Public opinion analysis on resident standardized training based on Internet big data

Objective To analyze the application status of the full-range tutorial system in the standardized residents training in China. Methods Literature about tutorial system applying in the residents training in the Chinese literature network full-text database, Wanfang database and Weipu journal full-text database from database building up to September 2018 were collected and read to summarize and analyze. Results A total of 98 papers from 66 hospitals were included, of which 50 hospitals have developed the full-range tutorial system. The main contents of the thesis mainly focused on three aspects, the problem of current standardized training (28 papers), the necessity and function of the full-range tutorial system (71 papers) and the implementation mechanism of the tutorial system (63 papers). Sixteen studies indicated that positive effects on improving the quality of trainees or the satisfaction of teachers and students were found after implementation of a full-range tutorial system execution. Conclusions There are still many problems in the students, teachers and hospitals in standardized residents training in China. The implementation of the full-range tutorial system may help to solve the related problems. However, effective implementation mechanism building is an essential condition for the effect of the full-range tutorial system in standardized residents training. Key words: Full-range tutorial system; Standardized residents training; Literature analysis

ABSTRACTObjective:To evaluate the effectiveness of integrating case-based learning (CBL) with the flipped classroom approach in the standardized residency training of ultrasound physicians.Methodology:This was a retrospective study. A total of 26 residents undergoing standardized ultrasound residency training at Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital between January to August 2024 were enrolled in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n= 13) and a control group (n= 13). The experimental group received CBL and flipped classroom instruction, while the control group was taught using traditional methods. Theoretical examination scores, perceived learning outcomes and teaching satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:The experimental group achieved significantly higher theoretical examination scores than the control group (p< 0.05). Participants in the experimental group also demonstrated significantly improved learning outcomes and reported higher satisfaction with the teaching methods compared with those in the control group (p< 0.05, respectively).Conclusion:The teaching approach combining CBL and the flipped classroom model may enhance clinical reasoning, stimulate learning motivation, foster innovation and contribute to the overall effectiveness of standardized ultrasound residency training.

In this paper, we lay down a homogenization training standard for resident standardized training through a joint discussion among experts from three national resident standardized training bases. The aim of the homogenization of resident standardized training quality shall be reached through the synchronous implementation of tutorial system and comprehensive formative evaluation, the strengthening of training quality process management and the promotion and advancement of training quality of resident standardized training. Key words: Training base; Standardized residency training; Homogenization

Resident standardization training is an important part of postgraduate medical educa- tion and anesthesiology rotation is an important part in resident standardization training. Anesthesiology rotation is an effective way to improve the efficiency of hospital operation and is an important starting point to promote ＇comfortable medical＇ and hospital upgrades. To improving the quality of training, anes- thesiology department should establish training and supervision system clearly, organize teacher training regularly. Continuous improvements in institutional mechanism can be achieved by detailed theoretical studies, technical operations and departmental rotation examination requirements as well as by exchanging ideas between teachers and students. Key words: Anesthesiology; Resident; Standardization training

Objective To explore the teaching staff construction of resident standardizing training, in order to improve the resident standardizing training and the teaching quality. MethodsReference reviewing, experts consultation, questionnaire, Delphi method, and the key performance indicators have been used. Results The teaching physician access system and the resident teaching training system were established. ConclusionsIn order to ensure the development of resident standardized training, standardize the process of resident training, and elevate the resident standardizing training and the teaching quality. The relative uniform access requirements, as well as training and examination system must be established to improve the overall quality of the resident teaching staff. Key words: Residency training; Training physician; Training system; Teaching staff construction

