PYOGENIC GRANULOMA: A CASE REPORT

This study aimed to investigate the current status and associated factors of hand and oral hygiene behaviors among adolescent students in Zhejiang Province, Eastern China. This study utilized a cross-sectional survey conducted in Zhejiang Province between April and June 2022. Data were collected through a self-administered, structured questionnaire that assessed tooth brushing frequency, hand washing practices before meals, after toilet use, and hand washing with soap. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify associations between hygiene practices and socio-demographic factors. The study included 26,101 adolescent students. Of these, 29.25% had poor oral hygiene practices, and the majority brushed their teeth twice per day (51.43%). Regarding hand hygiene, 78.06% exhibited poor hand hygiene before meals, 24.67% after toilet use, and 82.56% when using soap. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that higher parental education and greater family income were linked to a reduced likelihood of poor oral and hand hygiene practices. Conversely, older age and parental marital status (divorced, widowed, or separated) were linked to an increased risk of both poor oral and hand hygiene practices. Additionally, girls and only children were less likely to exhibit poor oral hygiene but more likely to have poor hand hygiene. The prevalence of poor hand and oral hygiene practices among adolescent students in Zhejiang Province, Eastern China was very high. Several socio-demographic factors were identified to guide future targeted interventions aimed at improving hygiene practices among this population.

REVIEW QUESTION/OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to critically appraise and synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of professional oral health care intervention on the oral health of aged care residents with dementia. More specifically the objectives are to identify the efficacy of professional oral health care interventions on general oral health, the presence of plaque and the number of decayed or missing teeth. INCLUSION CRITERIA Types of participants This review will consider studies that include residents with a formal diagnosis of dementia currently residing in permanent care in Residential Aged Care Facilities. This review will exclude participants that have not received a formal diagnosis of dementia as well as those who are not living as a permanent admission in Residential Aged Care Facilities. Studies conducted on community dwelling individuals with a formal diagnosis of dementia will be excluded. Types of intervention(s)/phenomena of interest This review will consider studies that evaluate the efficacy of professional oral health care performed by a dental hygienist. These studies involve professional oral health care performed by a dental hygienist using a toothbrush, interdental brushes, floss and hand scalers if necessary to remove plaque and food debris and in some instances hardened calculus or tartar. If there are studies involving the professional oral health care being performed by dentists or a combination of dentists and dental hygienists they will be included in the analysis. This review will exclude interventions involving staff training interventions and interventions performed by nurses/assistant nurses. TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS

To present a case report of extragingival pyogenic granuloma on lower lip which is an uncommon site for pathological entity and also to emphasize the reason for its occurrence. Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a benign vascular neoplasm more often appear as lobulated or smooth red nodular lesion commonly in gingiva. Extragingival occurrence of PG is very rare. The present article reports a rare case of 55-year-old female with PG presenting rapid growing mass on the lower lip. This article highlights the possibility on the reason for its occurrence which is important for the diagnosis in this atypical location. The primary etiology of lower lip lesion is trauma and contributory factors being poor oral hygiene and betel quid chewing. Pyogenic granuloma is one of the common lesions in oral cavity. This article highlights the pyogenic granuloma on lip which is an unusual site. Although it can be diagnosed clinically, atypical presentations lead to inappropriate diagnosis. Therefore, further investigation by biopsy confirms final diagnosis upon which treatment is instituted.

IntroductionDental caries and poor oral hygiene are among the major childhood public health problems. Although dental research frequently refers to the link between these conditions and behavioural issues, little attention has been paid to understanding the reason for oral health problems from a psychiatric point of view. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between poor oral health and hygiene and parental attitudes towards child rearing, parents’ and children’s oral hygiene behaviours, and childhood psychiatric disorders.Material and methodsThis study included 323 children aged 3–15 years. Decayed, missing, filled and decayed, extracted, filled indices, the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and the Parent Attitude Research Instrument were used in the study.ResultsWe found that the subjects’ hyperactivity/inattention scores were positively correlated with poor oral health (p = 0.001) and heavy cariogenic food consumption (p = 0.040). Tooth brushing frequency was found to be significantly lower in children who have a risk for conduct/oppositional disorders than in their non-problematic peers (p = 0.001).ConclusionsDental health and oral hygiene behaviours have close links with psychiatric disorders and psychosocial issues. Improving cooperation between child psychiatrists and dentists seems to be important in the prevention of paediatric dental problems.

