Quantum groups with invariant integrals.

We consider compact matrix quantum groups whose $N$-dimensional fundamental representation decomposes into an $(N-1)$-dimensional and a one-dimensional subrepresentation. Even if we know that the compact matrix quantum group associated to this $(N-1)$-dimensional subrepresentation is isomorphic to the given $N$-dimensional one, it is a priori not clear how the intertwiner spaces transform under this isomorphism. In the context of so-called easy and non-easy quantum groups, we are able to define a transformation of linear combinations of partitions and we explicitly describe the transformation of intertwiner spaces. As a side effect, this enables us to produce many new examples of non-easy quantum groups being isomorphic to easy quantum groups as compact quantum groups but not as compact matrix quantum groups.

This is a transcript of a series of eight lectures, 90 min each, held at IMSc Chennai, India from 5–24 January 2015. We give basic definitions, properties and examples of compact quantum groups and compact matrix quantum groups such as the existence of a Haar state, the representation theory and Woronowicz’s quantum version of the Tannaka–Krein theorem. Building on this, we define Banica–Speicher quantum groups (also called easy quantum groups), a class of compact matrix quantum groups determined by the combinatorics of set partitions. We sketch the classification of Banica–Speicher quantum groups and we list some applications. We review the state-of-the-art regarding Banica–Speicher quantum groups and we list some open problems.

We define a category containing the discrete quantum groups (and hence the discrete groups and the duals of compact groups) and the compact quantum groups (and hence the compact groups and the duals of discrete groups). The dual of an object can be defined within the same category and we have a biduality theorem. This theory extends the duality between compact quantum groups and discrete quantum groups (and hence the one between compact abelian groups and discrete abelian groups). The objects in our category are multiplier Hopf algebras, with invertible antipode, admitting invariant functionals (integrals), satisfying some extra condition (to take care of the non-abelianness of the underlying algebras). If we start with a multiplier Hopf ∗-algebra with positive invariant functionals, then also the dual is a multiplier Hopf ∗-algebra with positive invariant functionals. This makes it possible to formulate this duality also within the framework of C∗-algebras.

On square roots of the Haar state on compact quantum groups

We give an elementary introduction to the theory of algebraic and topological quantum groups (in the spirit of S. L. Woronowicz). In particular, we recall the basic facts from Hopf (*-) algebra theory, theory of compact (matrix) quantum groups and the theory of their actions on compact quantum spaces. We also provide the most important examples, including the classification of quantum SL(2)-groups, their real forms and quantum spheres. We also consider quantum SLq(N)-groups and quantum Lorentz groups.

Symmetries of Lévy processes on compact quantum groups, their Markov semigroups and potential theory

In this paper, we investigate the co-amenability of compact quantum groups. Combining with some properties of regular C*-norms on algebraic compact quantum groups, we show that the quantum double of co-amenable compact quantum groups is unique. Based on this, this paper proves that co-amenability is preserved under formulation of the quantum double construction of compact quantum groups, which exhibits a type of nice symmetry between the co-amenability of quantum groups and the amenability of groups.

Idempotent states on a compact quantum group are shown to yield group-like projections in the multiplier algebra of the dual discrete quantum group. This allows to deduce that every idempotent state on a finite quantum group arises in a canonical way as the Haar state on a finite quantum hypergroup. A natural order structure on the set of idempotent states is also studied and some examples discussed.

Methods and results from the representation theory of finite di- mensional algebras have led to many interactions with other areas of mathe- matics. Such areas include the theory of Lie algebras and quantum groups, commutative algebra, algebraic geometry and topology, and in particular the new theory of cluster algebras. The aim of this workshop was to further de- velop such interactions and to stimulate progress in the representation theory of algebras.

For a locally compact quantum group $\mathbb{G}$ we define its center, $\mathscr{Z}(\mathbb{G})$, and its quantum group of inner automorphisms, $\mathrm{Inn}(\mathbb{G})$. We show that one obtains a natural isomorphism between $\mathrm{Inn}(\mathbb{G})$ and $\mathbb{G}/\!\mathscr{Z}(\mathbb{G})$, we characterize normal quantum subgroups of a compact quantum group as those left invariant by the action of the quantum group of inner automorphisms and discuss several examples.

Recently, Beattie, Bulacu ,and Torrecillas proved Radford's formula for the fourth power of the antipode for a co-Frobenius Hopf algebra.In this note, we show that this formula can be proved for any regular multiplier Hopf algebra with integrals (algebraic quantum groups). This, of course, not only includes the case of a finite-dimensional Hopf algebra, but also that of any Hopf algebra with integrals (co-Frobenius Hopf algebras). Moreover, it turns out that the proof in this more general situation, in fact, follows in a few lines from well-known formulas obtained earlier in the theory of regular multiplier Hopf algebras with integrals.We discuss these formulas and their importance in this theory. We also mention their generalizations, in particular to the (in a certain sense) more general theory of locally compact quantum groups. Doing so, and also because the proof of the main result itself is very short, the present note becomes largely of an expository nature.

We present versions of several classical results on harmonic functions and Poisson boundaries in the setting of locally compact quantum groups. In particular, the Choquet–Deny theorem holds for compact quantum groups; also, the result of Kaimanovich–Vershik and Rosenblatt, which characterizes group amenability in terms of harmonic functions, admits a noncommutative analogue in the separable case. We also explore the relation between classical and quantum Poisson boundaries by investigating the spectrum of the quantum group. We apply this machinery to find a concrete realization of the Poisson boundaries of the compact quantum group SU q(2) arising from measures on its spectrum.

Quantum group and quantum symmetry

We construct examples of locally compact quantum groups coming from bicrossed product construction, including non-Kac ones, which can faithfully and ergodically act on connected classical (noncompact) smooth manifolds. However, none of these actions can be isometric in the sense of Goswami (Commun Math Phys 285(1):141–160, 2009), leading to the conjecture that the result obtained by Goswami and Joardar (Rigidity of action of compact quantum groups on compact, connected manifolds, 2013. arXiv:1309.1294) about nonexistence of genuine quantum isometry of classical compact connected Riemannian manifolds may hold in the noncompact case as well.

Methods and results from the representation theory of quivers and finite dimensional algebras have led to many interactions with other areas of mathematics. Such areas include the theory of Lie algebras and quantum groups, commutative algebra, algebraic geometry and topology, and in particular the new theory of cluster algebras. The aim of this workshop was to further develop such interactions and to stimulate progress in the representation theory of algebras.