Regional Development, Endogenous

Today, the neoclassic economic theory still dominates the economic analysis, prediction, and even public economic policy, encouraged, unfortunately, by the career criteria in science and education fields. In such a context, the objectives of the paper are: (1) to systematize the findings related to the unrealism and theoretical and methodological mistakes of the economic neoclassic model; (2) to argue about the desirability, reliability, realism, and efficaciousness of an evolutionary model of the economy (and of Economics); (3) to draw the basic lines which an evolutionary economic theory could be edified on, starting from both the statu quo in the matter and the logical examination of the question. The approach of research is a mix between logical and historical (but not empirical) views regarding the evolutionary economic model/theory. The main results are: (a) arguing on the possibility of crystalizing the basic concepts of an evolutionary economic model; (b) making proposals for the evolutionary economic mechanism (in its abstract understanding – as cybernetic system of order 3); (c) warning on the risks of a tale quale taking over of the evolutionary concepts from Biology; (d) identifying the principles to be followed in building up of an evolutionary economic theory.

The reorientation of the Russian economy to an innovative development path implies that all areas involved in the integrated use of innovations will be subjected to this process, which should inevitably lead to an increase in the efficiency of the reproduction process, as well as to an increase in satisfaction with social needs. To date, the task of expanded reproduction of the existing scientific and technical potential has been updated. This problem is especially acute for regional innovation systems. A new level of efficiency of managerial, organizational and financial decisions is required, which would contribute to the optimal use of available resources and would have a strong stimulating effect on the innovation and investment climate in the region. Of particular interest is the development of the peripheral regions of Russia, which is associated with the decentralization of the economy, the diversity and global nature of the processes of socio-economic development, the need for scientific justification of the state strategy to identify regional growth poles. It is necessary to study the poles of growth in the development of regions in a theoretical sense, since it becomes possible to understand the main trends in increasing the innovative potential of regions in an unstable environment. The purpose of our research is to select methodological tools for assessing regional innovation systems in the Russian Federation and to test them. To achieve this goal, the following tasks will have to be solved: to study the existing achievements in the field of evaluation of regional innovation systems (RIS); to identify the advantages and disadvantages of already used methods of evaluating RIS; to find ways to level these shortcomings.

In 1997, the financial economic crisis hit Thailand; non-government organizations and social movements criticized the negative impacts arising from capitalism, including liberalization and globalization.As a solution to the restructuring performance, the regional development concept proved to be an alternative development paradigm which prioritizes community development.There are two types of regional development approaches: exogenous and endogenous regional development.While the first one depends heavily on the promotion by governments utilizing outside resources with legal controls, technical innovation, etc., the second one relies highly on the initiative of the local people using local resources based on local biodiversity, culture, traditions, and skills.Accordingly, the Thai government established the One Tambon, One Product (OTOP) project in 2001.The program is based on the successful experience of the One Village One Product (OVOP) movement in Japan which is a remarkable example of the endogenous regional development concept.While OVOP mainly highlights some local areas for the depopulation problem, the OTOP project in Thailand draws attention to alleviating poverty.Currently, OVOP or OTOP is becoming one of the most popular terms in many developing countries, especially in Asia and Africa.There have been several studies of OTOP projects in other regions in Thailand.Much of the previous work on the OTOP projects has concentrated on the performance of each enterprise using descriptive statistical tools.The purpose of this study was to contribute to knowledge and debate on describing the structure of the OTOP production.The annual data for the fiscal period in 2015 from the Community Development Division and the location quotient method of analysis were employed.The mathematical technique indexes the region's revenue of OTOP to a larger reference (national) scale.The study points out that the location quotient of food and textile production of the OTOP scheme in lower northern Thailand was greater than one.In contrast, the LQs of crafts, beverages and herbs were 0.77, 0.35 and 0.44, respectively.The results revealed that the first two products are concentrated in the lower northern region compared to a larger geographic area.Therefore, the economic and workforce development planners should provide the right support to make the regional economy unique.

