Regional Waste Management System Improvement Strategy Based on Sustainable Development Principles

The aim of this study is to analyze the legal mechanisms for citizen participation in decision-making in the field of municipal solid waste (MSW) management in Kazakhstan, identify legal barriers, and develop proposals for their elimination. The increasing volume of waste, low recycling rates, and environmental risks require a comprehensive legislative approach to strengthening public engagement. The research methodology includes a comparative legal analysis of international experience (EU, USA, Japan, South Korea), an examination of national legislation, and a content analysis of publications addressing the legal regulation of public participation in waste management. The study identifies key challenges that hinder citizen involvement, such as deficiencies in legislation, the formal nature of public hearings, limited access to environmental information, weak digital infrastructure, and the lack of citizen incentive mechanisms. The research findings have led to recommendations for improving legal regulation, increasing transparency in decision-making, introducing a system of incentives for citizens, and digitalizing interaction processes. Integrating effective legal mechanisms for public oversight into waste management is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of Kazakhstan’s environmental policy. Civic engagement supports the implementation of sustainable development principles, strengthens environmental responsibility, and improves the waste management system.

Implementation and compliance with European environmental standards is a significant factor in ensuring the implementation of the provisions of the Association Agreement with the EU. Among the environmental problems that pose threats to national security are the processes of generating significant volumes of production and consumption waste, the insufficiently effective level of their reuse, recycling and disposal. The article analyzes EU directives in the field of waste and resource management, in particular Directive 2008/98/EC, Directive 2008/98/EC, and Directive 1999/31/EC, which are included in the Association Agreement with the EU. Ukraine's commitments under the Association Agreement in the field of waste and resource management are studied. Monitoring of the implementation of the action plan for the fulfillment of the Agreement in the field of waste management is provided for each year. The results of the study prove that aligning Ukraine’s legislation and regulatory framework in the field of waste management with European standards requires significant steps on the part of our state and the fulfillment of the Agreement’s commitments.

Последние несколько лет в стране активно проходит реформа в сфере безопасного обращения с твердыми коммунальными отходами. Изучение этого вопроса позволил нам прийти к выводу, что одной из основных проблем перехода на новую систему обращения с отходами является отсутствие эффективной системы раздельного сбора мусора. Повышение экологического благополучия -это одно из приоритетных направлений социально-экономического развития Воронежской области. В связи с этим, внедрение раздельного сбора твердых коммунальных отходов и создание современной системы приема и обработки отходов являются крайне актуальными для нашего региона. В статье представлен аналитический материал, посвященный рассмотрению международного и российского опыта в сфере управления отходами. На основании проведенного исследования выявлены основные проблемы организации раздельного сбора мусора и сформулированы рекомендации по повышению эффективности данного процесса в Воронеже и области. Результаты данного исследования могут быть информационной базой для совершенствования региональной системы раздельного сбора твердых коммунальных отходов. Over the past few years, the country has been actively reforming the field of safe solid municipal waste management. The study of this question allowed us to come to the conclusion that one of the main problems of the transition to a new waste management system is the lack of an effective separate waste collecting system. Improving ecological well-being is one of the priority areas of socio-economic development of the Voronezh region. In this regard, the introduction of separate collection of solid municipal waste and the creation of modern waste reception and processing system are extremely relevant for our region. The article presents analytical material on the review of international and Russian experience in the field of waste management. Based onthe research, the main problems of organizing separate garbage collection were identified and recommendationswere formulated to improve the efficiency of this progress in Voronezh region. The results of this research can bean information base for improving the system of regional separate collection of solid municipal waste.

