Protecting Indigenous Music in the Public Domain: HathiTrust Digital Library Case Study

In the mid-1990s, the Library of the Complutense of Madrid (UCM) applied the growing body of new technologies to a pioneering project: the digitization of a valuable collection of biomedical books. The result of the project was the Dioscorides Digital Library. Up to 2006, however, the pace of digitization was very slow, resulting in only 3,000 books and 50,000 digitized engravings. In September 2006, the Complutense University and Google signed a partnership agreement for the purpose of carrying out large-scale digitization of our public domain collections. The Complutense University Library is participating in this mass-digitization project with the following goals: To improve the discovery of the cultural heritage of Complutense and increase the number of potential readers; To fulfil its public service mission; To preserve and protect the original books; To enhance students’ and faculty research. By early 2011, the Complutense Library had digitized roughly 120,000 out-of- copyright books from the 16th to the 19th centuries. All these materials are easily accessible via the Complutense Library Catalogue, Google Books and HathiTrust Digital Library. The Complutense University of Madrid joined the HathiTrust Digital Library in November 2010, which allowed books digitized by Google to be stored on HathiTrust servers. The HathiTrust Digital Library is both a digital preservation repository and a platform for access. It provides long-term preservation and access services for public domain and in-copyright content from a variety of sources, including Google, the Internet Archive, Microsoft, and in-house partner institution initiatives. In early 2011, the number of HathiTrust public domain volumes reached the two million mark and the collection exceeded eight million volumes. In addition, and complementing the above, the digital content of the Complutense University Library will be aggregated to Europeana during 2011 and 2012.

Although theoretically the patent system is meant to bolster innovation, the current United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is cumbersome and involves a significant time investment to locate inactive patents less than 20 years old. This article reports on the development of an open source database to find these public domain ideas. First, a search strategy is explained. Then the operation and use of free and open source software are detailed to meet the needs of open hardware innovators. Finally, a case study is presented to demonstrate the utility of the approach with 3-D printing. The results showed how the Free Inactive Patent Search enables users to search using plain language text to find public domain concepts and then provides a hyperlinked list of ideas that takes users to the USPTO database for the patent for more information. All of the source code to operate the search and the website are open source themselves and provided in the public domain for free. In the case study on 3-D printing the time to identify public domain patents was cut by a factor of more than 1500. This tool has the potential for accelerating the development of open hardware technologies to create high value for the public.

The aim of this research was to develop a maintenance performance measurement model, based on three main steps, these being: (1) identify and screen factors affecting maintenance performance, (2) identify relevant key indicators for the measurement of maintenance performance, and (3) apply those key indicators developed as part of a manufacturing company case study. Using three reference models - the Cost of Poor Maintenance Model, the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award and the Context-Input-Process-Product assessment model, the first step was to identify a number of factors relevant to maintenance performance, as taken from previous research. The resulting 105 factors were a mixture of quantitative and qualitative factors, and were categorized according to the four perspectives within the Balances Scorecard, these being learning and growth, internal process, customer, and finance. A questionnaire used to screen those factors affecting maintenance performance was then distributed to stakeholders and maintenance staff at the case study manufacturer, which produces aircraft galleys and associated equipment. An analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, and according to the study results, 20 factors were found to most affect maintenance performance. Once the factors had been identified, a second step was carried out - to identify the key maintenance performance measurement indicators, of which 6 were financial, 6 were customer related, 5 were related to the internal process and 3 indicators were linked to learning and growth. The final step was to employ the indicators obtained as part of a study of the case study manufacturer, in order to evaluate maintenance performance there. The results of the evaluation, once obtained, helped develop a framework that could be used to improve the maintenance system.