This contribution addresses two important streams of research—innovation system research basically addressing the system level and entrepreneurship research basically interested at the actor (firm or individual) level. Building on previous research in these fields (primarily on Cooke [(2001) Regional innovation systems, clusters and the knowledge economy, Industrial and Corporate Change, 10(4), pp. 945–974], Cooke and Leydesdorff [(2006) Regional development in the knowledge-based economy: The construction of advantage, Journal of Technology Transfer, 31(1), pp. 5–15], Sarasvathy [(2001) Causation and effectuation: Toward a theoretical shift from economic inevitability to entrepreneurial contingency, Academy of Management Review, 6(2), pp. 243–263], Johannisson [(2000) Modernising the industrial district: Rejuvenation or managerial colonisation? in: E. Vatne & M. Taylor (Eds) The Networked Firm in a Global World, pp. 283–308 (Aldershot, Hants: Ashgate Publishing)]), a typology developed depicting characteristics both at the system level and at the actor level of an institutional regional innovation system (IRIS) and an entrepreneurial regional innovation system (ERIS) as well as a “conceptual bridge” between innovation system research and entrepreneurship research is suggested. While the developed ERIS type of regional innovation systems due to its marked orientation towards individual actors and their behaviour leans more towards the main stream of entrepreneurship research, the IRIS type of regional innovation systems has more similarities with conventional innovation system research. It is argued that by also applying concepts depicting different management preferences and behaviour from entrepreneurship research, we should be able to better understand the different logics guiding these two types of regional innovation systems. The relevance of the extended typology thus developed is then illustrated by two empirical cases located in northern Sweden and form the base for policy implications derived from this study.

Regional unbalanced development refers to a common phenomenon in the process of regional development. China is currently in the process of transitioning from regional unbalanced development to balanced development. Therefore, it is of theoretical and practical significance to sort out the theory of regional unbalanced development and China's practical experience. Representative regional historians and economists have explained the process of regional unbalanced development from the perspectives of historical reality and economic theory, and have developed relevant theories. Pero believed that the significant differences in the foundations of economic development among different regions led to the emergence of regional imbalances. Hirsch emphasized the necessity of imbalanced development in the early stages of economic development, while Myrdal further explained the reasons and mechanisms of uneven growth, as well as how it affects regional economic development. The main manifestations of unbalanced regional development in China currently include: uneven development in the four major regions, uneven development within regions, and uneven development between urban and rural areas. In response to the problem of unbalanced development in China, China has taken measures such as organizing and implementing the poverty alleviation campaign, deepening the implementation of regional coordinated development strategies, and promoting new urbanization centered on people to narrow the regional development gap.

This article assesses Childe’s theory of the impact of the commencement of agriculture on Neolithic economic development and its socioeconomic consequences, as outlined in his book Man Makes Himself. It also relates his theory to contemporary views on economic development, paying attention to current theories of sustainable economic development. After providing a biographical note on V. Gordon Childe (an Australian-born archaeologist and anthropologist) and introducing his basic ideas, it examines Childe’s criterion of successful economic development. Subsequently, the essence of Childe’s two-phase model of early agricultural development is summarized and its validity is evaluated. Childe is identified as a Marxist. The influence of Marxism on his life and theories is given careful consideration. It is suggested that contemporary economists should pay greater attention to the ‘big’ history of economic change, as Childe did.

