Remote Intelligent Watering System Based on Internet of Things

not spread evenly among the people. Most people still use traditional methods and depend on the uncertain climate to meet their food needs, such as vegetables and fruits. Based on this, an Internet of Things (IoT) based Smart Greenhouse Design with Arduino Uno Microcontroller was created as a solution that is expected to help make it easier for farmers to cultivate plants. The greenhouse is a building that has the function to protect plants from external disturbances such as pests, heavy rain, strong winds, and excessive humidity. Meanwhile, what is called a smart greenhouse that uses technology such as the Internet of Things (IoT), is designed to automatically monitoring uses the Arduino Uno microcontroller as the control center for each sensor used, namely DHT22 (air temperature and humidity sensor), Soil Moisture (soil moisture sensor), GUVA-S12SD (UV light intensity sensor). The sensor will obtain the required data and will be automatically sent to the server (blynk application) with the help of ESP8266 (wifi module). The method used in this study is engineering design in the manufacture of the automation system. The results of this research are in the form of a smart greenhouse that can regulate, adjust, and modify the climate to optimize the conditions and processes of plant growth in the greenhouse equipment through microcontrollers and monitoring devices such as sensors and can be controlled remotely via mobile phones or computers everywhere.

The ministry of transport officially released the implementation plan for the construction of highway long- span bridge structural health monitoring system on march 1, 2021, which is doomed to promote the popularization and application of bridge structure health monitoring. This paper innovatively combines UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) and IOT(Internet of Things) technology, and carries out practical engineering application in bridge quality detection project. Firstly, based on the research status of bridge health monitoring, the design principles, reference laws and code of intelligent bridge inspection system are sorted out, and a three-layer intelligent bridge detection system based on IOT is designed. The main components include low-power consumption wireless sensor, edge data acquisition device, gateway and health big data analysis center. This paper focuses on the practical application of UAV and IOT technology in intelligent detection of bridge engineering. The innovations include targeted deployment and monitoring of various types of sensors according to the actual bridge structure and on-site conditions, as well as targeted design of UAV flight routing and important detection sites. Finally, this paper discusses the research status of bridge structural damage identification and health status assessment. Although some progress has been made, there are still many difficulties to be overcome for practical engineering applications. Through the introduction of the above practical engineering application cases, it is hoped to provide some guidance for the research of bridge health monitoring and intelligent detection.

This research aims to develop a real-time monitoring system for peatland fire potential based on the Internet of Things (IoT) with a focus on early detection of potential peatland fires. The main problem to be solved is the lack of an effective system in the early detection of potential peatland fires, which can cause serious environmental impacts. The method used involves the use of air temperature, air humidity, soil moisture, and fire detection sensors integrated with alarm-based alerts. Data collection is done in real-time to provide a deeper understanding of peatland conditions and potential fire risks. The research results show that the developed system is capable of providing accurate and fast information related to peatland conditions, thus helping to prevent and reduce the impact of peatland fires. With this system, it is expected to increase efficiency in early fire detection and minimize the losses caused by peatland fires.

Abstract: Currently, the dual threats of global climate change and environmental pollution are becoming increasingly prominent, and people urgently need to explore effective energy management solutions to reduce carbon emissions and energy consumption. This paper proposed a design scheme of carbon footprint intelligent detection and management system based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology. This plan optimized energy utilization by intelligently monitoring and controlling the energy consumption of household appliances, thereby improving energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions. The experimental results showed that after one year of use, the energy consumption of air conditioning equipment using IoT technology decreased by 35.7%, and carbon dioxide emissions decreased by 31.6%; the energy consumption of refrigerators using IoT technology decreased by 30.1%, and carbon dioxide emissions decreased by 29.2%; the energy consumption of washing machines using IoT technology was reduced by 41.2%, and carbon dioxide emissions was reduced by 31.1%. The design scheme of carbon footprint intelligent detection and management system using IoT technology is feasible. Through the comparison of experimental data, it was found that it can significantly optimize the energy utilization of household appliances, reduce unnecessary carbon emissions, and make an important contribution to environmental protection and sustainable development.

