Providing software support for economic analysis

This study uses representative samples of 10- and 12-year-olds from the third wave of the Children’s Words international survey (N = 48,499 10-year-olds from 35 countries, and N= 44,692 12-year-olds from 30 countries) to explore the relationship between four main economic indicators at the country level and a selection of children’s subjective well-being (SWB) indicators. The economic indicators included measures of wealth and wealth inequality, while the SWB indicators included general cognitive and affective indicators of the components of SWB and a selection of satisfaction items with specific life domains or aspects of children’s lives. Separated systematic linear regressions were calculated for each age group—each economic indicator being regressed on each SWB general indicator and on each of the selected satisfaction items. As is the case with previous research, the results do not display significant associations between economic indicators and cognitive SWB when using children’s data at the population level. In contrast, associations were identified between economic and affective indicators, and between the former and the correlation between affective and cognitive SWB at the country level. These results suggest that the affective and cognitive components of children’s SWB display idiosyncratic associations with both wealth and inequality indicators at this level, and that it is very important to analyse SWB components separately. This study also shows that satisfaction with some specific life domains (e.g.: with life as a student, time use or the freedom the child has) may display associations with some economic indicators at the macro level, while satisfaction with other life domains may not, meaning that overall life satisfaction may offer different associations with economic indicators, depending on children’s satisfaction with various life domains in each country. These associations may change with age in some cases. Findings contribute to questioning the hitherto widespread belief that a country’s macro-economic situation has little or no impact on children’s well-being and invite the use of children’s SWB indicators from a quadripartite conception—including overall satisfaction with life and life domains, positive affect and negative affect—to monitor the implementation of public policies aimed at children.

Simulating the Economic Impact of Resources Depletion Using a Computable General Equilibrium Model for Romania

Patients, families, the healthcare system, and society as a whole are all significantly impacted by rare diseases (RDs). According to various classifications, there are currently up to 9,000 different rare diseases that have been recognized, and new diseases are discovered every month. Although very few people are affected by each uncommon disease individually, millions of people are thought to be impacted globally when all these conditions are considered. Therefore, RDs represent an important public health concern. Although crucial for clinical care, early and correct diagnosis is still difficult to achieve in many nations, especially those with low and middle incomes. Consequently, a sizeable amount of the overall burden of RD is attributable to undiagnosed RD (URD). Existing barriers and policy aspects impacting the care of patients with RD and URD remain to be investigated. To identify unmet needs and opportunities for patients with URD, the Developing Nations Working Group of the Undiagnosed Diseases Network International (DNWG-UDNI) conducted a survey among its members, who were from 20 different nations. The survey used a mix of multiple choice and dedicated open questions covering a variety of topics. To explore reported needs and analyze them in relation to national healthcare economical aspects, publicly available data on (a) World Bank ranking; (b) Current health expenditure per capita; (c) GDP per capita; (d) Domestic general government health expenditure (% of GDP); and (e) Life expectancy at birth, total (years) were incorporated in our study. This study provides an in-depth evaluation of the unmet needs for 20 countries: low-income (3), middle-income (10), and high-income (7). When analyzing reported unmet needs, almost all countries (N = 19) indicated that major barriers still exist when attempting to improve the care of patients with UR and/or URD; most countries report unmet needs related to the availability of specialized care and dedicated facilities. However, while the countries ranked as low income by the World Bank showed the highest prevalence of referred unmet needs across the different domains, no specific trend appeared when comparing the high, upper, and low-middle income nations. No overt trend was observed when separating countries by current health expenditure per capita, GDP per capita, domestic general government health expenditure (% of GDP) and life expectancy at birth, total (years). Conversely, both the GDP and domestic general government health expenditure for each country impacted the presence of ongoing research. We found that policy characteristics varied greatly with the type of health system and country. No overall pattern in terms of referral for unmet needs when separating countries by main economic or health indicators were observed. Our findings highlight the importance of identifying actionable points (e.g., implemented orphan drug acts or registries where not available) in order to improve the care and diagnosis of RDs and URDs on a global scale.