The traditional teaching mode Lecture Based Learning (LBL) often results in student's poor initiative and independent thinking ability and low learning interest. This study aims to investigate the application of CT 3D reconstruction and 3D printing technology combined with CBL teaching mode in the clinical teaching of orthopedics and standardized training of residents. Sixty residents of our hospital were randomly selected to conduct the teaching of joint orthopedic content in orthopedic surgery courses. They were randomly divided into three groups at the time of admission, which adopted LBL teaching mode, CBL teaching mode, CT 3D reconstruction and 3D printing technology combined with CBL teaching mode, respectively. The theoretical knowledge scores and clinical skills scores of the standardized training students in the CBL+3D printing group were significantly higher than those in the LBL or CBL group. Students in CBL+3D printing group had significantly higher recognition in self-ability evaluation. The overall teaching satisfaction of students in CBL+3D printing group was 85.00% (P < 0.05). The combination of CT 3D reconstruction and 3D printing technology with CBL teaching mode can help the students to master the theoretical knowledge and practical skills in the standardized training of joint orthopedics residents, which can effectively improve the teaching quality.

The application of continuous quality improvement program in standardized residency training examination in the central Hospital of Shanghai Jiading was introduced to inquire into the way to improve the quality of standardized training of resident doctors. Through the steps of FOCUS-PDCA, we continuously improved the examination content and quality compliance training personnel, and developed the examination process including test, training, supervision, learning and using. After the implementation of the project, the percentage of the departments that meet the residency training examination requirements has been increased from 33.3% to 100% in our hospital. The percentage of the students that passed the licensed medical skills examination was 96.6% in that year. 100% of the students passed the graduation comprehen-sive examination. Year-end evaluation showed that the students' satisfaction degree to the teachers increased from 94.5% to 98.2%. Thus, through the implementation of CQI project, we achieved the goal of promoting teaching and promoting learning. Key words: Standardized residents training; Continuous quality improvement (CQI)

Institute for International Medical Education (IME) and World Health Organization (WHO) have proposed new demands and endowed with new meaning for the standards of medical personnel in the 21st century.Bringing them into the standardized resident training and to explore a set of systemic,scientific,rational and effective residency training model and quality assurance system is important measure to promote medical education in line with international practice and to raise the level of domestic clinical medicine. Key words: Resident; Standardized training; Medical education; Standards of personnel