Major advances in the Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are offering unprecedented automated services to various sectors. IoT has shown great promise in transforming buildings and institutions into smart buildings and institutions, making traditional task management more efficient. In particular, there has been remarkable progress in successfully integrating IoT into various contexts, such as smart homes, businesses and cities. Success in such technological transformations is not only due to the proper deployment and implementation of IoT but also to the effective employment of related technologies, such as big data and cloud computing technologies, and making informed decisions on the inclusion of the required hardware and software for all the elements involved in the IoT environment. While a significant amount of IoT research in various contexts has been proliferated in recent years, attention given to its deployment for linguistic landscapes (LLs) is still very rare. The aim of this paper is to propose a smart Al-Noor Mall LL which takes into account the appropriate deployment of IoT tools and relevant technologies. The paper also thoroughly discusses the background of the field, covering IoT technologies, cloud computing, and big data studies, followed by a review of the recent publications involving the successful deployment of IoT technologies combined with big data and cloud computing in various contexts. The literature also covers the success factors that contribute to the robustness of the required real-time operating system (RTOS) in an IoT-based environment in order to enable IoT devices to manage their resources efficiently. Based on a detailed analysis of the literature, a three-level framework (i.e. the object, communications and application levels) together with the elements that are required for IoT-based smart LL solutions is proposed. A case study of Al-Noor Mall is used to validate the proposed framework and the results indicate that IBM Bluemix can help Al-Noor Mall management and customers to locate any particular shop in the huge shopping mall, which thereby makes the customers’ shopping experience more satisfying. Finally, the challenges (i.e. energy efficiency, security, and intelligent data analysis) facing the successful deployment of IoT technologies are discussed with proposals for future research directions in the IoT research field.

Smart city is a city that increases the interactivity of its components and put emphasis on their functionality. Internet of Things technology (IoT) is an innovative solution in environmental protection. Usually, information on air quality is very scattered. This paper describes the test stages of pre-implementation works, focusing on the presentation of the technical design of the measurement nodes and the assumptions of the IT project. The goal of the project Intelligent Wireless Sensor Network Infrastructure (IIBSC) is, among others, to create a dense network of air quality measurement nodes at city, district or even street level. The concept is based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology using a matrix construction tool connected to multiple identical measurement nodes located in the test area. The project developed a hardware platform supporting sensors and resistant to external factors, and an ISIMPIO information platform based on edge processing technology for processing data from air quality sensors. Due to the use of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, an edge server using edge processing was designed. Edge server provides a complete ecosystem for building edge applications that are fully optimized for seamless field work. In addition, it allows the implementation of integrated Python software, the MQ Telemetry Transport support protocol (MQTT), time-series database, firmware update over a wireless network, and built-in security system. Measuring the concentration of particulate matter and other substances in the air will be useful for specialists assessing their dynamics. The technology and test installation selected corresponds to the leading solutions in this field in Europe and, in the future, should also be extended to less urbanised areas.

The idea to connect everything to anything and at any point of time is what vaguely defines the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT is not only about providing connectivity but also facilitating interaction among these connected things. One of the most significant concerns of IoT is to provide security assurance for the data exchange because data is vulnerable to some attacks by the attackers at each layer of IoT. The IoT has a layered structure where each layer provides a service. The security needs vary from layer to layer as each layer serves a different purpose. This paper aims to analyze the various security and privacy threats related to IoT. Some attacks have been discussed along with some existing and proposed counter measures. In developing countries, IoT technologies have brought increased efficiency and effectiveness to existing processes. For instance, farmers are using remote sensors to monitor moisture levels and soil conditions in the fields to avoid crop failure. Similar sensors are providing remote control of micro-irrigation pumps for example in India and water pumps in Rwanda, improving functionality and reducing repair intervals. And in Haiti, healthcare professionals are using “smart” thermometers to better track vaccine delivery and storage. Totally the paper presents an overview of the enablement of IoT in developing countries and discusses the visions, general applications, opportunities and challenges of IoT in these countries. It also touches on issues relating to security, privacy, trust and the accompanied complexity. The potential applications for IoT are countless and can optimize processes with a direct impact on society. Certain challenges have to be addressed to make IoT deployment successful. It will be shown that some of the challenges can be turned into opportunities and that IoT has good chances to succeed in developing countries. This report explores the current use and potential of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in tackling global development challenges, highlighting a number of specific instances where IoT interventions are helping to solve some of the world’s most pressing issues it presents summary conclusions on what is required for the IoT to reach billions of people living in the developing world, and also to accelerate income growth and social development as a result.

