the first day, where authors and participants participated and presented their papers. Overall, 186 research papers were received for ICSEEGT 2022 from different organizations worldwide, out of which our expert team of reviewers accepted 102 papers. The research papers in this conference were invited considering these three tracks: sustainable/renewable energy, environment and transportation, green technologies, and urban development. The presenters and attendees participated with full enthusiasm in all the technical sessions. Out of 83 registered papers, 43 papers were presented in the technical sessions on the first day. The first Technical Session in offline mode was chaired by Dr. Narayan Lal Jain and Dr. Pran Nath Dadhich, and moderated by Mr. Rahul Sharma of Poornima College of Engineering, Jaipur, India. The second Technical Session was chaired by Dr Salifu Tahiru Azeko, Tamale Technical University, Tamale, Ghana: Mr. Sanjay Kumawat, Poornima College of Engineering, was the moderator for this session. Dr. Tanuj Chopra from Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India chaired the third Technical Session. The second and third session moderator were Mr. Divya Vishnoi and Mr. Sanjay Kumawat, Poornima College of Engineering respectively. Dr. Puneet Kumar Jain, National Institute of Technology, Raurkela, and Dr. Ram Niwash Mahia, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, India chaired the fourth Technical Session and moderated Dr. Monika Vardia from Poornima College of Engineering.The day ended with a keynote session on Recent Advances Materials on Energy Storage Technology and Sustainability by Dr. M V Reddy, Senior Professional Researcher, Nouveau Monde Graphite (New graphite world) (NMG), Quebec, Montreal, Canada.List of ORGANIZING COMMITTEES are available in this Pdf.

An overview of the effect of stirrer design on the mechanical properties of Aluminium Alloy Matrix Composites fabricated by stir casting

From the Ground Up-Materials Science in Singapore.

Welcome to 2020 10th International Conference on Applied Physics and Mathematics (ICAPM 2020), which will be held in the Tama Campus of Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan during January 10-12, 2020. Tokyo is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and has served as the Japanese capital since 1869. Chuo University founded in March 1885 was originally founded with an exclusive focus on law and legislation, and now has a wider range of subject areas including economics, science, and policy studies. Chuo University has eight faculties and seven graduate schools, as well as two professional graduate schools, four affiliated high schools, two affiliated junior high schools, and nine research institutes. We are delighted to come to the beautiful and prestigious Tama Campus of Chuo University, which is located in the Tama Hills Natural Park in the city of Hachioji, Tokyo, and to meet with so many of our distinguished collaborators and scientists to explore new knowledge and ideas.ICAPM is organized by American Society for Research (ASR). It has been successfully held in 9 consecutive years since 2011, respectively. In the past three years, ICAPM 2017, ICAPM 2018, and ICAPM 2019 Conference Proceedings have been archived into IOP Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Volumes 814 (2017), 1039 (2018), and 1298 (2019) indexed by ISI Web of Science (Conference Proceedings Citation Index (CPCI), Scopus, Engineering Information (EI), etc. The main objective of the ICAPM 2020 conferences is to provide a major international platform for knowledge exchange and an interactive forum in mathematical theory and calculation, mathematical model construction and method, physics theory and engineering physics, material design and mechanical performance analysis, pure and applied mathematics, engineering mathematics and physics. These are all fascinating topics related to future needs. Selected and important results will also publish in the peer-reviewed conference journals “Journal of Physics: Conference Series” and “IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering”.We express our thanks and appreciation to our keynote speakers Makoto Iwasaki, Professor and IEEE Fellow, Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology in Japan, Yoshihiko Uematsu, Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gifu University in Japan, Naoyuki Ishimura, Conference Chair of ICAPM 2020, Professor, Faculty of Commerce, Chuo University in Japan, Kuo-Chih Chuang, Associate Professor, Zhejiang University, China, and all the participants and committee members for all support to ICAPM 2020 All the Session Chairs are also appreciated for assisting in the organization of technical sessions.