This paper formulates the basic provisions that determine the organizational and innovative basis for the formation of cluster structures in waste management to ensure a healthy environment and health disease prevention. The structural and functional scheme of creating and functioning the environmental and resource cluster of waste management has been substantiated. Features of the formation of the complex mechanism of cluster management have been outlined. The main purpose of the research is to develop the conceptual principles and mechanisms of organizational and innovative development of clusters for ensuring environmentally healthy and safe, resource-oriented waste management at the regional level. From these perspectives, the relevance of the discussion of this scientific and practical issue is creating integrated business and entrepreneurial structures, appropriate organizational and economic mechanisms that would provide innovation, investment, financial and economic, socio-environmental framework to address the multidimensional problem of generation, disposal and use the secondary raw materials in the context of healthy and sustainable development. Research on the principles, mechanisms of organizational and innovative development of cluster structures in the field of «healthy» waste management in the paper is carried out in the following logical sequence: justification for the application of the cluster approach to solving regional environmental and economic problems in the field of waste management for ensuring public health; the mechanism of integrated business structures creation in the field of waste management has been defined; formulation of the concept of environmental and resource cluster of waste management, its purpose, tasks and conceptual principles; the structural and functional scheme of the environmental and resource cluster has been proposed in this paper; creation of effective motivational mechanisms for involving enterprises in cluster interaction and specific motivational advantages of separate economic entities participation in the field of waste management have been substantiated; a comprehensive mechanism scheme for creating the environmental and resource cluster has been proposed; also the objective function and the main tasks of the complex mechanism of cluster formation have been considered. The results of the research have proved the necessity and the relevance of defining conceptual principles and mechanisms for formation and effective development of environmental and resource clusters in the field of waste management in the context of healthy development. This research has identified the need to develop the effective interaction of cluster participants within the formation of a comprehensive mechanism for managing the integrated structure, which should include the internal mechanism of the cluster, as well as the external contour of regulatory mechanisms (motivational, organizational, economic, political and legal).

Objective: This investigation has the general objective of mapping in the literature, technologies and steps in solid waste management, which can intensify and contribute to the use and energy recovery of solid waste and its reinsertion based on circular logic for urban areas in Brazil. Theoretical Framework: The problem of waste management affects the entire ecosystem and Brazil is among the countries that most produce and irregularly eliminate solid waste. The theoretical study seeks to present the current scenario of RSU in Brazil, from the legislative aspect, circular economy concepts aligned with Lean Green in favor of sustainable development and how these concepts are aligned with current management practices in case analysis . studio in Copenhagen - Denmark. Method: The methodology adopts a qualitative character, with an exploratory and descriptive approach, a hybrid approach that combines bibliographic review, with the analysis of existing case studies. Results and Discussion: Thus, the result of the analysis is one of the main technologies and ascending practices: gasification and composting, in which the latter stands out, as well as the soil correcting properties, supporting the entire process of the material organic. waste, improves compost for the production of renewable energy and can provide adequate compost for energy production. It is concluded that the integrated approach to the circular economy, supported by Lean Green concepts and promoting technocentric management practices, is the path towards an efficient transition, promoting resource savings and sustainable development in Brazil. Implications of the investigation: The practical and theoretical implications of this investigation are discussed, providing information on how the results can apply or influence practices in the field of solid waste management, with a focus on organic waste and a focus on valorization for the production of renewable energy. These implications can contribute to the elimination of spills and sustainable development. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by seeking alternatives and practices to value solid waste in order to help the production of renewable energy based on concepts that can facilitate the implementation of efficient management and its potential for savings in it urban context.

This work presents a system analysis of modern tendencies of civilizational development, defines principal characteristics of the concept of sustainable development. It substantiates the provision that one of the most pressing problems of sustainable development is the global environmental problem, that concentrates in it particularities of the numerous problems of socio-economic nature. There are two blocks of environmental problems – problems related to the contradictions between the society and the environment (functioning of the system «societynature ») and social problems associated with contradictions within the society (functioning of the system «man-society»). The conclusion has been made that any economic development must be correlated to the ecological potential, that is interpreted as the amount of natural resources sufficient for the continuous economic growth, as well as stability of the established, lifefriendly relationships in the natural environment ensuring reproduction of conditions of the environment disrupted by human activity, and reproduction of natural resources used in the process of economic activity. Proceeding from the generalized existing interpretations of sustainable development, it is stated that the concept of sustainable development can be considered as a paradigm of further development of civilization that gives the opportunity to comprehend the problems of modern civilization in the global context; helps to systematically comprehend the regularities of development of the society; encourages resolution of local, regional problems in terms of the global context. It has been established that transition of functioning of the socioeconomic systems to the principles of sustainable development must be a totally controlled process that has to be implemented with a high degree of scientific foresight. There has been backed up the statement that modern society is a powerful source of production and consumption waste and the substance and particularities of waste management system formation have been defined. There have also been proposed ways to resolving the problem of waste and the principles of formation of the waste management system have been formulated: a) «the principle of taking precautionary measures» – measures must be taken to prevent the threat created to the environment by waste even in the absence of scientifically confirmed data; b) the principle – «the polluter pays» – producer or owner of waste must bear the costs connected with waste management; c) «proximity principle» – waste must be treated at the nearest waste treatment facility, taking into account environmental and economic efficiency; d) «principle of self-sufficiency» – necessary formation and operation of an integrated and adequate municipal network of facilities for the placement and recovery of municipal waste. The work proposes strategies for resolving the problem of waste. Strategy I – reducing the need for the product; strategy II – changes in the product; strategy III – changes in the use of products. The choice of waste management strategy has to be determined on the basis of analysis of the processes of production and consumption of a particular product. The waste management system has to be based on the fundamental principles of environmental management, on the basis of the adequate strategy and tactics. It is determined that the problem becomes urgent of developing measures of economic incentives in the field of waste management.