This paper presents an optimization modeling approach to support strategic planning for designing hydrogen supply chain (HSC) networks. The energy source for hydrogen production is proposed to be electricity generated at Mexican sugar factories. This study considers the utilization of existing infrastructure in strategic areas of the country, which brings several advantages in terms of possible solutions. This study aims to evaluate the economic and environmental implications of using biomass wastes for energy generation, and its integration to the national energy grid, where the problem is addressed as a mixed-integer linear program (MILP), adopting maximization of annual profit, and minimization of greenhouse gas emissions as optimization criteria. Input data is provided by sugar companies and the national transport and energy information platform, and were represented by probability distributions to consider variability in key parameters. Independent solutions show similarities in terms of resource utilization, while also significant differences regarding economic and environmental indicators. Multi-objective optimization was performed by a genetic algorithm (GA). The optimal HSC network configuration is selected using a multi-criteria decision technique, i.e., TOPSIS. An uncertainty analysis is performed, and main economic indicators are estimated by investment assessment. Main results show the trade-off interactions between the HSC elements and optimization criteria. The average internal rate of return (IRR) is estimated to be 21.5% and average payback period is 5.02 years.

ABSTRACTThe present study aims to cluster five Asia Pacific destinations (Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Singapore) with respect to other countries according to the evolution of the main tourism and economic indicators over the period between 2000 and 2014. By assigning a numerical value to each country corresponding to its position, we summarize all the information into two components (“tourism expenditure and profitability of tourism activity” and “tourism development and economic growth”) using different multivariate techniques for dimensionality reduction. By means of perceptual maps, we find that the five Asia Pacific destinations can be clustered into three different groups: Hong Kong and Singapore, which are the most mature markets; Indonesia and the Philippines, with moderate growth rates in most variables; and Cambodia, with top positions in all variables, showing a huge potential in terms of growth and tourism development and the challenges derived therefrom.

Goal. To analyze and summarize the peculiarities of the activities of business entities that are representatives of different jurisdictions and are components of the general global marketing ecosystem that provides services of an advertising nature for the promotion of products (goods, works, services), in the context of the influence of such peculiarities on approaches to determining the main financial and economic indicators of activity and accounting processes and processes of formation of various types of reporting in such an ecosystem. Method. Methods of studying and summarizing information, methods of system analysis, synthesis, and generalization were used for the research. The results. The article examines the peculiarities of the accounting and regulatory nature of the activities of global marketing ecosystems and their components, which, most often, have different jurisdictions for the implementation of their business and economic activities, in the context of determining the main financial and economic indicators of their activities and the formation of various forms of reporting (accounting, financial, tax, management). Scientific novelty. The generalized stages of a methodical approach to the creation (improvement) of information and analytical support for the task of assessing financial and economic indicators of global marketing ecosystems have been defined. Practical value. Taking into account the accounting features identified based on the analysis of the implementation of global marketing ecosystems’ activities will allow the formation of specific practical recommendations for improving approaches to automating accounting processes within such an ecosystem.

The article provides an overview of the effects of the resonant impact of clusters on the ability of mountain areas to adapt to the modern realities of the technological level, as well as the ability to apply innovations, attract investment in the agro-industrial and tourist cluster. A panel of indicators is presented that provides correct comparability of achievements and reflects information for aggregation by various parameters of the economic and geographical indicators of the region: the national environmental rating of the subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District; indicators of sustainable development of the Russian Federation and the North Caucasus Federal District; investment risk of the republics of the North Caucasus Federal District; the main economic and social indicators of the RSO-Alania. It is established that the geoinformation study of the use of a multicomponent indicator of the state of mountain territories is the basis for determining the vector of their further socio-economic development and justifying appropriate management decisions to stabilize economic development. The peculiarity of the approach is the selection of criteria that will be used in the development of mechanisms for the sustainable development of mountain territories according to the target indicators, in accordance with the UN resolution "Transforming our world in the field of sustainable develop-ment for the period up to 2030".