Ubiquitous access to internet has resulted in more and more people going online to get their daily dose of news. In a 2010 survey conducted by the Pew Project for Excellence in Journalism, 41% of the respondents said they get most of their news online, 10% more than those who said they got most of their news from a newspaper. A lot of socio-technical factors have contributed to this phenomenal rise in adoption of online news in recent years. One of the biggest reasons why people are increasingly reading news online is because it facilitates discussion with peers (Nguyen 2010), offering different viewpoints which aid in forming a rounded personal opinion about the news story. The Pew survey found that 37% of online news users (and 51% of 18-29 year olds) think that commenting on news stories is an important feature to have. A lot of people tend to shape their opinion by reading discussion comments, reflective articles, blogs and even tweets about the news. Hence, an increasing number of people rely on online sources of news – be it news websites or news aggregator services like Digg, Reddit, Google Reader, Flipboard, Pulse etc. The problem with these news websites and aggregators is that the only way people can gather public opinion is by actively searching through the endless stream of comments and feeds, filtering out spam (which is a growing problem) and then reading the relevant posts. A top trending story on Twitter will typically see multiple tweets per second, and keeping up with the rapid flow of incoming tweets is quite cumbersome and cognitively taxing. Hence it becomes increasingly difficult and time consuming for someone who wants to get the pulse of the people affected by a news story. Furthermore, in certain scenarios people might want to look at more fine grained opinions. Currently, there is no elegant way to extract geographic and demographic impact of a news story. What is the public sentiment in Indonesia about the Arab Spring? How did the public opinion about the Wikileaks disclosures change as the story unfolded during the course of a year? It is very difficult and tedious to observe such patterns using the currently available news providers. This work attempts to solve these problems by proposing a news aggregator platform which pulls news stories from various sources and also aggregates public responses, reflections, opinions and sentiments associated with those stories. This data is presented in ways that are easily understandable so readers can make better sense of the stories unfolding across the globe. Such a news aggregator platform that gathers and display public opinion and sentiments about a story, must deal with various challenges – 1. Opinions are very subjective. Different people feel about a story in different ways. With such an enormous amount of diverse opinions and subjectivity, how can we possibly aggregate the responses into something that makes sense as a whole? ________________________________ Acknowledgements: Prof. Yardi, S. for the guidance Sethi, P. (2013). Public opinion aggregation by annotation and tagging of online news stories. iConference 2013 Proceedings (pp. 891-894). doi:10.9776/13453 Copyright is held by the author. iConference 2013 February 12-15, 2013 Fort Worth, TX, USA 892 2. There isn’t really a unified web standard for expressing opinion (in textual form). Some people tweet in 140 characters, while others write elaborate blog posts. Some websites employ tags which a reader can use to define and classify their public opinion, while others rely on threaded comments and comment ranking systems. How can a platform be flexible enough to adapt to all these varied standards so that it can extract valuable data from various sources? Perhaps the platform can create a new standard of expression on the web which is flexible and comprehensive enough to be used to express diverse views about every news story in the world. 3. How to filter out spam while extracting public opinion? 4. Once the platform has access to the data it needs, how should it be displayed to the reader in a way that makes sense? What forms of visualizations, illustrations and graphical representations can be employed to give the reader a holistic view of how people feel about a story? 5. How can the platform determine and convey effects of geographical, demographic and temporal variations as the story unfolds? These are just a few out of possibly many issues which must be dealt with. Previous research on similar public opinion aggregation services has greatly focused on natural language processing, data mining and text categorization and clustering. Xiaojun (2010) proposed a framework for crawling the web for comments and applying various data mining algorithms on the data to extract relevant information. Diakopoulos and Shamma (2010) used tweets posted in conjunction with the live presidential debate between Barack Obama and John McCain to gauge public opinion. Brody and Diakopoulos (2011) studied the use of word lengthening to detect sentiment in microblogs. This research proposes a solution – The Opinionated Reader, which relies on sentiment tags and annotations associated with a news story. The essential idea is to create a commenting, discussion and sharing plug-in which can be used by news websites and aggregators as a commenting solution for their news pages. Users wanting to share or comment on a news story through the plug-in are asked to tag the news story with sentiment tags and annotate the story with their reaction (happy/positive or sad/negative). These tags and annotations are stored, aggregated and linked to each news story. A mobile application provides the front-end interface for users to access the news stories and the aggregated sentiment associated with each story. The basic architecture is explained as follows: The Opinionated Reader – Mobile/Tablet App The app fetches news articles from various web sources, based on the interests and preferences configured by the user. In every news article, a portion of the screen real estate is reserved for Opinions which shows graphical visualizations and illustrations of the public opinion surrounding the news story. These visualizations include: A Sentiment Graph indicating the popular tags associated with the story (E.g.: “Shocking”, “Inspiring”, “Amusing” etc.). See Figure 1 for example visualization. A Positivity Graph which plots the level of positivity associated with the story on a time scale from when the news broke. See Figure 2 for example visualization. Figure 1. Example Sentiment Graph Figure 2. Example Positivity Graph iConference 2013 February 12-15, 2013 Fort Worth, TX, USA 893 The user can choose to see these visualizations for a particular time period in the evolution history of the news story, or for a specific country. The app also facilitates people to tag and annotate news articles from within its interface. The Opinionated Reader – Commenting and Sharing Web Plug-in These days, a common way of adding discussion and commenting functionality to news websites is by using 3 rd party services (like DISQUS). The Opinionated Reader is a similar service which can be embedded into the news articles of various news websites to enable commenting and sharing. When someone wishes to comment on an article, the comment is directed through this plug-in, which allows the users to annotate the article with the sentiment tags and reactions along with their comments. The Opinionated Reader saves this information along with the commenter’s location and date of comment (See Figure 3). Figure 3. The Opinionated Reader Web Plug-in 'Add Comment' dialog mockup The Opinionated Reader – Back-end The Back-end maintains a database of news items extracted from RSS feeds of various news websites. Each news article is linked with the sentiment tags and reaction/positivity annotations extracted from the comments and annotations gathered by the commenting plug-in. This data is used by the mobile/tablet app to generate visualizations (Sentiment Graph and Positivity Graph). The back-end also performs data mining on the tags and annotations for geographies and tracks the opinions across time. The back end system responds to queries received from the mobile app with the news story and associated tags and annotations, which are then rendered by the mobile app for the user. iConference 2013 February 12-15, 2013 Fort Worth, TX, USA 894 Discussion and Conclusion This design idea is still in a nascent state and has long hours of research, brainstorming, designing and development to go before it can be realized into something tangible. Twitter has grown exponentially in importance as a news source and it would be vastly valuable to integrate Twitter with The Opinionated Reader. Possibilities include use of special hash tags and natural language processing of tweets to extract public sentiment. The current design supports only two reaction annotations – positive and negative. Not every news story fits this annotation paradigm. Further research about human reactions to news stories might unveil interesting insights which would help zero in on a more robust annotation rubric. Lastly, since this service is envisioned to be non-curated and non-moderated, the value served by the app depends on the users themselves. Greater adoption will lead to more annotations and tags, which translates into a more accurate public opinion as presented to the user.