Agriculture accounts for approximately 24.23% of total GDP and 22% of total exports in Nigeria. It is the most important occupation, providing a source of income for the majority of rural dwellers in Nigeria. Water is the most important resource for agriculture, and irrigation is still one of the most basic wateracquisition processes. Previously, irrigation procedures were carried out manually, resulting in a significant waste of time and an inaccurate volume of water deployed at any given time. In recent times, an artificial intelligence (AI)-based irrigation management method using Internet of Things (IoT) has gained prominence. The irrigation industry has taken advantage of this new technology called Internet of Things to improves irrigation management and drastically reduces operating expenses related to infrastructure maintenance. One of the most serious issues confronting smart irrigation systems is stakeholders' inability to convert available data into detailed and accurate information that can be used in decision making, particularly when it comes to water waste due to improper timing and the proportion.With water scarcity and inefficient traditional irrigation methods posing significant challenges to agricultural productivity,IoT-based technology offers a sustainable solution to manually operated irrigation systems. IoT-based smart irrigation system is an efficient farmland preparationtool and to managing scarce resources such as water and time.Based on the Internet of Things technology, the study analysed key parameterssuch as soil moisture, temperature, and water management using IoT-based technique that work with various sensors. The temperature, humidity, plant and soil moisture sensors are used in the design to detect different soil conditions and automatically irrigate the farmland based on the soil moisture contentand the plant requirements. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the IoT-based smart irrigation system in optimizing water use in scarcity and enhancing crop yields.

The number of COVID-19 cases is growing rapidly, while there is not enough healthcare workers which can help the patients. Even worse, the highly contagious nature of this disease, requires the medical staff to be more restrictive and wear the Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) all the time when handling the patients directly. In this situation, a remote system which can monitor patient progress from a distant is inevitable. The emerge of Internet of Thing (IoT) technology has been implemented in many domain. The availability of smart technology, where almost all devices around us has connectivity to the internet, allow people to automate process from distance. The implementation of IoT has also been shown very helpful in medical domain, especially during the pandemics. The IoT technology can be a suitable solution for monitoring patients with a highly contagious disease. The technology can also be very helpful for people who live far from healthcare facility. This can allow people to report immediately and even connect to the hospital system in real-time. In this paper, we propose the use of three different sensors, namely: heart-rate and pulse oximeter sensor (MAX30102), temperature sensor(DS18b20) and accelerometer sensor, which is integrated in a web-based early warning monitoring system for COVID-19 patients.

The development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has had a major impact on various aspects of life, including agriculture and plant care. This research aims to design a solution that can overcome the challenges of irrigating ornamental plants by utilizing soil moisture sensors and IoT technology. The approach used in this study is Hardware Programming. This approach involves leveraging hardware and programming to design and implement an IoT-based automatic watering system for ornamental plants. In its implementation, the NodeMCU ESP8266 acts as the control center, while the soil moisture sensor is used to measure soil moisture levels, the DHT11 sensor is used to measure ambient temperature, and the ultrasonic sensor is used to measure the volume of water in the container. The data obtained from these sensors is integrated with the Blynk application. The test results show that the system is able to provide an accurate and fast response regarding soil moisture conditions, as well as making it easier for users to monitor watering through mobile devices. This research contributes to overcoming plant care challenges by utilizing IoT technology and integration with the Blynk platform. It is hoped that this solution will provide benefits, especially for Tangerang Express Park rangers, so that they can monitor plant conditions in real-time.

The Internet of Things (IoT) technology will soon become an integral part of our daily lives to facilitate the control and monitoring of processes and objects and revolutionize the ways that human interact with the physical world. For all features of IoT to become fully functional in practice, there are several obstacles on the way to be surmounted and critical challenges to be addressed. These include, but are not limited to cybersecurity, data privacy, energy consumption and scalability. The Blockchain decentralized nature and its multi-faceted procedures offers a useful mechanism to tackle several of these IoT challenges. However, applying the Blockchain protocols to IoT without considering their tremendous computational loads, delays, and bandwidth overhead can let to a new set of problems. This review evaluates some of the main challenges we face in the integration of Blockchain and IoT technologies and provides insights and high level solutions that can potentially handle the shortcomings and constraints of both IoT and Blockchain technologies.