The exchange rate is an instrument of state influence on macroeconomic and macro-financial processes. A correctly chosen exchange rate regime and its effectiveness create conditions for the development of the national economy, maintaining low inflation rates, achieving balance of payments balance, ensuring macroeconomic stability, raising the standard of living of the population, and strengthening the confidence of investors in the national monetary unit. International practice proves that the introduction of an adequate exchange rate regime helps to overcome crisis phenomena in the country’s economy. When developing a market economy, Ukraine implemented various exchange rate regimes – from rigidly fixed, regulated to free floating. At the beginning of the war in Ukraine, the monetary authorities returned to the fixed exchange rate regime, which allowed to stabilize inflation and contribute to reducing the decline of the economy. In this context, the chapter examines theoretical approaches to the choice of the exchange rate regime, conducts a retrospective analysis of the impact of the exchange rate regime on the main macroeconomic indicators of the national economy. An assessment the impact of the regime free floating of the hryvnia on the development the economy is carried out. The advantages of returning to a fixed exchange rate regime during wartime are considered. The result of the conducted assessments and analysis is the conclusion that the influence of the exchange rate regime in Ukraine was multi-vector. The regime of regulated hryvnia exchange rate was the most effective for the country, but its inadequacy in certain time periods and external shocks led to wave devaluations, which provoked crisis phenomena and had a negative impact on the main economic indicators.

В Ханты-Мансийском автономном округе - Югра в сфере туризма функционируют субъекты предпринимательства различных организационно-правовых форм и типов. Наиболее распространены малые предприятия. Сравнительный анализ основных организационных и экономических показателей, оценка их структуры и динамики выявили дифференциацию округа по состоянию предпринимательства в сфере туризма и дальнейшим перспективам его развития. Для развития туристского бизнеса субъектам предпринимательства ХМАО-Югры, органам государственной власти и местного самоуправления следует увеличить инвестиции в развитие отрасли, провести мероприятия по комплексному развитию внутреннего и въездного туризма. In the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug -Ugra, business entities of various organizational and legal forms and types function in the tourism sector. The most common are small businesses. Comparative analysis of the main organizational and economic indicators, assessment of their structure and dynamics revealed the differentiation of the district by the state of entrepreneurship in the field of tourism and further prospects for its development. For the development of the tourism business, business entities of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra, state authorities and local governments should increase investments in the development of the industry, and take measures for the integrated development of domestic and inbound tourism.

The influence of different floor areas in cages on the productivity, safety and economic performance of laying hens was evaluated. The study was carried out on chickens of the Ukrainian breed Birkivska barvysta of the egg production direction, the gene pool of which is preserved in the State Poultry Research Station of NAAS. The total number of birds in the experiment was 568 laying hens.The experiment was carried out using cages with an area of 90 × 90 cm when placing in them 7, 8, 9 and 10 birds, which corresponded to a stocking density of 1157.1, 1012.5, 900 and 810 cm2 per hen. The experiment lasted 33 weeks, starting at 17 weeks of age. The weight of the birds was determined by individual weighing at the beginning and the end of the experiment. Accounting for egg production, feed costs and mortality was carried out daily, the weight of eggs was determined at the age of 30 weeks by weighing the daily harvest in the context of groups. It has been established that stocking density significantly affects the main zootechnical and economic indicators of keeping laying hens. A decrease in the cage area to 810 cm2 per hen due to an increase in the number of birds in it led to a significant decrease in egg production, final live weight and safety, as well as to a deterioration in feed conversion (P<0.05). At the same time, the change in stocking density did not have a particular effect on egg weight. The obtained results show that the optimal placement for cages of this type is the placement of 7-8 layers in them at a stocking density of 1000-1150 cm2 per hen and a feeder lengthof 11-12.5 cm.Under such conditions, due to higher egg production by 21-27 pieces, safety by 5.5-6.2% and lower feed costs for 10 eggs, by 0.46-0.56 kg from one layer received 53.5-69 UAH additional gains compared to 810 cm2 per hen with a 9 cm feeder length.Placing birds of 10 heads in a cage, although it allows increasing its number in the poultry house by 43%, as a result of an excessive reduction in the area of feeding and drinking, harms its productive and economic indicators. That is, the increase in space for the birds - is a management tool that can be used to optimize the performance of egg production, preservation and consumption of feed in laying hens.