Islamic Economics & Finance within the Context of Development Economics in Nigeria

This chapter explores the progress of international regional development policy, including new regionalism and the knowledge economy, regional innovation systems, and constructed advantage. The role of SMEs is highlighted in anchoring regional science, and collaboration is examined as an emerging driver of competitive advantage. The text explains the rise of globalisation in shifting the focus of regional science from competitive to comparative advantage, based on the abilities of regional SMEs to operate in the global context. However, the failures of this as a base for regional policy are highlighted, and ‘new regionalism’ is instead explored as a theoretical base to connect globalisation with the knowledge-based economy.The chapter remarks on the emerging perspective that knowledge is rapidly becoming an important input to economic growth, and that regions can rapidly respond to opportunities presented by the knowledge economy due to their pre-existing social capital and commercial networks. It also provides a critical analysis of new regionalism (NR) theory, its policy implications, and the research questions arising about how NR links with innovation, regional innovation systems, governance and institutional design, and intervention. Finally, the chapter covers the theory of regional innovation systems, including the implementation of regional development platform methods (RDPM) to enhance opportunities for regional enterprises—providing an alternative collaborative business model for defining ‘how regions do business’.KeywordsSocial CapitalCompetitive AdvantageRegional DevelopmentComparative AdvantageRegional EconomyThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Evolution of regional low-carbon innovation systems with sustainable development: An empirical study with big-data

Objective: This study aims to analyze the contribution of Regional Development Banks (BPDs) to Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) and poverty reduction in Indonesia during the 2014–2023 period, with a focus on the role of third-party funds (DPK) and loan disbursement as financial intermediation mechanisms. The study is framed within the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 1 (No Poverty), SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), and SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities). Theoretical Framework: Grounded in the theory of financial intermediation and regional economic development, this study employs both supply-leading and demand-following approaches. Concepts of financial assets and macroeconomic indicators are used to explain the relationships among financial intermediation, economic performance, and poverty outcomes. Method: Using a quantitative approach, panel data from 34 provinces were analyzed through regression to assess the influence of DPK, total assets, and total loan on GRDP and poverty levels. Data were sourced from the Indonesia Financial Services Authority (OJK), Statistics Indonesia (BPS), and BPDs financial reports (2014–2023). Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that DPK positively influences loan distribution, while total assets show no significant effect. BPD loans have a positive impact on regional economic growth and contribute to poverty reduction. Economic growth also plyas a significant role in decreasing poverty, hihglighting the strategic role of BPDs in promoting inclusive and sustainable regional development in line with SDG targets. Research Implications: This study supports the institutional strengthening and digital transformation of BPDs to enhance financial efficiency, inclusion, and their contribution to sustainable development. The results offer policy insights for aligning regional banking practices with Indonesia’s national development agenda and the global SDGs framework. Originality/Value: This research presents comprehensive empirical evidence from all Indonesian provinces, revealing the causal relationships between BPD performance, economic growth, and poverty alleviation. By situating these findings within the SDGs context, the study contributes to the discourse on the role of subnational financial institutions in sustainable regional development.

The subject of this thesis was chosen from both a professional and an academic interest in the economic development of Oregon. Prompted by proposals made to the Oregon Legislature to initiate various forms of industrial subsidy programs to disperse economic growth and population away from congested areas, this research effort seeks to provide an evaluative analysis of the effectiveness of subsidy techniques in influencing industrial location and stimulating a sustained growth process in less developed areas. Research was undertaken in two primary subjects: 1) theory of regional economic development and the effects of subsidies on the growth process; and 2) empirical evidence of the effectiveness of industrial subsidy programs on regional development in other areas. Information was obtained from the following resources: The author’s library of reference literature on economic development and the bibliographies contained therein; Professional organizations, particularly the library of the American Industrial Development Council, as well as requests for literature from various members of those organizations; University library resources, including: Bureaus of Business Research, Bibliography, 1968-1970; Public Affairs Information Service, 1965-Jan. 3, 1973; Business Periodicals Index, 1965-1972; Journal of Economic Articles, 1967-Dec., 1972; Index to Economic Literature, 1966-1970; U.S. Library of Congress, National Union Catalog, 1960-1972; Council of Planning Librarians, Bibliographies; Colorado University, Public Catalog of Norlin Library holdings; Colorado Technical Reference Center. Using information obtained from these and other sources, a method was obtained for defining and measuring the economic and social welfare objectives of a regional development program in Oregon. Geographical patterns of economic health indicators were mapped for the state This is followed by an analysis of various types of subsidies and their effects on resource allocation and gross output. It was found that wage subsidies offer optimum benefits for labor-surplus areas with less distortion of capital efficiency than do capital or price subsidies. Justification for subsidies was found to be greatest using social benefits as criteria rather than maximization of economic output. The influence of industrial subsidies on location decisions is then examined. Following an analysis of effects of subsidies on the cost structure and profit potential for the firm, financial and tax incentives are separately reviewed in case histories of subsidy programs. It was found that capital investment subsidies have had considerably more location influence than tax subsidies. In any case, however, subsidies were determined to be marginal, rather than decisive, locational factors with more basic economic criteria, such as labor availability

