Principal non-commutative torus bundles

We give a simplified definition of topological T-duality that applies to arbitrary torus bundles. The new definition does not involve Chern classes or spectral sequences, only gerbes and morphisms between them. All the familiar topological conditions for T-duals are shown to follow. We determine necessary and sufficient conditions for existence of a T-dual in the case of affine torus bundles. This is general enough to include all principal torus bundles as well as torus bundles with arbitrary monodromy representations. We show that isomorphisms in twisted cohomology, twisted K-theory and of Courant algebroids persist in this general setting. We also give an example where twisted K-theory groups can be computed by iterating T-duality.

At variance from the cases of relative equilibria and relative periodic orbits of dynamical systems with symmetry, the dynamics in relative quasi-periodic tori (namely, subsets of the phase space that project to an invariant torus of the reduced system on which the flow is quasi-periodic) is not yet completely understood. Even in the simplest situation of a free action of a compact and abelian connected group, the dynamics in a relative quasi-periodic torus is not necessarily quasi-periodic. It is known that quasi-periodicity of the unreduced dynamics is related to the reducibility of the reconstruction equation, and sufficient conditions for it are virtually known only in a perturbation context. We provide a different, though equivalent, approach to this subject, based on the hypothesis of the existence of commuting, group-invariant lifts of a set of generators of the reduced torus. Under this hypothesis, which is shown to be equivalent to the reducibility of the reconstruction equation, we give a complete description of the structure of the relative quasi-periodic torus, which is a principal torus bundle whose fibers are tori of a dimension which exceeds that of the reduced torus by at most the rank of the group. The construction can always be done in such a way that these tori have minimal dimension and carry ergodic flow.

We introduce a new geometric structure on differentiable manifolds. A contact-symplectic pair on a manifold M is a pair (α, η) where α is a Pfaffian form of constant class 2k + 1 and η a 2-form of constant class 2h such that α Λ dα k Λ η h is a volume form. Each form has a characteristic foliation whose leaves are symplectic and contact manifolds respectively. These foliations are transverse and complementary. Some other differential objects are associated to it. We give a local model and several existence theorems on nilpotent Lie groups, nilmanifolds and principal torus bundles. As a deep application of this theory, we give a negative answer to the famous Reeb's problem which asks if every vector field without closed 1-codimensional transversal on a manifold having contact forms is the Reeb vector field of a contact form.

We consider the geometric and non-geometric faces of closed string vacua arising by T-duality from principal torus bundles with constant H-flux and pay attention to their double phase space description encompassing all toroidal coordinates, momenta and their dual on equal footing. We construct a star-product algebra on functions in phase space that is manifestly duality invariant and substitutes for canonical quantization. The 3-cocycles of the Abelian group of translations in double phase space are seen to account for non-associativity of the star-product. We also provide alternative cohomological descriptions of non-associativity and draw analogies with the quantization of point-particles in the field of a Dirac monopole or other distributions of magnetic charge. The magnetic field analogue of the R-flux string model is provided by a constant uniform distribution of magnetic charge in space and non-associativity manifests as breaking of angular symmetry. The Poincare vector comes to rescue angular symmetry as well as associativity and also allow for quantization in terms of operators and Hilbert space only in the case of charged particles moving in the field of a single magnetic monopole.

The compact complex manifolds considered in this article are principal torus bundles over a torus. We consider the Kodaira Spencer map of the complete Appell Humbert family (introduced by the first author in Part I) and are able to show that we obtain in this way a connected compo- nent of the space of complex structures each time that the base dimension is two, the fibre dimension is one, and a suitable topological condition is verified.

We present a number of findings concerning groupoid dynamical systems and groupoid crossed products. The primary result is an identification of the spectrum of the groupoid crossed product when the groupoid has continuously varying abelian stabilizers and a well behaved orbit space. In this case, the spectrum of the crossed product is homeomorphic, via an induction map, to a quotient of the spectrum of the crossed product by the stabilizer group bundle. The main theorem is also generalized in the groupoid algebra case to an identification of the primitive ideal space. This generalization replaces the assumption that the orbit space is well behaved with an amenability hypothesis. We then use induction to show that the primitive ideal space of the groupoid algebra is homeomorphic to a quotient of the dual of the stabilizer group bundle. In both cases the identification is topological. We then apply these theorems in a number of examples, and examine when a groupoid algebra has Hausdorff spectrum. As a separate result, we also develop a theory of principal groupoid group bundles and locally unitary groupoid actions. We prove that such actions are characterized, up to exterior equivalence, by a cohomology class which arises from a principal bundle. Furthermore, we also demonstrate how to construct a locally unitary action from a given principal bundle. This last result uses a duality theorem for abelian group bundles which is also included as part of this thesis.

