Regularizing Properties of Nonlinear Semigroups

It is an open problem whether an infinite-dimensional amenable Banach algebra exists whose underlying Banach space is reflexive. We give sufficient conditions for a reflexive, amenable Banach algebra to be finite-dimensional (and thus a finite direct sum of full matrix algebras). If $$ {\frak A} $$ is a reflexive, amenable Banach algebra such that for each maximal left ideal L of $$ {\frak A} $$ (i) the quotient $$ {\frak A}/L $$ has the approximation property and (ii) the canonical map from $$ {\frak A} \check{\otimes} L^\perp $ to $({\frak A} / L) \check{\otimes} L^\perp $$ is open, then $$ {\frak A} $$ is finite-dimensional. As an application, we show that, if $${\frak A}$$ is an amenable Banach algebra whose underlying Banach space is an Lp-space with $$ p\in (1,\infty) $$ such that for each maximal left ideal L the quotient $$ {\frak A}/L $$ has the approximation property, then $$ {\frak A} $$ is finite-dimensional.

A classical result due to M. Eidelheit and B. Yood states that the standard algebra norm on the algebra of bounded linear operators on a Banach space is minimal, in the sense that the norm must be less than a multiple of any other submultiplicative norm on the same algebra. This definition does not assume that the arbitrary algebra norm is complete. In cases when the standard algebra norm is, in addition, maximal, it is therefore unique up to equivalence. More recently, M. Meyer showed that the Calkin algebras of a very restricted class of Banach spaces also have unique algebra norms. We generalise the Eidelheit-Yood method of proof, to show that the conventional quotient norm on a larger class of Calkin algebras is minimal. Since maximality of the norm is a presumed property for the class, the norm is also unique. We thus extend the result of Meyer. In particular, we establish that the Calkin algebras of canonical Banach spaces such as James’ space and Tsirelson’s space have unique algebra norms, without assuming completeness. We also prove uniqueness of norm for quotients of the algebras of operators on classical non-separable spaces, the closed ideals of which were previously studied by M. Daws. One aspect of the Eidelheit-Yood method is a dependence on the uniform boundedness principle. As a component of our generalisation, we prove an analogue of that principle which applies to Calkin algebra elements rather than bounded linear operators. In order to translate the uniform boundedness principle into this new setting, we take the perspective that non-compact operators map certain wellseparated sequences to other well-separated sequences. We analyse the limiting separation of such sequences, using these values to measure the non-compactness of operators and define the requisite notion of a bounded set of non-compact operators. In the cases when the underlying Banach space has a Schauder basis, we are able to restrict attention to seminormalised block basic sequences. As a consequence, our main uniqueness of norm result for Calkin algebras relies on the existence of bounded mappings between, and projections onto, the spans of block basic sequences in the relevant Banach spaces.

We are concerned with the algebraic representation of the spectral maximal spaces for certain classes of decomposable operators on Banach spaces. The main emphasis will be on those operators which admit a functional calculus on a suitable algebra of functions such as, for instance, differentiable functions, Lipschitz functions, or functions with absolutely convergent Fourier series. Using appropriate partitions of unity, we shall give a unified approach to various previous results in this area as well as to certain extensions and variants thereof. In the case of spectral operators, we shall obtain the optimal results without any assumption on the underlying Banach space or the Boolean algebra of projections corresponding to the spectral measure.

A complete convergence theorem for arrays of rowwise independent random variables was proved by Sung, Volodin, and Hu [14]. In this paper, we extend this theorem to the Banach space without any geometric assumptions on the underlying Banach space. Our theorem also improves some known results from the literature.

For a compact Hausdorff space with a dense set of isolated points, we give a complete description of points of weak*-norm continuity in the dual unit ball of the space of Banach space valued functions that are continuous when the range has the weak topology. As an application we give a complete description of points of weak-norm continuity of the unit ball of the space of vector measures when the underlying Banach space has the Radon-Nikodym property.

In this paper, apply an established transference principle to obtain the boundedness of certain functional calculi for the sequence of semigroup generators. It is proved that if be the sequence generates 0- semigroups on a Hilbert space, then for each the sequence of operators has bounded calculus for the closed ideal of bounded holomorphic functions on right half–plane. The bounded of this calculus grows at most logarithmically as. As a consequence decay at ∞. Then showed that each sequence of semigroup generator has a so-called (strong) m-bounded calculus for all m∈ℕ, and that this property characterizes the sequence of semigroup generators. Similar results are obtained if the underlying Banach space is a UMD space. Upon restriction to so-called semigroups, the Hilbert space results actually hold in general Banach spaces.