Towards end-to-end government performance management: Case study of interorganizational information integration in emergency medical services (EMS)

This thesis aims to analyze the creative process of an arranger named Steve Handoyo in Semarang. The researcher used interdisciplinary approach with qualitative method and interpretative case study. The supporting data were collected from observation, interview, and documentation. Triangulation were used to maintain the validity of the data. The analysis of the data was in the sequence of data reductin, presentation, and verification. The findings shows that Steve Handoyo’s creativity are projected in three elements of Barret’s theory of creation, which are; (1) Conceptual Elements (impuls, feelings, ideas). This element is realized from Handoyo’s experience in campursari and orchestra. He also uses his feelings and imagination as the source of creativity.(2) Operational Elements(media, materials, technique). The used media are computer, midi, VSD plug in, violin, drum, cuk, and keyboard. The musical materials came form his experience learning Campursari and Orchestra, while the technicalities developed from the combination of musical instruments, including violing, drum, and keyboard with the sampling of “viona house”. (3) Synthesis Elements (persepsi bentuk visual). From his experiences, Steve Handoyo imagines to apprehend the work he is going to make. Based on findings and discussion, Steve Handoyo does not include all the elements of orchestral instruments into his work, the authors hope for Steve Handoyo's later work with orchestral music can be adjusted to the rules of orchestration that includes all elements of the Orchestral instrument so it does not sound just an orchestra feel.

This article draws on theories of creative development articulated by Sawyer and Green as well as reflecting upon data from case studies of projects run in Wales with community ensembles Wonderbrass, South Wales Intercultural Community Arts and London-based Kinetica Bloco. It proposes a model of learning for music education in Wales that promotes active creative participation and fosters the speaking of a musical language rather than simply the reading of it. In the context of Welsh Government’s recent education review, the article advocates a music policy of creative engagement, with musical materials that go beyond the pedagogy of imitation. Here I propose a creative engagement method that empowers participants to interact with musical materials by creating their own musical statements within a musical style or language, whether through extemporization, improvisation or composition.

PurposeThe purpose is to map the corporate structure of Vodafone Group. Through this, the paper will demonstrate the complexity of the company and argue for improved data availability to facilitate a better understanding of the mobile industry.Design/methodology/approachThe paper begins by briefly recounting some relevant literature before detailing the data sources used in the analysis of Vodafone Group. A structure of Vodafone Group, highlighting the use of holding companies, is then presented, after which a series of national case studies are detailed. The case studies are used to shed light on a series of topics that are subsequently discussed.FindingsThe paper highlights the organisational complexity of Vodafone Group. There are many more companies within the Vodafone Group than expected. These companies are held through a series of holding companies, some of which are located in tax havens.Research limitations/implicationsAssembling the data highlighted how little information is readily available in the public domain regarding the structure of telecommunications companies.Practical implicationsThere is a need for more data regarding the structure of mobile operators to be available in the public domain, so that a better appraisal of their actions by investors, regulators and governments can be made.Social implicationsUnderstanding the structure of mobile operators should enable them to be better regulated and appropriately taxed.Originality/valueNo other paper has examined in detail the organisational structure of Vodafone Group.

The role of women as leaders in the public domain is no doubt. Women have the same capacity as men when leading. This study aims to obtain a picture of women's leadership style so that they are able to lead in the public domain. The research method used is case studies, which is a case study of two research subjects that meet predetermined criteria. The results showed that both subjects showed a democratic leadership style that placed their subordinates in the same position, acknowledged differences, gave equal rights and opportunities, respected the strengths and weaknesses of other individuals, listened to aspirations but was still able to act decisively against mistakes. In leading women cannot be separated from the nature of motherhood such as nurturing and loving

Coastal cities: living on the edge.

Today, public spaces such as cafes and restaurants play an important role in people's daily life style, and use the coffee shops have increased significantly compared to the past, and consequently the number of coffee shops has increased significantly. For this reason, attracting customers and turning them into loyal customers have the considerable importance for coffee shop owners. Since the sense of belonging to a place creates an emotional interaction and connection between man and place and leads to a strong desire to be present and stay and return to that place, paying attention to the physical parameters effective in promoting a sense of belonging should be the main concern. The purpose of this study is to explain the concept of environment to recognize the physical factors affecting it in the coffee shop ،moreover, to examine how these factors work in a case study (Ivy Coffee Shop). The present research is a type of applied and qualitative one and in terms of descriptive-analytical nature, the first part has been done through documentary and library studies and the second part has been done through survey and field studies. The results show that the factors affecting the creation and promotion of a sense of belonging to the place in the coffee shop can be divided into physical, functional, social, cultural, personal, semantic and temporal factors. The physical component includes elements of light, color, materials, nature, furniture, texture and decoration, size and scale. The characteristics' quality and desirability play an important role in increasing the sense of belonging to place in coffee shop users. The most important physical characteristics to create the sense of belonging in the case model (Ivy Coffee Shop)are indigenous materials, connection with nature through the use of natural elements and special attention to artificial lighting.