The Gingivitis are often defined as diseases that affect school-age children often causing pain and depression, accompanied with not a very good learning performance at school. Studies have shown a high prevalence related to them. Gingivitis is caused by local as well by systemic factors. Frequently, it is caused by an inadequate hygiene leading to inflammation, bleeding of the gum and the formation of a bacterial plaque. If left untreated it progresses to more severe gums diseases, such as periodontal diseases, up to the destruction of bone and tooth loss. (1,4) The main cause of gingivitis is the plaque, a thin adhesive layer formed over the teeth as a result of mixing food waste with bacteria that are found in the mouth. Children are more affected by gingivitis diseases, due to a specific building of periodontal and to the poor hygiene in the mouth. For this reason, the prevalence of gingivitis is very high in children, particularly in adolescence. The prevalence of gingivitis is different in different communities and it varies from 50-100%. (5,8) Gingivitis is the most common form of the gingival diseases in children aged over 5 years old. It is characterized by the presence of clinical signs of limited inflammation to the gingival (gums), which is accompanied with exposure of the tooth without loss of gums attachment. (2) Gingival disease caused by the dental plaque is the result of an interaction between microorganisms found in the dental plaque and to the inflammatory cells and tissues of the body. The interaction between the plaque and the body shall be alternated from the effects of local systemic factors or both; by drugs, poor oral hygiene, dental anatomy and malnutrition which can influence the rate and duration of response. (3,6) Gingival lesions, which are not caused by the dental plaque as an oral manifestations of the systemic conditions that cause lesions periodontium tissues are very rare. These are observed in groups with a lower social and economic development, in the developing countries and in individuals with a compromised immune system. (7.14). Keywords: Gingivitis, dental plaque, inflammatory cells, drugs, poor oral hygiene, dental anatomy and malnutrition, etc.

Objective: To evaluate the oral health conditions of hospitalized children, as well as describe the knowledge and practices of oral health care adopted by their parents/guardians. Material and Methods: The sample was composed of 46 children who had been hospitalized for at least five days, who had erupted teeth in the oral cavity and were accompanied by their parents/guardians. Information was collected in relation to: the oral health status of children (DMFT/DEF), the socioeconomic profile and access to information on health and oral hygiene of the parents/guardians and data regarding the hospitalization of the children. The data were analyzed using the Fisher, Pearson's and Mann Whitney's Chi-squared tests, with a confidence level of 95%. Results: 47.8% of the hospitalized children had experienced caries, and the most relevant component for the determination of the experience of caries was the presence of decayed teeth (0.50 to 1.94). A total of 97.8% of parents/guardians said they had not received information on oral health and hygiene, 100.0% had not received guidance on the sugar contained in medicines or the salivary decrease caused by the medications. 34.8% of the children did not perform oral hygiene during hospitalization. According to medical records, 58.7% took liquid medication orally. Conclusion: The hospitalized children had precarious oral health conditions, with the occurrence of carious lesions of the teeth. The presence of risk factors for dental caries in hospitalized children was observed (poor oral hygiene, low schooling and income of parents/guardians, limited knowledge of parents/guardians regarding health care and oral hygiene, consumption of medicines with cariogenic potential).

The angiogenesis inhibitor ramucirumab (IMC-1121B) is a fully humanised IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2. Ramucirumab has been approved as a second-line...