The article considers the issues of gradual transformation of the traditional linear economy to circular economy, which require taking into account the role of transport logistics in the waste management system ‒ an intermediary and universal means of activating the real waste management mechanisms based on the innovation and responsibility principles towards sustainable development. The purpose of research is to substantiate and develop proposals for improving approaches to analysis of economic and environmental efficiency of the transport and logistics waste management system in the context of closed-cycle economy development. The comparison of statistical data that was conducted (about the structure of waste, the volume of waste formation by industry, etc.) testifies to the existence of certain problematic issues in the field of waste management in Ukraine and other countries of the world. The organizational and economic content of transport and logistics waste management system concept was further developed, as a combination of organizational, economic, environmental and other components and factors of waste transportation from the points of their formation, collection or sorting in the destination according to the optimal route scheme, which meets the criteria of maximizing income and cargo volume, saving time, costs and minimizing environmental damage. The vectors of economic and environmental development of the transport and logistics system on the efficiency plane of responsible waste management, based on the principles of environmental sustainability and balancing, social responsibility and circularity of production, consumption and waste generation economic cycle, are substantiated. An approach to the transportation task application in the waste management field is proposed, taking into account the total values of supply and demand for them, and also the damage classification, which associated with transportation in the waste management sphere.

One of the trends of modern state policy is the formation of a comprehensive system of solid municipal waste management aimed at reducing the negative impact on the environment, public health, and ensuring environmental safety. This direction is being implemented as part of the reform of the sphere of waste management of production and consumption, which is carried out on the basis of strategic planning documents. The complexity of the problems of such waste requires the use of scientifically-based conceptual approaches and methodology in the process of strategizing, ensuring the inclusion in the management process of all stages of waste management (collection, accumulation, transportation, processing, disposal, neutralization, disposal), as well as levels of adoption and implementation of management decisions (federal, regional and municipal).The article substantiates the need to apply an ecosystem approach to these relations, the concept of sustainable development, shows the importance of using system-structural and structural-functional methods that allow taking into account the specifics of this area, as well as to ensure consistency and balance of sectoral priorities, targets, objectives, indicators, means of achieving them with similar elements of strategic planning documents, developed in related fields. Proposals are formulated to improve the strategy in the field of consumer waste management, including MSW (on the development and adoption of an industry strategy, elimination of conceptual gaps, allocation of measures for the formation of consumer waste as a priority, creation of a system for their separate collection, organization of selective collection and disposal of types of consumer waste, etc.), aimed at improving efficiency management in this area.

Municipal waste management is one of the priorities of environmental management in all countries that are members of the EU and also in the Republic of Serbia, which started the EU Accession Negotiations Process. In the Republic of Serbia, environmental protection, especially municipal waste management, is acknowledged as one of the most demanding and the most complex chapters when it comes to approximation of legislation, investments needed and adopting technologies necessary to reach EU standards. The National Waste Management Strategy (NWMS, 2003) in Serbia has identified the lack of data on composition and quantities of municipal waste generated across the country. This paper deals with analysis of municipal waste data available in various national and regional reports for the Timok County, using LCA model. The main goal of this paper is to indicate importance of quality data in order to make the right decisions in waste management. The application of data analysis to the evaluation of life cycle solid waste management system in the municipalities of Zajecar, Boljevac, Knjazevac, Majdanpek, Kladovo, Negotin and Bor (Timok County, Serbia) is an innovative approach to this problem, necessary to make the right, professional decisions in the field of waste management. Results indicate that prerequisite for the implementation of a waste management system is reliability data on a national and local level.