Towards improving detection of early warning signals within organizations : an approach to the identification and utilization of underlying factors from an organizational perspective

Water Accounting Plus for Water Resources Reporting and River Basin Planning

Managing the carbon footprint of companies and addressing their respective decarbonization plans is a challenging endeavour. The aim of this study is to help companies better understand the issues around decarbonization and environmental performance by suggesting a holistic management process on which they could embark. This process comprises two crucial steps, which are (a) sustainability reporting and (b) low‐carbon roadmaps. These steps are covered and further developed based on a detailed study of the UK food retail sector. This sector is relevant due to its economic and environmental importance, but most importantly it has a significant record of available environmental reports in the public domain and a large potential to influence consumers, policy makers and multiple supply chains.Sustainability reporting is assessed by analysing environmental KPIs disclosed in corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports, and then these are compared against industry standards. This analysis highlights a general lack of consistency and transparency in CSR reporting of UK food retailers. Consequently, a low‐carbon roadmap based on relevant KPIs and on the ‘backcasting’ framework is presented as a case study in order to showcase how a hypothetical UK food retailer can employ a low‐carbon roadmap. The case study demonstrates that ambitious environmental targets are achievable if robust corporate action plans are followed. Furthermore, the case study indicates that capital might be misallocated in favour of highly visible environmental stores and on‐site energy generation technologies, whilst more could be done by applying energy efficiency measures that have the potential to deliver substantial carbon savings. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.

The nitric-oxide synthases (NOSs) make nitric oxide and citrulline from l-arginine. How the bound cofactor (6R)-tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) participates in Arg hydroxylation is a topic of interest. We demonstrated previously that H4B radical formation in the inducible NOS oxygenase domain (iNOSoxy) is kinetically coupled to the disappearance of a heme-dioxy intermediate and to Arg hydroxylation. Here we report single turnover studies that determine and compare the kinetics of these transitions in Arg hydroxylation reactions catalyzed by the oxygenase domains of endothelial and neuronal NOSs (eNOSoxy and nNOSoxy). There was a buildup of a heme-dioxy intermediate in eNOSoxy and nNOSoxy followed by a monophasic transition to ferric enzyme during the reaction. The rate of heme-dioxy decay matched the rates of H4B radical formation and Arg hydroxylation in both enzymes. The rates of H4B radical formation differed such that nNOSoxy (18 s(-1)) > iNOSoxy (11 s(-1)) > eNOSoxy (6 s(-1)), whereas the lifetimes of the resulting H4B radical followed an opposite rank order. 5MeH4B supported a three-fold faster radical formation and greater radical stability relative to H4B in both eNOSoxy and nNOSoxy. Our results indicate the following: (i) the three NOSs share a common mechanism, whereby H4B transfers an electron to the heme-dioxy intermediate. This step enables Arg hydroxylation and is rate-limiting for all subsequent steps in the hydroxylation reaction. (ii) A direct correlation exists between pterin radical stability and the speed of its formation in the three NOSs. (iii) Uncoupled NO synthesis often seen for eNOS at low H4B concentrations may be caused by the slow formation and poor stability of its H4B radical.

In recent times, managing customer relationships is of utmost importance for success in any industry category. While Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is mainly seen today from an IT perspective, there is another important side to managing customer relationships which relates to the use of soft skills. A balance of IT expertise and soft skills would give corporate organisations the golden median for managing customer relationships. A number of academicians have identified a large number of variables for CRM. However, based on the extant literature reviewed, the author has found an apparent dearth of cases of leading Indian organisations which detail the customer-related best practices. In this paper, the author has used the case study of a leading Indian Multinational Corporation in the IT Industry Wipro Ltd. and attempted to describe its customer-focussed initiatives. Wipro Ltd. is a diversified company and is among the top 3 in the Indian IT industry. It has its operations and customers across many continents of the globe. The case study is based on triangulation of data based on personal interviews with top executives of the Company, responses to an Executive Perception Survey and supplementary information available in the public domain.