Pseudo-Gradient Based Particle Swarm Optimization Method for Nonconvex Economic Dispatch

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Abstract This chapter proposes a pseudo-gradient based particle swarm optimization (PGPSO) method for solving nonconvex economic dispatch (ED) including valve point effects, multiple fuels, and prohibited operating zones. The proposed PGPSO is based on the self-organizing hierarchical particle swarm optimizer with time-varying acceleration coefficients (HPSO-TVAC) with position of particles guided by a pseudo-gradient. The pseudo-gradient here is to determine an appropriate direction for the particles during their movement so that they can quickly move to an optimal solution. The proposed method has been tested on several systems and the obtained results are compared to those from many other methods available in the literature. The test results have indicated that the proposed method can obtain less expensive total costs than many others in a faster computing manner, especially for the large-scale systems. Therefore, the proposed PGPSO is favorable for online implementation in the practical ED problems.KeywordsEconomic dispatchMultiple fuel optionsParticle swarm optimizationProhibited zonesPseudo gradientValve point effects