We show that the operator-valued Marcinkiewicz and Mikhlin Fourier multiplier theorem are valid if and only if the underlying Banach space is isomorphic to a Hilbert space.

In a Banach space, for the approximate solution of the Cauchy problem for the evolution equation with an operator generating an analytic semigroup, a purely implicit three-level semidiscrete scheme that can be reduced to two-level schemes is considered. Using these schemes, an approximate solution to the original problem is constructed. Explicit bounds on the approximate solution error are proved using properties of semigroups under minimal assumptions about the smoothness of the data of the problem. An intermediate step in this proof is the derivation of an explicit estimate for the semidiscrete Crank–Nicolson scheme. To demonstrate the generality of the perturbation algorithm as applied to difference schemes, a four-level scheme that is also reduced to two-level schemes is considered.

This paper discusses a class of semilinear fractional evolution equations with infinite delay and almost sectorial operator on infinite interval in Banach space. By using the properties of analytic semigroups and Schauder’s fixed-point theorem, this paper obtains the existence of mild solutions of the fractional evolution equation. Moreover, this paper also discusses the existence of mild solution when the analytic semigroup lacks compactness by Kuratowski measures of noncompactness and Darbo–Sadovskii fixed-point theorem.

We consider a semilinear stochastic differential equation in a Hilbert space H with a Lipschitz continuous (possibly unbounded) nonlinearity F. We prove that the associated transition semigroup {Pt, t ≥ 0}, acting on the space of bounded measurable functions from H to \(\mathbb{R}\), transforms bounded nondifferentiable functions into Frechet differentiable ones. Moreover we consider the associated Kolmogorov equation and we prove that it possesses a unique “strong” solution (where “strong” means limit of classical solutions) given by the semigroup {Pt, t ≥ 0} applied to the initial condition. This result is a starting point to prove existence and uniqueness of strong solutions to Hamilton - Jacobi - Bellman equations arising in control theory.

Suppose that(Tt)t>0 is aC0 semi-group of contractions on a Banach spaceX, such that there exists a vectorx∈X, ‖x‖=1 verifyingJ−1(Jx)={x}, whereJ is the duality mapping fromX toP(X*). If | |→1, whent→+∞ for somef∈X*, ‖f‖≤1 thenx is an eigenvector of the generatorA, associated with a purcly imaginary eigenvalue. Because of Lin's example [L], the hypothesis onx∈X is the best possible.

Let f be a unit vector and T = {T(t) = etA: t ⩾ 0} be a (C0) contraction semigroup generated by A on a complex Hilbert space X. If |〈T(t)f,f〉| → 1 as t → ∞ then f is an eigenvector of A corresponding to a purely imaginary eigenvalue. If one allows X to be a Banach space, the same situation can be considered by replacing 〈T(t)f,f〉 by φ(T(t)f) where φ is a unit vector in X* dual to f. If |φ(T(t)f)| → 1, as t → ∞, is f an eigenvector of A? The answer is sometimes yes and sometimes no.

Motivated by the smoothing properties of heat semigroups on unbounded domains and the conditional stability of hyperbolic semigroups, we develop a unified approach toward the problems on the existence of periodic solutions to the evolution equation . Our method is based on the analysis of -stability of the semigroup generated by A, i.e. , t>0, for certain couple of Banach spaces and real-valued function φ satisfying . Our theory covers both cases corresponding to smoothing properties and the conditional stability of hyperbolic semigroups as well as some other important situations relating to the polynomial or exponential stability of semigroups. As illustrations for our theory, we give applications to the existence and uniqueness of periodic solutions to Navier–Stokes and damped wave equations.

We consider infinite-dimensional parabolic rough evolution equations. Using regularizing properties of analytic semigroups we prove global-in-time existence of solutions and investigate random dynamical systems for such equations.

The paper is devoted to stochastic equations describing the evolution of classical and quantum unbounded spin systems on discrete lattices and on Euclidean spaces. Existence and asymptotic properties of the corresponding transition semigroups are studied in a unified way using the theory of dissipative operators on weighted Hilbert and Banach spaces. This paper is an enlarged and rewritten version of the paper [7].