In article the problem of overcoming a peripheral state and activization of development of economy underdeveloped the agrarnooriyentirovannykh of regions of Russia as one of the directions of ensuring the balanced territorial development of the country and realization of integration effect of synergy and also weakening of the contradictions and threats connected with big differences of social and economic levels of regions is considered. The author of article sets tasks: definition of type of the problematical character inherent in underdeveloped regions of the certain country in a mirror of the known Theory of peripheral economy of the countries of the world; identification of the lag reasons, characteristic of type of problematical character, in development; search and justification of the directions and measures of achievement of the self-movement of regions in development; definition of a role of the state and civil institutes in a solution of the problem of activization of development of underdeveloped regions. A basis of a research are fundamental works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of regional studies and problems of development of the backward countries of the world. During the research the cross-disciplinary and statistical types of the analysis allowing to develop conceptual approaches to development of backward regions are used. As a result of a research the factors influencing reproduction of a chronic condition of backwardness of underdeveloped regions, existence of the altruistic and egoistical beginnings in qualities of a condition of the public environment are defined. An assessment of a role of public administration and civil activity in activization of development of regions with economy of peripheral character is given. The thesis about refusal of dogma of the developed interregional division of labor is proved, the regions of agrarian specialization deprived of a minimum of the industrial enterprises are doomed to loss of a commercial crop, modernization lag and preservation of economic vegetation. A key link of the institutional transformations directed to activization of development of the country and its regions, the author considers need of regeneration of the existing public administration. Achievement of responsibility of subjects of management of all levels for effectiveness of social and economic development has to be a purpose at the same time. Scientific developments and the offered approach to overcoming the contradictions connected with uneven development of regions of the country can be used when developing measures of the institutional transformations directed to activization of development of regions with economy of peripheral character.

The first part of this article examines the concept of regional innovation systems against the background of modern theories of innovation and regional policies. It is argued that the role of localized learning is of strategic importance in the promotion of endogenous regional development. With reference to current research on regional policy, the author also argues that sustainable regional strength is built on a continuously upgraded knowledge base, rather than on general factor endowment. By stimulating localized learning, the regional innovation systems have an important role to play and offer possibilities of producing regional competitive advantage. The author then suggests how regional innovation systems can be organized in order to increase innovation at various levels. Finally, some sketches are provided of various innovation strategies operating at the regional level from which lessons of direct policy relevance may be learned and adapted to the Portuguese context.

Ontological Issues in Evolutionary Economics: The debate Between Generalized Darwinism and the Continuity Hypothesis

The unprecedented development of the information and communication technologies sector has accelerated the spectacular changes in societies and employment trends worldwide. The adoption of ICTs in innovation systems has been a key factor in the overall competitiveness of economic regions and national economies. This paper studies the impact of ICT on regional development. To do so, a modelling approach is used to develop a framework-guidance tool that can formulate what-if scenarios of smart technology enhancement in a regional innovation system. The model is applied in two Greek regions with different development backgrounds, and the findings emphasise the importance of smart technologies in regional development in both cases.