The use of dentures is believed to worsen oral health if not properly maintained. Good oral hygiene regime and regular dental visits can promote oral health and reduce the risk of periodontal diseases. Aim: This study was conducted to assess the periodontal, Oral and denture hygiene status, of denture wearers and non-denture wearers. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Prosthodontic clinic of the department of Restorative dentistry in the Dental Centre of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos. Periodontal, Oral and Denture hygiene status of 135 participants were assessed after they had filled in the questionnaires. Data was collected, entered and analyzed using SPSS version 26 (IBM SPSS Armonk, New York). Results: Both prosthesis wearers and non-wearers have similar periodontal conditions. The prevalence of periodontal disease of the participants was 54%. Gingivitis was a major contributor (49.6%) to periodontal disease and the prevalence of periodontitis was 4.4%. The proportion with good oral hygiene was higher in the denture wearers while poor oral hygiene was more prevalent in the non-denture wearers. The denture wearers had only good 54(61.4%) and fair 34(38.6%) denture hygiene. Conclusions: The results indicate that the participants, especially the RPD’s wearers, should be motivated for extra adequate oral hygiene practices and dental visits. Emphasis should be placed on tooth brushing twice daily, with medium bristled toothbrush and fluoridated toothpaste, usage of interdental aids and visiting the dentist twice a year.

Objective:To determine caries experience and related risk factors in cerebral palsy (CP) children.Methods:Random sample of CP children was examined for dental caries and oral hygiene. Questionnaire was utilized for information about caries risk factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Riyadh from December 2014 to May 2015.Results:Fifty-two CP children were examined with mean age of 6.3±2.7 years. Only one (1.9%) child out of the 52 had no clinical caries. Combined (dmft plus DMFT) mean caries score among study sample was 9.98±3.99. Older children had significantly higher mean caries scores (11.5±3.34) than younger children (8.86±4.1, p=0.017). The CP children with good oral hygiene had lowest mean caries score (5.8±7.32) as compared to those with fair (9.72±3.3) and poor (11.55±3.05) oral hygiene (p=0.012). Those children whose first dental visit was for routine check-up had significantly (p=0.02) lower mean caries scores (7.33±4.65) than those who made their first visit due to dental problem (11.57±4.15). Similarly, those who had topical fluoride applications by dentist had significantly (p=0.003) lower mean caries scores (8.67±4.14) than those with no topical fluoride application (11.9±2.89).Conclusion:The studied CP children had very high caries experience and poor oral hygiene. There was strong association between the high caries experience and poor oral hygiene.

The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between oral hygiene level and caries experience in 14-year-olds using fluoride dentifrices on a regular basis. Oral hygiene expressed as Gingival Bleeding Points (GBP) was recorded in 267 individuals in the county of Lillehammer in Norway. Total caries experience as DMFS and approximal carious lesions in the outer half of the enamel (D1), in the inner half of the enamel (D2), in dentin (D3), and filled approximal surfaces were registered clinically and on standardized bite-wing radiographs. Using multiple regression analysis, oral hygiene level expressed as GBI was the only factor that could account for variation in caries experience (DMFS). Any significant effect of consumption of sweets on caries experience could not be demonstrated with the multivariate analysis. The average percentage of GBP (+/- SD) was 35.7 +/- 10.0%. The individuals were divided into one group with good oral hygiene (GBP < 35.7%) and one group with poor oral hygiene (GBP > or = 35.7%). Significantly fewer carious lesions and filled approximal surfaces were demonstrated in the group with good oral hygiene compared with the group with poor oral hygiene. About 16% of the study population used fluoride tablets or fluoride mouthrinses in addition to a fluoride toothpaste. Only in the good oral hygiene group, additional fluoride resulted in a lower caries experience compared with those using only a fluoride toothpaste. In the group with poor oral hygiene, additional fluoride did not result in lower caries experience. The study thus supported the view that during regular fluoride exposure oral hygiene level is an important variable to explain caries risk.