First of all, thank Allah SWT. the ICIME is the second International Conference on Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering by the Industrial Engineering Department, Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) can be held successfully. This year International Conference on Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering was implemented slightly differently from the previous year because the COVID 19 pandemic infected the entire world, held from 3th to 4th September 2020 through a web conference, although it cannot be held face-to-face this activity is still carried out as the previous year. This conference is an extended collaboration between Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), and Prince of Songkla University (PSU) to intensify knowledge sharing and experiences between higher learning institutions.This ICIME Conference is a platform for knowledge exchange and the growth of ideas, particularly in manufacturing engineering with rapid advancements in manufacturing engineering. This year, 2020, the conference theme is “Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Experiences and Challenges in ASEAN” reflecting the role of Industrial Engineering and Manufacturing to be developed for industries that can compete in the international sphere especially ASEAN. The previous conference had been published 155 paper in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. The conference was run in seven parallel sessions with 161 presenters sharing their latest finding in the areas of manufacturing process, systems, advanced materials and automation. The Keynote Speaker of this conferences are Dr. Ir. Abdul Rahman Hemdi from Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Malaysia, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nikorn Sirivongpaisal from Prince of Songkla University (PSU) Thailand, Prof. Dr. Ir. Armansyah Ginting, M. Eng from Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) Indonesia, Agus Tjahajana Wirakusuma as chief commissioner of PT Indonesia Asahan Alumunium (INALUM) and Prof. Dr. Pramodkumar S Kataraki from REVA University, India. The Invited Speaker of this conferences are Ir. Rosnani Ginting, MT, Ph.D from Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) Indonesia, Hasnida Binti AB Samad Ph.D from Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Malaysia, Ahmad Faiz Zubair, Ph.D from Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Malaysia and Dr. Hafnee Lateh Prince Of Songkla University (PSU), Thailand and Ir. Aulia Ishak, MT, Ph.D from Universitas Sumatera Utara USU, Indonesia. The organizers are very grateful to them for supporting the conference and sharing their latest research results with the conference participants. The number of papers that submitted on the OCS USU website was 167 papers and 6 papers were rejected and 161 papers were received which have been presented at the parallel session. Details of participants who attended the conference, among others; Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU), Universitas Indonesia (UI), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Universitas Andalas (UNAND), Universitas Telkom, Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret (UNS), Prince of Songkla University (PSU), REVA University, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia, Sir M Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology and many more.As chairman of this, 2ndInternational Conference on Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering (ICI&ME), I thank to all the committee that have been involved to succeeded this conference and may this conference will be blessed by Allah SWT. and we are all given health and protection from the COVID 19 virus. Please have a grateful day with ICI&ME. Ir. Aulia Ishak, MT, Ph.D. Chairman

The Mechanical Engineering Cooperation Agency (BKS-TM Indonesia) has established the International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in Mechanical Engineering (ISAIME) as an annual scientific forum for academics, researchers, and practitioners in mechanical engineering. The 6 th ISAIME was convened on 9 October 2025, organized by the Mechanical Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia, with the theme “Artificial Intelligence and Sustainability in Mechanical Engineering: Smart Solution for a Greener Future.” This symposium served as a platform to present and discuss recent advances, research findings, and innovations across a wide range of topics, including mechanical application design, energy conversion, manufacturing processes, materials engineering, and mechanical engineering education. Distinguished experts delivered a total of two keynote lectures from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and the Université Laval, Canada, while 112 papers were presented and grouped into four thematic areas: mechanical application design, energy conversion, manufacturing processes, and materials engineering. These contributions reflect the growing role of mechanical engineering in advancing technological innovation, environmental sustainability, and human resource development within Industry 4.0. The Organizing Committee gratefully acknowledges the sponsorship and support of various companies and partner institutions, as well as the commitment of all speakers, authors, and participants who contributed to the success of this event. The knowledge and insights shared during the 6 th ISAIME are expected to foster academic collaboration, strengthen networks between academia and industry, and advance science and technology in mechanical engineering.