When the large amount of Distributed Generations (DGs) are connected to the grid, the whole distributed power network lost line, and the voltage fluctuates are obvious. In recent years, the concepts of power Internet of Things (IoT)technology and energy Internet are proposed. Therefore, power grid technology has entered a new stage. The IoT technology is characterized by high bandwidth, high transmission rate, and low latency. In addition, with the collected data are increased, IoT becomes an effective way to improve the computing power of edge nodes in edge computing. In order to reduce network losses and voltage fluctuations, reactive power optimization is need to be implement in distribution network system. This paper proposes a distributed power voltage regulation strategy based on the particle swarm optimization and deep belief network (PSO-DBN) under the IoT. Firstly, IoT technology and characteristics are introduced, and the current research status of voltage regulation technology are analyzed in distribution network. Secondly, the weight of DBN is improved with PSO. Finally, the IEEE33 bus system is taken as a simulation case, the effects of daily reactive power optimization and the amount of historical data is analyzed. It is concluded that the method proposed in this paper has obvious effects on reducing voltage fluctuation and network loss. KeywordsDistributed generationIoTPSO-DBNReactive power optimization

In these days, a single search on Google Scholar using the expression Internet of Things (IoT) brings almost 3 520 000 results. Since 1999, when Kevin Ashton used the expression Internet of Things for the first time as the title of a presentation he made at Procter & Gamble, it has received more and more attention from academics, IT experts, the popular press, and the companies in general. All this attention is due to the fact that the IoT technologies are transforming the way in which companies work and do business. Two of the promising domains of the IoT technology are intelligent building and workplace management. In these days, the workstation became the second companies’ largest expense just after the payroll. Therefore, the development and implementation of IoT technology contribute to the optimization of buildings (energy saving, temperature, and air conditioning control, etc.) and workplaces (occupation rates, etc.), and has the potential to change the major patterns of the corporate real estate. As a result, integrating IoT technology in the workplace management is a strategic challenge in order to create value for the company through supporting strategic decisions, investments and workers’ productivity. The purpose of this work is to review the literature dedicated to IoT and workplace management, in order to identify relevant issues and knowledge concerning the relationship between the IoT technologies (e.g. RFID, sensor, actuator, smart item) and a building on the optimization of the workplace and the productivity of its occupants. The literature review is the best approach to the appropriation of a subject once it allows using the ideas developed in the literature to justify a particular approach to the topic, the selection of methods and demonstration of the relevance and possible contributions (Hart, 1998). This work will also present a discussion of future research directions and the principal challenges related to the IoT and workplace productivity.Purpose: A paper review of well-known journals publishing research on the subject “IoT and workspace management” from the last 10 years.Design/methodology/approach: We will follow the approach proposed by Levy and Ellis (2006) to conduct an effective literature review. We also will lean on the work of Mishra et al. (2016) that identified the most relevant authors on the IoT literature in order to identify those studies/authors relating IoT technology and workspace productivity.

In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a smart irrigation system using Internet of Things (IoT) technology, which can be used for automating the irrigation process in agricultural fields. It is expected that this system would create a better opportunity for farmers to irrigate their fields efficiently, as well as eliminating the field's under‐watering, which could stress the plants. The developed system is organized into three parts: sensing side, cloud side, and user side. We used Microsoft Azure IoT Hub as an underlying infrastructure to coordinate the interaction between the three sides. The sensing side uses a Raspberry Pi 3 device, which is a low‐cost, credit‐card sized computer device that is used to monitor in near real‐time soil moisture, air temperature and relative humidity, and other weather parameters of the field of interest. Sensors readings are logged and transmitted to the cloud side. At the cloud side, the received sensing data is used by the irrigation scheduling model to determine when and for how long the water pump should be turned on based on a user‐predefined threshold. The user side is developed as an Android mobile app, which is used to control the operations of the water pump with voice recognition capabilities. Finally, this system was evaluated using various performance metrics, such as latency and scalability.

With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, IoT technology has become popular in many fields and has effectively improved the work efficiency in practical applications. In the current operation of the parking lot, the gradual increase of IoT devices has caused a certain degree of management difficulties, based on this current situation, this paper designs a parking lot management system with IoT device management function, which has three subsystems, corresponding to IoT The management system has three sub-systems, which correspond to IOT device information management, vehicle information management and management personnel information management. This paper analyzes the current situation and development trend of the parking lot, analyzes the requirement analysis and use case diagram modeling based on UML technology, then carries out the system architecture design and data structure analysis, and finally does the process design for the core functions of the parking lot.