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is hyperplastic inflammatory lesion or growth occurring due to constant irritation, traumatic injury, or hormonal factors. PG can occur on the skin and oral cavity. In the oral cavity, it most often occurs in the gingiva. Other oral sites involved are buccal mucosa, lip, tongue, and palate. Histopathological examination is crucial for its accurate diagnosis as it can be misdiagnosed due to its clinical resemblance with peripheral ossifying fibroma, peripheral giant cell granuloma, hemangioma, and fibroma. Here, we present a case of an 18-year-old male having a lesion in the mandible anterior region in the lingual aspect of the gingiva.

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is an inflammatory hyperplastic lesion of the oral cavity. The most common etiological factors for PG are low-grade local irritation, traumatic injury, or hormonal factors. Clinically, it appears to be smooth or lobulated exophytic lesion. It appears to be erythematous papule and is either pedunculated or has a sessile base. The lesion has shown a recurrence rate of 15.8%. Various treatment modalities have been present in the literature. The present article emphasized the treatment modalities and an effort to treat the recurrence of PG with the use of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane. This case report presents a 28-year-old female patient who had reported with PG that recurred twice in 2-year period. The lesion appeared to be recurrent with sessile base and was diagnosed clinically and histopathologically as PG. The PG was excised with the conventional scalpel method exposing the underlying bone. The exposed surface was then covered with PRF membrane. At 12-month follow-up period, the patient did not show any further recurrence of the lesion.

Co-existence of oral intra-muscular lipoma and lobular capillary hemangioma: A rare case report

BackgroundOral diseases and poor oral hygiene are prevalent among frail older adults in nursing homes. Despite well-known organizational barriers such as low prioritization, time and staff shortages, and lack of routines and training, research on the perspective of nursing home management remains limited in this area.PurposeTo investigate the views and experiences of professionals in leadership roles regarding oral health needs and routines as well as barriers and facilitators in providing effective oral care for frail older adults in nursing homes.MethodsA web-based survey was sent to 1,526 nursing home professionals (managers, coordinators and registered nurses) in Sweden. The survey comprised a 52-item questionnaire covering oral health needs, oral care barriers and facilitators, routines, education, collaboration with dental care services, and the use of the quality register Senior Alert, designed to support a preventive approach in nursing care and the Revised Oral Assessment Guide-Jönköping (ROAG-J).ResultsResponses were received from 166 managers, 55 coordinators and 243 nurses, yielding a 32% response rate. About half of the respondents perceived residents’ oral health as poor, and 83% reported that most residents required assistance with oral care. The main barriers were difficulties for nursing staff to perform oral care and residents’ unwillingness to participate, often due to dementia. Increased and regular training in oral care for nursing staff was viewed as the most important facilitator; however, only 41% of respondents reported that their staff had received training regularly. The Senior Alert register and the ROAG-J were widely used and generally perceived as effective. Oral health was also frequently discussed during regular Senior Alert team meetings, with a high level of management involvement.ConclusionsThe significant and complex oral care needs of older adults in nursing homes, coupled with the fact that nursing staff often lack adequate training, stress the importance of management allocating resources, ensuring regular staff training and strengthening collaboration with dental care services. Senior Alert’s structured approach seems to have the potential to enhance the engagement of nursing home professionals in managing residents’ oral health.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-025-07327-x.

Pyogenic granuloma is one of the inflammatory hyperplasia seen in the oral cavity. It usually arises in response to various stimuli such as low-grade local irritation, traumatic injury, hormonal factors, or certain kinds of drugs. Clinically oral pyogenic granuloma is seen as a smooth exophytic lesion with usually hemorrhagic base. The surface presents from pink to red to purple. This case report describes a pyogenic granuloma in a 32-year-old female patient, discussing the clinical features and histopathologic features that distinguish this lesion from other similar oral mucosa lesions and also the successful management of the lesion.