Preface to the 1st ICI&ME 2018The ICI&ME is the first International Conference on Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering by the Master and Doctoral Program of Industrial Engineering, University of Sumatera Utara (USU), held from 16-17th October 2018 in Medan, Indonesia, with the theme “Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Practice for Local Industries”. This conference is an extended collaboration between University of Sumatera Utara (USU), Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), and Prince of Songkla University (PSU) to intensify knowledge sharing and experiences between higher learning institutions.This ICI&ME Conference is a platform for knowledge exchange and the growth of ideas, particularly in manufacturing engineering. The conference aims to bring researchers, academics, scientists, students, engineers and practitioners from around the world together to present their latest findings, ideas, developments and applications related to manufacturing engineering and other related research areas. With rapid advancements in manufacturing engineering, ICI&ME is an appropriate medium for the associated community to keep pace with the changes. This year, 2018, the conference theme is “Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Practice for Local Industries” which reflects the role of industrial and manufacturing engineering to be developed for industries.The papers in these proceedings are examples of the work presented at the conference. They represent the tip of the iceberg, as the conference attracted over 167 full papers were accepted in these proceedings. The conference was run in four parallel sessions with 167 presenters sharing their latest finding in the areas of manufacturing process, systems, advanced materials and automation. The Keynote Speaker of this conferences are Prof. Dr. Ir. Abdul Rahman Omar from Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Malaysia, Rediman Silalahi as Director of PT Perkebunan Nusantara (PTPN IV), Prof. Dr. Ir. Sukaria Sinulingga, M.Eng from University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Indonesia, and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nikorn Sirivongpaisal from Prince of Songkla University (PSU) Thailand. The organizers are very grateful to them for supporting the conference and sharing their latest research results with the conference participants.As chairman of this International Conference on Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering (ICI&ME), I thank all the committee members that have been involved to make this conference a success and may this conference be blessed by God. Please have a grateful day with ICI&ME.Aulia Ishak, ST, MT, Ph.D.Chairman

PrefaceThis year, the Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik, IWW) of Chemnitz University of Technology is proud to host the Chemnitz Seminar on Materials Engineering – Werkstofftechnisches Kolloquium – for the 19th time.This traditional scientific meeting is an annual get-together of scientists and engineers both from academia and industry. Most recent research results and current issues are presented and discussed in various scientific sessions, such as materials engineering and testing, surface engineering with focus on thermal coating processes, composite materials, and joining technologies.Like last year, we have provided our contributors with the opportunity of publishing their work not only in the printed Proceedings Volume but also in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. The vast majority of participants chose to disseminate their interesting research results in this international, peer-reviewed journal. Consequently, this issue provides an excellent overview of the main topics of our colloquium.Chemnitz, March 2017Prof. Thomas LampkeProf. Guntram WagnerProf. Martin F.-X. Wagner

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. Type of peer review: Single-blind Each paper is plag checked using Turnitin software and undergone two reviews by the subject experts, and the reviewer comments are incorporated and verified to ensure the quality of the manuscript and then submitted to the IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering for possible publication.• Conference submission management system: Easychair• Number of submissions received: 110• Number of submissions sent for review: 90• Number of submissions accepted: 76• Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): 69.09 %• Average number of reviews per paper: 2• Total number of reviewers involved: 48• Any additional info on review process: All the papers were checked for similarity before and after review process and it is maintained to have less than 15% similarity.• Contact person for queries: Dr.M.KumarAssistant Professor Level III,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Bannari Amman Institute of technology,Sathyamangalam-638401, TamilNadu, India.E-mail: kumarm@bitsathy.ac.inMr.D.DineshAssistant Professor Level II,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Bannari Amman Institute of technology,Sathyamangalam-638401, TamilNadu, India.E-mail: dineshd@bitsathy.ac.in

