Progress of traumatic stress disorder in emergency rescue workers

Plotting earthquake emergency maps based on audience theory

هدف البحث الحالي إلي: الکشف عن أثر التدريب على برنامج للعلاج الإنتقائي في خفض حدة أعراض اضطراب ما بعد الضغوط الصدمية لدى المجموعة التجريبية.، إعداد وتطبيق برنامج للعلاج الإنتقائى لخفض حدة أعراض إضطراب مابعد الضغوط الصدميه لدى عينة الدراسة التجريبية.،بناء مقياس اضطراب ما بعد الضغوط الصدمية لطالبات المرحلة المتوسطة .حيث تسعى الباحثة لبناء مقياس لإضطراب ما بعد الضغوط الصدمية يناسب المرحلة المتوسطة من التعليم . وتصميم استبيان مفتوح التأکد من التعرض لحدث صدمي و يعتمد البحث الحالي علي المنهج التجريبي ( ذات المجموعة التجربية الواحدة ). و تکونت العينة الإسطلاعية من ستين(60) طالبة من طالبات المرحلة المتوسطة، ترواحت أعمارهن من (11-14) عاما وبمتوسط أعمارهن 12.37 وبإنحراف معياري(+-0.55 ) وتم الإعتماد علي العينة في التحقق من الکفاءة السکومترية لمقياس الدراسة واستخراج عينة الدراسة الأساسية والتي تکونت عينة الدراسة من (5) طالبات من الطالبات الوافدات من المرحلة المتوسطة بمدينة بريدة بمنطقة القصيم،. وطبق عليها أدوات الدراسة ومنها:، مقياس إضطراب ما بعدالضغوط الصدمية لطالبات المرحلة المتوسطة (إعداد: الباحثة )، إستبان التأکد من التعرض لحدث صدمي ( إعداد الباحثة ) ، البرنامج العلاجي (إعداد: الباحثة ) ، إعتمد البحث الحالي علي مجموعة من الأساليب الإحصائية ومنها: - معامل الإرتباط لببرسون ، معامل ارتباط ألفا ،اختبار ولکوکوسن Wilcoxon ، وتم استخدام البرنامج الإحصائي SPSSلإيجاد المتوسطات والوسيط والإنحرافات المعيارية وإتمام المعالجة الإحصائية، واسفرت النتائج عن تحقق فروض البحث حيث وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطى رتب أفراد المجموعة التجربية في القياسين القبلى والبعدى على مقياس اضطراب ما بعد الضغوط الصدمية لطالبات المرحلة المتوسطة لصالح التطبيق . مما يدل علي فاعلية البرنامج العلاجي في خفض حدة أعراض اضطراب ما بعد الضغوط الصدمية لصالح التطبيق البعدى.، وعدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطى رتب أفراد المجموعة التجربية في القياسين البعدى والتتبعى على مقياس الدراسة. مما يدل علي إستمرار فاعلية البرنامج العلاجي . The research objectives emerges in the followings: :Revealing The effectiveness of eclectic therapeutic program to relieve the severe psychiatric symptoms of post- traumatic stress disorder among the experimental group. And Preparing and applying eclectic therapeutic program to relieve the severe psychiatric symptoms of post- traumatic stress disorder ,bulding structur Scale for Post Tramatic Stress disorder among emigrant female students in middle school education,and design ascale for exposure to Tramatic Stress.The search dependes on using the experimental method (One experimental group). The study sample includs (60) girls From students in middle school. Their ages between (11_14) years and mean age(12,37), and standerd deviation (0,55-+) depending on the sample to check the effectiveness of psychometric study Scale and choose the basic study Sample that includs (5) from emigrant female students who are mueradat toType- 1-Traumata in middle school in Buridae city. Some Tools opplied on the study such as measurment of post- traumatic stress disorder among female students in middle school(Prepared by the Researcher). Ascale for exposure to Tramatic Stress(Prepared by the Researcher) . Therapeutic program(Prepared by the Researcher).Also using of statistical method as Peperson stander,Alpha Stander, Wilcoxon Test and SPSS statistic program . The study results clearifies the presence of statistically significant diffrances in mean renkes Scores of experimental group in pre /post applictican program of post- traumatic stress disorder for middle school students. The study indicats success of treatment program to relieve the severe psychatric symptoms of post- traumatic stress disorder to direction of post test .No statistically significant diffrances in mean renkes Scores of experimental group in post/ following measure test on study measure indicating continuation of effectivnessof the treatment progrom.

We investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health (depression, anxiety, sleep, traumatic stress disorder) and quality of life of 131 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 infection using validated screening tools (Table 1). Patients were assessed in the outpatient clinic 1-2 months after hospital discharge (from May 8th 2020 till February 4rth 2021). Sociodemographic information, smoking history, co morbidities and severity of disease (hospitalization, ICU) were also collected. Results (Table 1): 1.         Covid-19 patients experienced high levels of Depression, Anxiety, Traumatic stress, and sleep disorders. 2.          Rates of mental health symptoms are significantly higher for female patients despite having shorter duration of hospitalization and ICU admissions. In addition, depression rates in women increase with severity of depression and traumatic stress while the opposite was observed in men(p-value=0.004 and p-value<0.001 respectively). 3.          Smoking and co-morbidities were not found to significantly correlate with the presence of depression, anxiety or insomnia. 4.         Quality of life was worse for patients that have had an admission in the ICU (p-value<0.001).  In conclusion, COVID-19 disease can have a considerable psychological impact on hospitalized patients and particularly women; our findings highlight the need for appropriate interventions to promote physical and mental wellbeing of COVID-19 survivors.

Objective To explore effect of psychological intervention on negative automatic thoughts,self acceptance and social support for patients with type 2 diabetic cataract.Methods Patients with diagnosed type 2 diabetic cataract(n=105)were divided into the research group(56 cases)and the control group(49 cases).The centrol group received routine treatment.The research group was given psychological and behavioral intervention based on routine treatment.They underwent evaluation by negative automatic thoughts questionnaire (ATQ),self-acceptance questionnaire(SAQ)and social support rate scale(SSRS)before intervention and in the 2th and 6th weeks after intervention.The results were subsequendy analyzed. Results ATQ score of the research group in the 2th and 6th weeks were lower than that of the control group(P＜0.05).ATQ score,total SAQ score,score of SA and SD factors,total SSRS score and score of objective support,subjective support and utilization of support were all lower than those before intervention from the 2th week in the research group.While these happened in the control group only in the 6th week(P＜0.05).Total SAQ score and score of SA and SD factor were lower than those of the control group(P＜0.05).Total SSRS score and score of objective support,subjective support and utilization of support were lower than those of the control group(P＜0.05).Relative analysis showed total score of social support and its factors was negatively related with ATQ score,but was positively related with SAQ score and score of SA and SD factors(P＜0.05).Conclusions Psychological and behavioral intervention could reduce the negative automatic thoughts,allevinte self acceptance and increase social support degree for patients with type 2 diabetic cataract. Key words: Type 2 diabetes; Cataract; Negative automatic thoughts; Self acceptance; Social support

Abstract. The study aims to develop GIS technology for managing pathogen contamination disaster situations to cope with the occurrence of disaster situations caused by the climate crisis. This study was conducted in a situation where the budgets of institutions with many emergency rescue workers are being invested worldwide, and there are various risks such as water pollution due to climate change, so it is necessary to develop technologies to respond to them.In this study, methods and technical means for emergency response to pathogen contamination were prepared through professional analysis results based on spatial information, and rapid and accurate pathogen detection, situation recognition, event control and response methods, risk assessment and epidemiological investigation methods, and technologies were developed.Technological means include collecting and analyzing water quality data using satellites and drones, and evaluating the severity and degree of water pollution using social media data and photos. Through these technologies, a GIS platform that can effectively manage and provide data sources, data collection, interoperability, data harmonization, data management, and data processing is established, and commercialization is aimed at real users and field-oriented. These technology developments enable rapid response and response in disaster situations, and can reduce threats to life and safety.

Introduction: Disaster is an unwanted event and usually occur suddenly and is accompanied by many victims. Disasters can have many impacts, both physical and psychological. The psychological impact that can arise on disaster victims is called Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Not only on the victim, the person who served as a helper also can have psychological disorders. Psychological disorders in these helpers are called Secondary Traumatic Stress Disorder (STSD). This study was aimed to identify factors that influence the incidence STSD the Search and Rescue (SAR) teams in universities and BASARNAS Makassar. Method: This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach using total sampling techniques the samples in this study were all sar and basrnas member (n=60) who agreed to be the respondent and have involved in rescue activity on one last year. Data is collected by distributing questionnaires. Questionnaires used were Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale and Crisis Support Scale. The statistical test used Chi square test, Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression analysis. Result: The study showed that there was a relationship between the frequency of exposure, social support, and the length of work (p<0,05) and the incidence of STSD. However, the type of exposure has no significant relationship with the incidence of STSD. Conclusion: Social support is the most significant factor compared to the frequency of exposure, the type of disaster and length of work / joining. This research is expected to provide additional information on STSD risk factors. For future researchers, in order to examine other variables which is trauma history and coping mechanism the SAR team to experience symptoms of STSD

