Quantum sensing for emerging energy technologies

Assessing innovation in emerging energy technologies: Socio-technical dynamics of carbon capture and storage (CCS) and enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) in the USA

Technological change in energy systems: Learning curves, logistic curves and input–output coefficients

A radical transformation of the energy system in the 21st century will require a large-scale diffusion of a range of new energy technologies. Thin-film solar photovoltaics (PV) and battery-electric vehicles have been suggested as possible major components of a more sustainable energy system. However, some PV and battery designs that are promising in the short term may be constrained in the long term by their requirement for rare metals. Such constraints can materialise in the form of resource scarcity or detrimental environmental effects. Critical factors that determine metal availability and requirement are identified and quantitatively assessed for four thin-film PV designs and nine batteries. The assessment comprises the elements cadmium, cobalt, gallium, germanium, indium, lead, lithium, nickel, rare-earth elements, ruthenium, selenium, tellurium and vanadium. The technology potentials in terms of calculated material-constrained stocks and growth rates are considerably above current stocks and production levels, but, for many of the technologies, well below the scale of envisioned long-term demand. Technologies that are promising in the short to medium term but constrained in the long term may function as bridging technologies that pave the way for technologies that are sustainable on the large scale, or as dead-end technologies that lock them out. The outcome is dependent on how the technology moulds the selection environment through a number of lock-in mechanisms. Eight areas are identified, that need to be addressed by policy and far-sighted strategy to increase technology potentials and to form sustainable technological trajectories: (1) efficient materials use, (2) waste mining and stockpiling of rare metals, (3) coordinated policies to escape carbon lock-in, (4) high environmental standards for emerging technologies, (5) continued search for new technologies based on abundant elements, (6) balance between the requirements of cost reductions and sustained technological variety, (7) adjustment of technology expectations to long-term constraints, and (8) repeated monitoring of the process of technical choice and its long-term consequences.

Journal Article Emerging energy technologies: impacts and policy implications Get access Emerging energy technologies: impacts and policy implications. By Michael Grubb. et al. Aldershot, Hants: Dartmouth for Royal Institute of International Affairs. 1992. 252pp. £29.50. ISBN 1 85521 180 7. Jonathan Winterton Jonathan Winterton 1University of Bradford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 69, Issue 1, January 1993, Pages 143–144, https://doi.org/10.2307/2621148 Published: 01 January 1993

Distributed generation based on emerging energy technologies has become an attractive alternative to the conventional centralized power stations, and has drawn much interest due to the increasing demand of premium electric power. The Microgrid is a great example of integrating distributed energy resources through power electronics interface converters for grid-connected or islanding operation. This paper presents a cooperative harmonic filtering strategy for the interface converters of distributed energy sources to address harmonic issues in a low-voltage Microgrid system. A droop control method based on the reactive volt-ampere consumption of harmonics of each interface converter is designed and implemented, to accomplish the overall harmonic filtering workload can be evenly shared among converters without any communications. The operation principle is discussed in details. Computer simulations and laboratory test results are also presented to validate the distributed harmonic damping capability of the proposed strategy.

With the increasing severity of global environmental issues and the pressure from the strict pollutant emission regulations proposed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the shipping industry is seeking new types of marine power systems that can replace traditional propulsion systems. Marine fuel cells, as an emerging energy technology, only emit water vapor or a small amount of carbon dioxide during operation, and have received widespread attention in recent years. However, research on their application in the shipping industry is relatively limited. Therefore, this paper collects relevant reports and literature on the use of fuel cells on ships over the past few decades, and conducts a thorough study of typical fuel cell-powered vessels. It summarizes and proposes current design schemes and optimization measures for marine fuel cell power systems, providing directions for further improving battery performance, reducing carbon emissions, and minimizing environmental pollution. Additionally, this paper compares and analyzes marine fuel cells with those used in automotive, aviation, and locomotive applications, offering insights and guidance for the development of marine fuel cells. Although hydrogen fuel cell technology has made significant progress in recent years, issues still exist regarding hydrogen production, storage, and related safety and standardization concerns. In terms of comprehensive performance and economics, it still cannot effectively compete with traditional internal combustion engines. However, with the continued rapid development of fuel cell technology, marine fuel cells are expected to become a key driver for promoting green shipping and achieving carbon neutrality goals.

Advanced ceramic materials with tailored properties are at the core of established and emerging energy technologies. Applications encompass high‐temperature power generation, energy harvesting, and electrochemical conversion and storage. New opportunities for material design, the importance of processing and material integration, and the need for long‐term testing under realistic conditions are highlighted in the present perspective.