Objective To analyze the medical and surgical theoretical exam results of the resident standardized training in Jiangsu Province in 2011,and to discuss the impact factors of the theory exam results.Methods One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for comparing the mean value of three groups,the least-significance-difference method for pair wise comparisons of the all three groups;x2 test was used for pass rate comparison among two and three groups.Results The average score of medical and surgical were 65.5,64.8,pass rates were 84.8％,81.0％.Among the factors of difference of average passing rate was statistically significant,The higher average score and passing rate of medical categories are:tertiary hospitals (66.5,87.4％),southern region (66.5,88.6％),one years of doctoral degrees (70.1,100.0％),three-year master's degree (68.9); The higher avcrage score and passing rate of surgery categories are:tertiary hospitals (66.2,85.9％),southern region (65.7,86.1％),one-year doctoral degrees (68.9,96.3％),three-year master' s degree (68.3).Conclusions The factors affected medical and surgical theoretical exam results include training in hospital-level,area,resident physicians education,training time. Key words: Resident standardized training; Stage assessment ; Theoretical test; Analysis ; Reflection

Resident standardized training plays an irreplaceable role in the training of medical students in China, including the construction of training bases, and the implementation of national graded diagnosis and treatment. From the perspective of medical education history, this project combined historical research methods and historical thinking methods into the field of standardized training for residents through literature review and expert consultation. The project selected the training mode, training content, tutor system and integration of the system. The four main aspects were historically and longitudinally explored, and the historical evolution of the standardized training of residents in China was described in a point-by-point manner. The regular trends hidden in the history in the system were further explored, and history was transformed into reality logic, so as to build a new pattern of medical and health industry from the cultivation of medical talents. Key words: Resident; Standardized training; Historical research methods

Cultivation of research and research capability is becoming more and more important in resident training, although contemporary standardized training still focuses on clinical capability. This paper introduces SUPER teaching, including training of slide making, updating practice, academic presentation, oral English and literature reading, and summarize its approach and essence based on our experience. It has been showed that SUPER teaching can improve research and research capability and benefit residents’ career development in future. SUPER teaching completes and enriches contemporary standardized training of residents in China. Key words: SUPER teaching; Research capability; Resident; Standardized training