Objective To explore the effect of staged psychological nursing on negative emotion and social support in patients with bone injury caused by traffic accident. Methods Totally 80 cases of bone injuries caused by traffic accident from February 2016 to January 2017 were selected as the subjects.The randomized digital table method was used to randomly assign patients and divided into the control group and the observation group according to the principle of random allocation,40 patients in each group.The control group received routine care measures, while the observation group received staged psychological intervention on the basis of nursing care of the patients in the control group.Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were used to compare the difference between two groups of patients before and after intervention, such as negative emotion and social support. Results The observation group were treated by staged psychological nursing intervention, the SAS and SDS scores were (33.28±4.19),(35.71±5.18) points, which were significantly lower than control group(36.41±4.15),(38.12±5.03) points, the differences were significant(t=6.08, 1.96, P<0.01). The observation group of patients with objective social support,subjective social support and social support scores were (20.17±2.65), (24.81±2.84), (15.83±2.05) points, which were higher than the control group(16.11±2.54), (18.24±2.76), (12.34±2.01) points, the difference were statistically significant(t=7.14, 9.13, 7.32, P<0.05). Conclusions Staged psychological nursing can obviously improve the mental status of patients with fracture caused by car injury,reduce the incidence of depression and anxiety, and promote the recovery of patients.It is worthy of clinical application and promotion. Key words: Nursing care; Fracture; Anxiety; Depression; Social support

Background Post-stroke semi-incapacitated patients often experience a strong fear of disease recurrence, which adversely affects their psychological well-being and rehabilitation outcomes. Objectives To develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a psychological intervention program aimed at reducing the fear of recurrence in post-stroke semi-incapacitated patients. Methods This study was conducted in accordance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines. Post-stroke semi-incapacitated patients were recruited and assigned to either an intervention group or a control group according to the order of hospital admission. The control group received conventional psychological care, while the intervention group underwent a comprehensive psychological intervention program that included psychological support, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), rehabilitation training, and social support. The psychological status of the patients was assessed using the Fear of Disease Progression Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Chinese version of the Perceived Stress Scale before and after the intervention. Results Prior to the intervention, 83.5% of patients reported psychological fear of relapse, 75.5% experienced anxiety, 75.5% had depression, and 70.5% felt stressed. After the intervention, only 41.0% of patients in the intervention group had a psychological fear of relapse, 11.0% had anxiety, 2.0% had depression, and 5.0% perceived stress. The number of patients with psychological conditions was significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusions The integrated psychological intervention program, which combined psychological support, CBT, rehabilitation training, and social support, was effective in reducing the fear of recurrence in semi-disabled patients after stroke.

Sexual assault and Post -traumatic stress disorder-

Objective To examine the utility of implementing a neurorehabilitation intervention in pediatric psychology and neuropsychology training programs for building clinical competencies in neurorehabilitation. Method Using a convergent mixed methods approach, we surveyed neuropsychological and pediatric psychology trainees who completed training for the Teen Online Problem-Solving program (TOPS). The survey asked about training and competency on a 5-point Likert scale. Open-ended responses to “How has completing TOPS training changed how you practice as a psychologist?” were used for inductive thematic analyses. We surveyed site leaders and supervising psychologists at three hospitals (two in the United States and one in Canada) that integrated TOPS into their psychology training programs to provide case studies. Results 30 trainees completed the survey. Quantitatively, they indicated the TOPS program was a valuable part of training and improved understanding of neurological sequelae. Trainees endorsed that TOPS increased confidence and comfort working with adolescents and families and enhanced competency in delivering evidence-based interventions for neurodevelopmental disorders. Qualitative analyses yielded five themes: (1) enhanced clinical skills, (2) better tailoring to patients’ needs, (3) greater confidence delivering and adapting interventions, (4) equipping families with a helpful tool, and (5) informed feedback and recommendations for families. Conclusion Our mixed-methods analysis suggests that integrating evidence-based neurorehabilitation programs, such as TOPS, into neuropsychology and pediatric psychology training can build competencies, confidence, and interdisciplinary collaboration in neurorehabilitation.