Hydrogen technology for maritime applications: A review of challenges, opportunities, and lessons from the port authority of New York and New Jersey

The next 10 to15 years will be a key period for China to accelerate the cultivation and development of emerging industries. The development of green and low-carbon industries, an important task of China’s ecological civilization construction, will face an important period of opportunity. The green and low-carbon emerging industry is represented by emerging energy technologies, energy conservation and environment protection, and new energy vehicles; and there are significate differences in the technical characteristics, scale, and development degree of each subsector. Therefore, research on the corresponding maturity evaluation method is urgently needed. This study first summarizes the basic theory and general method for industry maturity evaluation, then defines the category and definition of green and low-carbon industries, and identifies the characteristics of high-quality development of related industries. Meanwhile, the maturity evaluation model and index system of the green and low-carbon industries are proposed and the calculation method of the industry maturity levels is presented. Moreover, application of the maturity evaluation method of the green and lowcarbon industries is studied, using the biomass cogeneration industry as an example. The analysis shows that this industry is relatively mature, but the development of market maturity level is slower than the progress of engineering science and technology. Furthermore, we suggest that an annual evaluation mechanism for the maturity level of the green and low-carbon industries should be formed, an authoritative institution for publishing the development information of these industries should be established, and the database construction and objective evaluation of China’s emerging industries should be strengthened.

The combination of ubiquitous computing and emerging energy technologies is radically changing the home energy landscape. Domestic micro-generation, dominated by solar photovoltaic, is increasing at a rapid pace. This represents an opportunity for creating and altering energy behaviours. However, these transformations generate new challenges that we call the domestic energy gap: domestic electricity consumption and micro-generation are out of sync. Micro-generation is mainly uncontrollable production relying on weather while domestic energy consumption tends to happen mostly during the evening. This thesis focuses on understanding and supporting new domestic practices in the context of domestic solar electricity generation, looking at ‘Demand-Shifting’. Specifically, we look at how can digital tools leverage Demand-Shifting practices in the context of domestic micro-generation? Relying on a mixed-method approach, we provide a qualitative and quantitative answer with the collaboration of 38 participating households in several field studies including two spanning more than eight months. Through a deep investigation of laundry and electric mobility routines in the context of domestic micro-generation, we emphasised a natural engagement into Demand-Shifting which appeared as a complex and time-consuming task for participants which was not visible when we analysed their quantitative data. We revealed this complexity through Participatory Data Analyses, a method we designed to analyse the data in collaboration with the participating householders. This provided us with a comprehensive view of the relationship between domestic micro-generation and daily routines. Finally, we highlight the need for timely and contextual support through the deployment of interventions in-the-wild. Building on discussions of our findings in perspective of the literature, we propose a conceptual framework to support domestic interactive Demand-Shifting.

Review of leaching, separation and recovery of vanadium from roasted products of vanadium slag

The supercritical CO2 (S-CO2) power cycle is an emerging energy technology that has potential to revolutionize the conversion process of heat to mechanical or electric power [...]

The high importance of the peroxido-vanadium complexes in many oxidative catalytic reactions has enhanced the research interest in investigating molecular oxygen activation by ligation of O2 on vanadium metal ions. Dioxygen (O2) is a benign, cheap and economically viable oxidant. The activation of O2 by metal ions is a key challenge for modeling biological processes and in applications such as the homogeneous oxidative alkane functionalization, the production of hydrogen peroxide and emerging energy technologies. The activation of O2 by vanadium complexes may involve either coordination and partial reduction of O2 or, in rare cases, the attack of O2 on the organic ligand activated by ligation to metal ion. In this chapter, the advances of dioxygen activation by simple functional vanadium complexes will be reviewed.

This paper provides the study of a new emerging energy technology. In order to provide clean and reliable power, the renewable and non — renewable power resources has to integrate as a microgrid. The integrated system comprises distributed generation units, power storage units, electrical loads and control systems for an efficient management, the management system of a microgrid must provide a better control for both voltage and frequency in order to manage the grid and will protect the loads. Therefore, the power electronic interfacing modules are playing the major role in the integration of distributed generation units and microgrids. The power generation details of different distribution units, an existing control and architecture of a microgrid and the comparison of control methods which adopted with the grid system also provided in this study.

How to incentivise hydrogen energy technologies for net zero: Whole-system value chain optimisation of policy scenarios