It is a great privilege for us to present the proceedings of ISAIME 2022 to the authors and delegates of the event. International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in Mechanical Engineering (ISAIME) is an international conference initiated by Badan Kerja Sama Teknik Mesin (BKSTM), the Indonesian National Organization on Mechanical Engineering. This event is hosted by the Mechanical Engineering Department, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, and held in Makassar, Indonesia on October, 13th 2022. This conference is an invaluable opportunity for academia and researchers to present and publish their works on the advancement of mechanical engineering and technologiesISAIME conference has three broad topics namely energy, advanced material, and design and applied mechanics. On this occasion, there were four distinguished keynote speakers and oral presentations by participants which brought great opportunities to share their recent research works and knowledge with each other.Peer review committees tirelessly delivered constructive critical comments to the authors to improve the quality of the presented papers. We are very grateful to the keynote speakers, reviewers, advisory committee, session chairs, and all the authors for their active participation and principal contribution to the success of this conference. We would also like to extend our thanks to the members of the organizing team for their hard work.List of Editors, Steering Committee, Advisory Board/Reviewer, Organizing Committee are available in this Pdf.

1 Department of Material Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea 2 Environment-Energy Ceramics, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea 3 Electronic Materials Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea 4Department of Material Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea 5 Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

Research & Development in Material Science I Have a Dream and it's Green Chandramohan D* Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hindustan Institute of Technology & Science, India *Corresponding author: Chandramohan D, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hindustan Institute of Technology & Science, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603103, India Submission: February 27, 2018; Published: March 07, 2018 DOI: 10.31031/RDMS.2018.04.000583 Volume 4 Issue 2 March 2018

PrefaceThis year, we celebrate an anniversary: the Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik, IWW) of Chemnitz University of Technology hosts the traditional scientific meeting, the Chemnitz Seminar on Materials Engineering – Werkstofftechnisches Kolloquium – for the 20th time.We always strive to bring together scientists and engineers both from academia and industry, and this is again reflected by this year’s different scientific sessions that cover various relevant topics, such as electroplating, composite materials, developments in steels, additive manufacturing and many more. Part of our scientific program is a special colloquium that marks the successful completion of the Collaborative Research Center SFB 692, which was launched in Chemnitz 12 years ago and has now reached the end of its regular funding period.Like in the last years, we chose the IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering to provide all contributors with the opportunity to publish their papers in an international, peer-reviewed journal. This is understood and appreciated by nearly all participants of our meeting, and therefore this volume provides an excellent overview of the main topics of our Seminar.Chemnitz, April 2018Prof. Thomas Lampke Prof. Guntram Wagner Prof. Martin F.-X. Wagner

2019 International Conference on Materials Science and Manufacturing Engineering (MSME 2019) was held in Guangzhou, China from Nov.7 to 9, 2019. MSME 2019 was organized by Hong Kong Society of Mechanical Engineers (HKSME), supported by South China university of technology. The conference provides a useful and wide platform both for display the latest research and for exchange of research results and thoughts in Materials Science, Manufacturing Engineering and other topics. The participants of the conference were from almost every part of the world, with background of either academia or industry, even well-known enterprise. The success and prosperity of the conference is reflected high level of the papers received.The proceedings are a compilation of the accepted papers and represent an interesting outcome of the conference. This book covers 3 chapters: Materials engineering, Design and manufacturing and Aerospace engineering.We would like to acknowledge all of those who supported MSME 2019. Each individual and institutional help were very important for the success of this conference. Especially we would like to thank the organizing committee for their valuable advices in the organization and helpful peer review of the papers.We sincerely hope that MSME 2019 will be a forum for excellent discussions that will put forward new ideas and promote collaborative researches. We are sure that the proceedings will serve as an important research source of references and the knowledge, which will lead to not only scientific and engineering progress but also other new products and processes.Prof. Ruxu Du, South China University of Technology, China