The relevance of the certification and conformity assessment of defense goods and mechanized demining equipment is due to the gradual harmonization of management systems in accordance with EU and NATO standards. The experience of the established practice of NATO member states provides for the assessment of compliance (certification) of defense goods with the established requirements, based on the results of which the manufacturer receives a certificate of compliance. Achieving interoperability with partner states in terms of armaments, military and special equipment requires a solution to the issue of mutual recognition of the results of conformity assessment (certification) of defense goods. A systematic analysis of the forms and methods of conformity assessment, a study of pricing methods for goods, services, financial and economic analysis and analysis of the legal framework for assessment (certification) of defense goods was carried out. The study of organizational and economic approaches to the determination of the cost of certification works and assessment of compliance, the main financial and economic indicators necessary for the preparation of methods for determining the cost of certification works made it possible to obtain a methodology for the complex assessment of the cost of certification works, which includes methodological approaches for determining labor intensity, determining the cost of certification work, determination of the cost of the work of the involved freelance personnel and the cost of the conducted tests. A financial and economic analysis and research of organizational and economic approaches to pricing of defense goods and demining machines have been made. The development of methodical approaches to the calculation of labor intensity and cost of certification works will simplify the work of certification bodies in the military sphere. The specified technique can be used to calculate the cost of certification of defense goods and demining machines.

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the advantages of the combined tool developed by the authors for improving pastures. The device of a tool for improving pastures is given. The results of comparative tests of existing guns and a mock-up sample of a combined gun are presented. During field experiments, fuel consumption, unit performance, soil crumbling, hardness, humidity, and soil density were determined. The calculation of the technical and economic indicators of the tool was carried out. According to the results of tests and calculations, it was found that the combined tool surpasses the existing tools used to improve pastures in terms of the main technical and economic indicators. At the same time, the developed tool allows to increase labor productivity by 6.1 times and reduce fuel consumption by 84.7%. As a result, annual labor savings amount to 823.1 people • h, operating costs will decrease by 82.5%.

Purpose. To develop an environmentally friendly technology for drilling and blasting operations in quarries that will ensure effective degassing and dust suppression during mass explosions by using a natural humate reagent in internal and external hydro-filling. Methodology. The study used a set of research methods: analytical – to establish the main technical and economic indicators that affect the cost of drilling and blasting operations; technical and economic analysis – to establish the relationship between the cost of operations, air pollution after massive explosions and types of hydro-fillings and concentrations of humate reagent. Findings. The paper presents the results of pilot tests of the effectiveness of applying the humate reagent in the preliminary humidification of blocks and its use in internal and external hydro-filling, which leads to a significant reduction in dust formation and degassing of mass explosions. During the period of production research from 2017 to 2021, the environmental efficiency of the use of internal and external hydro-filling with the use of humate reagent TU U 20.5-43384697-001:2020 was confirmed at the enterprises of the Metinvest Holding: PJSC Inhulets Mining and Processing Plant, Pivnichnyi Mining and Processing Plant, Tsentralnyi Mining and Processing Plant, as well as ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih, JSC Pivdennyi Mining and Processing Plant and Rudomain LLC. When using an aqueous solution of humate reagent with a concentration of 3 % in internal and external hydro-filling, the environmental effect involves on average: dust suppression – 54 %; neutralization of carbon monoxide – 62 %; neutralization of nitrogen oxides – 55 %. The results of industrial tests have confirmed scientific hypotheses regarding the processes of binding dust particles in the dust and gas cloud, as well as the effect of neutralizing explosive gases. Originality. Dependences of the concentration of humate reagent in internal and external hydro-filling and binding of dust particles during mass explosions with environmental efficiency in terms of dust and gas suppression were established. Industrial research will allow confirming the scientific hypothesis about the neutralization of CO by a humate reagent in mass explosions, which is based on the Langmuir theory. Practical value. An eco-oriented technology of drilling and blasting operations in quarries has been developed which is based on using humate reagents in internal and external hydro-filling and allows industrial enterprises using massive explosions to reduce dust, carbon and nitrogen oxide emissions.

Technical indicators and economic performance of dairy goat farms in Greece: An efficiency analysis

This article analyzes the current situation in the heating circuit of the boiler room. Nowadays the Taiginsky enterprise proposes to modernize the heat supply system. For the first time, the dual circuit scheme is applied instead of a three circuit scheme. The scheme was developed instead of the existing boiler room scheme. There is also a description of the main equipment of the boiler. A hydraulic calculation was performed and a piezometric graph of the existing and proposed schemes was built. In addition, there is the heat calculation of fire-tube boiler and calculated technological losses during the transfer of heat energy to consumers. The calculation of the main technical and economic indicators is given in the economic part. The protection system of boiler units from mechanical and chemical influences is considered.