The linear model of economic development has exhausted itself and further economic growth, without harming the environment, is possible only after transition to a closed‐loop economy model. The waste management industry is the most promising and has the resource potential to implement the principles of a circular economy. This article examines the results of the analysis of the long‐term impact of environmental factors on the formation and functioning of a circular economy in the field of waste management, and suggests criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of implementing a closed‐loop economy model

The paper presents the author’s view of the problem range of solid waste in the world through the prism of balancing interests. The global trends of solid waste generation per capita by region are considered. The features of solid waste management and the application of waste management methods in different countries are highlighted. The morphology of waste streams in high- and low-income countries is analyzed. The concept of cooperation as a consolidation of efforts, achievement of a common goal of solving urgent problems, and its essential characteristics are investigated. It is revealed that the social effect of cooperation depends on the willingness of the subjects to form partnerships, as well as on favorable conditions, specifically: proper legislative support, quality of service delivery, stability of pricing, economic policy, effectiveness of the mechanism of management decision-making.
 The destructive factors of the balancing of interests in the field of solid waste management and their determinants are identified: an increase in volumes of illegal trade in waste, inconsistency of product quality with the information provided in the documentation, falsification of the trade mark as recyclable, masking of hazardous waste. The factors of intensification of conflict and imbalance of relations in connection with illegal import of waste, non-observance of interests of the host party and its inability to defend its own interests in the international arena are analyzed. It has been found that there is a shift in focus from balancing the relationship to the category of profit, whereby the solution of the problem of solid household waste is based on the principle of «cost-cutting and maximizing profit».
 The differences in the stages of implementing environmental policy at the national and transnational levels are generalized. The problem of increasing the volume of plastic in the composition of waste is emphasized and the causes of the global crisis of waste management due to the decision of China to ban the import of waste are discussed. The directions of stabilizing the situation and balancing of relations in the world solid waste management are offered.

One Size Fits All? An Assessment Tool for Solid Waste Management at Local and National Levels

From the next year in Russia, a new system of solid municipal waste (SMW) management will start operating which will be the result of a deep reform of the industry. The new system assumes a significant increase in the volumes of separate collection and sorting of garbage, which will reduce its disposal at landfills. The reform will result in a significant improvement in the domestic waste management, especially in rural areas and the private sector around large cities suffering from illegal refuse dumps. The section of the law related to the powers of local authorities in the field of solid municipal waste management will go into force on January 1, 2019.

Fallacious waste management is an enormous enemy towards a healthy environment. Currently, the world's waste is categorized into municipal solid waste, industrial waste, agricultural waste, and hazardous waste. In earlier days instead of using different methodologies for waste segregation and management, people used similar methods for assorted kinds of waste produced in varying categories. But in recent years there has been a huge leap in techniques that involve segregation of waste and then proper disposal process. The two major technologies that have been developed for eradicating the complications in the field of waste management are IoT (Internet of Things) and deep learning. Apart from segregation and managing the garbage, the collection of garbage is also an important task. When the garbage isn't collected at regular intervals of time, it affects the health of citizens residing in that surrounding area. Both the technologies have done great work in eradicating this communication gap and made sure that proper segregation of waste takes place leaving no stone unturned. This survey paper discusses various strategies of waste segregation and management.

Environmental pollution represents a global ecological challenge. Increasing volumes of waste severely disrupt ecological balance and pose threats to human health and quality of life. Against this backdrop, enhancing the environmental literacy of young people, especially university students, is of paramount importance. Strengthening their knowledge and fostering a sense of responsibility in waste management are key steps toward sustainable development. This study assesses the levels of knowledge, attitudes, and practical engagement of students from different urban contexts regarding solid waste management. The objective is to evaluate students’ environmental awareness and highlight the importance of integrating waste management themes into higher education curricula. The research sample included 433 students from Almaty, Astana, and Kyzylorda. Data were analyzed using SPSS 29.0.2.0, applying Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests. The study explored how gender, academic level, and place of residence influence knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to waste management. The results indicated no statistically significant gender differences in knowledge or practice. However, female students exhibited more positive attitudes toward waste management than their male counterparts. The study also revealed that higher levels of education were associated with improved environmental knowledge and practices. Students’ responses also varied by city, reflecting differences in local environmental exposure and infrastructure. These findings support the integration of environmental education, particularly around waste management, into university curricula. This study contributes to the development of effective environmental education programs and provides valuable insights for advancing research and policy in the field of sustainable waste management.