Objective To explore the homogeneity of standardized resident training (SRT) in psychiatric department between general and psychiatric hospital in Jiangsu province. Methods Using questionnaire survey for research ability, health and psychology, and assessment of psychiatry and general medicine ability, clinical skills , humanistic quality, investigations about the homogeneity of psychiatric SRT results in Jiangsu province were made by investigating 106 SRT trainees in 7 psychiatric SRT bases (3 bases general hospital and 4 bases in psychiatric hospital) from November to December in 2016. Results The differences of trainees' clinical ability including psychiatry [(77.8±10.7) vs (72.6±11.0)], general medicine [(72.1±10.5) vs (62.2±11.5)], clinical skills [(79.2±5.1) vs (74.0±7.4)] and humanistic quality [(86.7±8.3) vs (90.2±5.2)] between general and psychiatric hospitals are significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions The SRT training effect on clinical skills for general hospitals are better than those for psychiatric hospitals, and the effect on humanistic quality is just the opposite. The homogeneity still needs to be further improved. Key words: Standardized resident training; General hospital; Specialized hospital; Homogeneity; Psychiatry

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and rationality of objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) used as achievement assessment for Postgraduate Year 1 surgery residents. Then the form and content of training and examination can be improved according to test results. Methods 31 Postgraduate Year 1 surgery residents were involved in the examination. The examination was composed of 5 stations, which were case analysis, wound dressing change, plaster fixation, laparoscopic simulator basic skills and irregular wound debridement suture. Each station was evaluated by centesimal system score and limited in 15 minutes. A questionnaire on their opinion and perception of the examination was given to each resident at the end of examination. A total number of 31 questionnaires were issued and recycled. The difficulty, discrimination and reliability of each station were calculated, and the correlation between each station was analyzed. Results The average OSCE score was (74.66±4.39). The difficulty of total stations was 0.747. The distinction was 0.578 and the reliability was 0.402. The second station was lowest difficulty, and the fifth station was most difficult. Every station's discrimination was larger than 0.400. The reliability of the second and the fourth station was low. There was moderate correlation between the first station and the second station, as well as the first station and the fourth station. But there was no significant correlation between other stations. Residents' questionnaire survey showed that the fourth and the fifth stations were considered as the most difficult, and the second station was the simplest. They thought the fourth was most helpful for clinic. They performed best at the second station and worst at the fifth station. Conclusions OSCE can effectively evaluate the efficacy of the resident training. The residents' practical competency skills can be assessed better by examination simulating complex clinical scenario. Besides, after examination, we need to objectively evaluate the assessment efficiency, and dynamically adjust the training content and examination form according to residents’ subjective opinions. Key words: Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE); The standardized training of residents; Surgery residents; Reliability; Evaluation

Objective To summarize the application and effect of volunteers participation model in the surgical clinical-skills final achievement examination of the standardized medical residency training. Methods By retrospective analyzing the 5 years’ data of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, compared the efficiency of the examination (preparation time, cost, staff numbers, whole and average exam time) ; The satisfactions of examinees and examiners; The pass rates of the volunteer trainees in the next year, before and after the application of volunteers participation model in the surgical clinical-skills final achievement examination of the standardized medical residency training. Results Compared to the traditional model, the application of volunteers participation model significantly reduced the average preparation time (t=47.8, P=0.000) , average costs (t=36.1, P=0.000) , whole & average exam time (whole: t=20.8, P=0.000, average: t=20.8, P=0.000) and staff numbers; improved the satisfactions of examinees and examiners (examinees: χ2=18.6, P=0.000, examiners: χ2=13.9, P=0.000) ; Increased the average pass rates (χ2=3.8, P=0.031) and besides, the pass rates of the volunteer trainees in the next year (χ2=5.5, P=0.006) . Conclusions The application of volunteers participation model is practicable in the surgical clinical-skills final achievement examination of the standardized medical residency training, and has a more effective advantage of the traditional model. Key words: Volunteers participation model; Standardized medical residency training; Surgical clinical-skills; Final achievement examination