We apply the C * -algebraic formalism of topological T-duality due to Mathai and Rosenberg to a broad class of topological spaces that include the torus bundles appearing in string theory compactifications with duality twists, such as nilmanifolds, as well as many other examples. We develop a simple procedure in this setting for constructing the T-duals starting from a commutative C * -algebra with an action of R n . We treat the general class of almost abelian solvmanifolds in arbitrary dimension in detail, where we provide necessary and sufficient criteria for the existence of classical T-duals in terms of purely group theoretic data, and compute them explicitly as continuous-trace algebras with non-trivial Dixmier-Douady classes. We prove that any such solvmanifold has a topological T-dual given by a C *algebra bundle of noncommutative tori, which we also compute explicitly. The monodromy of the original torus bundle becomes a Morita equivalence among the fiber algebras, so that these C * -algebras rigorously describe the T-folds from non-geometric string theory.

A toric principal G -bundle is a principal G -bundle over a toric variety together with a torus action commuting with the G -action. Recently, extending the Klyachko classification of toric vector bundles, Kaveh–Manon give a classification of toric principal G -bundles using piecewise linear maps to the (extended) Tits building of G . In this paper, we use the Kaveh–Manon classification to give a description of the (equivariant) automorphism group of a toric principal bundle as well as a simple criterion for (equivariant) reduction of structure group, recovering results of Dasgupta et al. Finally, motivated by the equivariant splitting problem for toric principal bundles, we introduce the notion of Helly’s number of a building and pose the problem of giving sharp upper bounds for Helly’s numbers of Tits buildings of semisimple algebraic groups G .

Connections on locally trivial quantum principal fibre bundles

We conjecture an explicit formula for the higher-dimensional Dirichlet character; the formula is based on the K K -theory of the so-called noncommutative tori. It is proved that our conjecture is true for the two-dimensional and one-dimensional (degenerate) noncommutative tori. In the second case, one gets a noncommutative analog of the Artin reciprocity law.

We show that noncommutative gauge theory in two dimensions is an exactly solvable model. A cohomological formulation of gauge theory defined on the noncommutative torus is used to show that its quantum partition function can be written as a sum over contributions from classical solutions. We derive an explicit formula for the partition function of Yang-Mills theory defined on a projective module for arbitrary noncommutativity parameter \theta which is manifestly invariant under gauge Morita equivalence. The energy observables are shown to be smooth functions of \theta. The construction of noncommutative instanton contributions to the path integral is described in some detail. In general, there are infinitely many gauge inequivalent contributions of fixed topological charge, along with a finite number of quantum fluctuations about each instanton. The associated moduli spaces are combinations of symmetric products of an ordinary two-torus whose orbifold singularities are not resolved by noncommutativity. In particular, the weak coupling limit of the gauge theory is independent of \theta and computes the symplectic volume of the moduli space of constant curvature connections on the noncommutative torus.

Invariance conditions for gauge fields under smooth group actions are interpreted in terms of invariant connections on principal bundles. A classification of group actions on bundles as automorphisms projecting to an action on a base manifold with a sufficiently regular orbit structure is given in terms of group homorphisms and a generalization of Wang’s theorem classifying invariant connections is derived. Illustrative examples on compactified Minkowski space are given.

Let M be a holomorphic Seifert fiber space as constructed in Conner and Raymond [3] and let O M be the sheaf of germs of holomorphic vector fields on M. The purpose of this paper is to study the cohomology group H I(M, OM) and to describe the small deformations of M. Since M is given as a quotient of a principal torus bundle, it would be natural to use the cohomology of groups with coefficients in sheaves with operators to describe M and objects associated to it. These groups were introduced in Grothendieck [4] and also in Kodaira [7], Conner [2] and Conner and Raymond [3] by different approaches. In Sect. 1, we review these groups. Using the equivariant version of the Leray spectral sequence obtained in Sect. 1, we give a decomposition of H~(M, OM) into the direct sum of complex vector groups C, E, F and H in Sect. 2. In Sect's. 3 through 6, we study the geometric significance of the groups C, E, F and H. In Sect. 7, we compute these vector groups when the dimension of the base space is one and give some examples. It is possible to deal with r fibrations in a similar manner. It will be done in a forthcoming paper [14]. I would like to thank F. Raymond for many valuable conversations.

In this paper, we review the parametrized strict deformation quantization of C*-bundles obtained in a previous paper, and give more examples and applications of this theory. In particular, it is used here to classify H3-twisted noncommutative torus bundles over a locally compact space. This is extended to the case of general torus bundles and their parametrized strict deformation quantization. Rieffel’s basic construction of an algebra deformation can be mimicked to deform a monoidal category, which deforms not only algebras but also modules. As a special case, we consider the parametrized strict deformation quantization of Hilbert C*-modules over C*-bundles with fibrewise torus action.

We study aspects of gauge theory on tori which are a consequences of Morita equivalence. In particular we study the behavior of gauge theory on noncommutative tori for arbitrarily close rational values of Theta. For such values of Theta, there are Morita equivalent descriptions in terms of Yang-Mills theories on commutative tori with very different magnetic fluxes and rank. In order for the correlators of open Wilson lines to depend smoothly on Theta, the correlators of closed Wilson lines in the commutative Yang-Mills theory must satisfy strong constraints. If exactly satisfied, these constraints give relations between small and large N gauge theories. We verify that these constraints are obeyed at leading order in the 1/N expansion of pure 2-d QCD and of strongly coupled N=4 super Yang-Mills theory.