Korea is conducting emergency rescue drills led by fire agencies in preparation for a major disaster. On the other hand, in Japan, when large-scale disasters occur, Emergency Fire Response Teams (EFRTs) from national fire headquarters are mobilized by requests or orders from the director-general of the Fire and Disaster Management Agency. EFRTs perform emergency rescue together with the Inter-Prefectural Emergency Rescue Unit of the National Police Agency, a disaster relief unit of the Self-Defense Forces, Technical Emergency Control Force of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, and the Disaster Medical Assistance Team of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Thus, EFRTs perform these exercises in collaboration with these working institutions. This study suggests the introduction of national mobilization of EFRTs and mobilization by various means such as transport planes of Self-Defense Forces or large helicopters, hutment training, and self-sufficient rear support exercises, such as Japan has done national exercises, and annual joint exercises of emergency fire response teams in block units.

This paper designs and develops an emergency rescue service for electric vehicles (EVs), which are likely to suffer from the battery depletion during their trips. Our design defines the interaction among three parties of EV drivers, the rescue server, and emergency vehicles to process the dispatch request and systematically meet the user requirement. Particularly, a comprehensive mobile application is developed on the Android operating system to help users to promptly send a rescue request to the server and monitor the request processing status. This user interface allows users to automatically specify its location and necessary personal information as well as view the distribution of emergency vehicles through user-friendly maps. Our design is scalable for a large number of emergency vehicles and rescue requests, accelerating the large deployment of EVs in our daily lives.

Ayurveda, an ancient Indian system of medicine, recognizes the importance of psychological well -being in overall health, including Cancer care. Individuals affected with cancer as well as those ongoing the treatment for cancer faces a lot of psychological issues, not addressed in a satisfactory manner through any system of medicine. Cancer patients frequently present with anxiety, depression, post -traumatic stress disorder. Ayurvedic psychological interventions for cancer patients aim to support their mental and emotional well -being, reduce stress and anxiety, improve coping strategies, and enhance overall quality of life. These interventions may include counselling and psychotherapy, stress management techniques, lifestyle and dietary recommendations, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications. Counselling and psychotherapy may involve providing emotional support and facilitating healthy coping strategies. Stress management techniques such as meditation, mindful journaling, and relaxation techniques may help patients manage stress and anxiety. Lifestyle and dietary recommendations may focus on maintaining a healthy daily routine, adequate sleep and a nourishing diet. Herbal remedies & herbs may be used to reduce stress and anxiety. Lifestyle modifications may involve regular exercise, spending time in nature, and engaging in enjoyable activities. Thousands of herbal and traditional compounds are being screened worldwide to validate their use as anti -cancerous drugs. The science of Ayurveda is supposed to add a step on to the curative aspects of cancers that have resemblance with clinical entities of Arbuda and Granthi mentioned in Sushruthasamhita. However, Ayurvedic psychological interventions should be used as complementary or supportive therapies in conjunction with conventional cancer care. Further research and clinical studies are needed to establish the safety and efficacy of Ayurvedic psychological interventions in cancer care and to better understand their mechanisms of action.

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of trauma due to Gaza war on Palestinians' PTSD and copings strategies. A sample of 374 adults, the age ranged from 21 to 60 years with mean age 41.5 (SD=8.6), 193 were males (53.9%) and 181 were females 46.1%. Participants completed measures of experience of traumatic events (Gaza Traumatic Events Checklist-20 items, War on Gaza), PTSD, and Ways of Coping Scale. Mean traumatic events experienced 5.4 traumatic events and 42% reported full criteria of PTSD. Mean coping scores was 107.28, acquiring social support mean was 29.59, reframing mean was 31.22, seeking spiritual support mean was 15.93, mobilizing family to acquire and accept help mean was 14.14, and positive appraisal mean was 13.89. Traumatic events were significantly negatively correlated to other coping strategies such as reframing and mobilizing family to acquire and accept help. Participants with no PTSD scored more coping, acquiring social support, reframing, and seeking spiritual support, positive appraisal. While, there was no significant differences in mobilizing family to acquire and accept help with PTSD.

In order to assess and treat child and adolescent traumatic stress disorders, clinicians need a guiding theoretical framework for conceptualizing the origins, course, and contributing (risk and protective) factors for these disorders. The current chapter therefore provides an overview of the leading psychobiological theories of childhood traumatic stress disorders. The chapter begins with a brief historical chronology of the dominant theories, followed by a summary of the scientific research that has informed theory development in the traumatic stress field. Then the major current theories of child and adolescent traumatic stress disorders are described, including learning/conditioning, cognitive/information processing, interpersonal/resources, developmental, and intergenerational theories. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the implications of these theories for clinical assessment and treatment of childhood traumatic stress disorders.