Requirement Analysis on Network Teaching Management System

Data flow is the name applied when data are passed from one thing to another. The “thing” that passes the data can include a piece of software or an application, a computer or a region in a computer, a person, group, or organizational unit, or combinations of these. The data passed can be simple or complex and it can be passed as a stream or a unit. A diagram that depicts objects or processes and the possible flows of data among them is called a data flow diagram (DFD). DFDs are useful for depicting information about how an organization operates; the interfaces between an application and the people or other applications that use it; and the high‐level design of an application. DFDs have been used in application development for a long time. There are two alternatives to (pure) data flow and each alternative has substantial disadvantages when used to link software components. One of these alternatives to data flow is for the data not to flow; that is, have various software modules access it directly in shared common data areas. A second alternative to pure data flow is the “call” statement, used in most languages to link subroutines. The call statement has two substantial limitations versus pure data flow: it also passes control and it explicitly names the target subroutine. In today's application development methodologies, DFDs are important for: analyzing organizational units; depicting the context of an application relative to users and other applications; designing the high level (process) architecture of applications; showing the interfaces between application processes and data stores; and documenting batch job streams. DFDs are likely to be increasingly important for designing distributed systems, object‐oriented design, depicting asynchronous components, and for reusable code. An examination of each is given.

Data processing of industrial and field work practices in SMK Pasundan Rancaekek is still semi manual using a spreadsheet application. This can lead to various problems, namely checking students who have not made payment and registration of PRAKERIN, making evidence of transactions and reports effectively, placing students in accordance with the capacity of the place of PRAKERIN and scheduling supervisors in conducting visits. The method used is the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC), which includes system analysis, system design, system implementation, and system operation. Whereas to analyze user system requirements using Flowmap analysis, Context Diagrams, Data Flow Diagrams (DFD), Entity Relationship Diagrams (ERD), Data Dictionaries, and Structure Charts. The design of the PRAKERIN data processing information system uses Microsoft Visual FoxPro 9.0 as a system implementation, report generation, and for database processing. Thus the system designed by the author is expected to facilitate the PRAKERIN data processing process so that it is more effective and efficient.

World Heath Organization (WHO) has five strategies to stop TBC spreading in the world. One of the strategies is how to control TBC spreading . This research significance is how to develop geographic information system (GIS) as the spreading control tool for government institution in South Jakarta District. The data collecting used several methods, such as observation, interview and questioner. The system development used predictive approach on five phases: planning, analysis, design, implementation and using. The tools of system analysis design in this research are Flowchart Diagram (FCD), Data Flow Diagram (DFD), Entity Relational Diagram (ERD) and Data Dictionary (DD), Structure Chart Diagram (SCD), and State Diagram (STD) with Microsoft (MS) Visio 2003 as Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tool. ArcView 3.3 and Avenue used as software in coding process. The result is proposed system that supports the data processing and management, providing information based on spatial distribution patterns in the form of the visualization map display cases and supports functions related to decision making relates to control of TBC cases in South Jakarta area with provision of spatial information.

The ULowell Data Flow Project combines dataflow hardware, dataflow software, and a data flow development environment. The hardware component, a data flow coprocessor card, utilizes seven NEC 7281 Image Pipelined Processors. Each chip models a static dataflow computation and is programmable. The coprocessor was designed and implemented by ULowell personnel and uses an AMIGA 2000 as a host. The software component currently consists of a library of data flow image processing algorithms and an evolving software development environment. Currently the image processing library includes typical imaging operations such as: edge enhancement, filtering, histogramming, and affine transformation. The software development environment (SDE) is depicted in Figure 1. The SDE contains a Data Flow Graph Editor which programmers use to design their data flow code. The data flow algorithm can then be converted directly into NEC data flow assembly code which is then assembled using the ULowell Data Flow Assembler. The assembler differs from NEC's assembler in that it can produce relocatable code. The object code output of the assembler is given to the Data Flow Resource Manager. The resource manager monitors the available resources within the chips. Thus, if a single process does not totally utilize a chip's table space or memory, then a second process may be concurrently loaded onto the same chip. The ability to have multiple data flow processes coexisting within a single chip is unique to the ULowell environment. The data flow resource manager can download and monitor code to either the hardware or to a software simulator/debugger. The simulator/debugger can monitor and trace data flow tokens as they proceed through the chip. Output of the simulator/debugger can be fed back into the data flow graph editior to visually trace token flow through the original program design. The last component of our SDE is a High Level Language translator which can compile programs written in SISAL, a high level language for parallel computation, down to NEC 7281 assembly language. We have already implemented the relocatable assembler, and the data flow resource manager. Prototype versions of the high level translator, simulator/debugger and graph/editor are currently being implemented.

With embedded systems being increasingly networked, appropriate models of computation and communication are needed for specification of such networks-of-systems. Traditional dataflow models have shown their usefulness in analyzing isolated systems. However, these models cannot express the inherent requirements of connected applications, such as dynamic behavior associated with network losses and reactivity to external events. This letter proposes a reactive and adaptive data flow (RADF) model that introduces a notion of empty tokens to expose network losses and provide adaptivity at the application level while maintaining overall determinism. Empty tokens, combined with expanded actor semantics, are also used to model reactivity to sporadic external events. We formally define RADF semantics and show efficient methods for analyzing RADF graphs in terms of their worst-case throughput and latency.

Specifications of information-systems-type applications are often based on the use of entity-relationship (ER) and dataflow (DF) diagrams, which cover the conceptual modeling of data and functions, respectively. VLP, an executable visual language for formal specifications which fully integrates ER and DF diagrams in a semantically clear way, is introduced. Unlike existing commercial products (the so-called CASE tools), which can only support good-quality documentation, simple forms of consistency checking and bookkeeping, VLP supports executable specifications, which provide a prototype of the desired application. After reviewing the principles of VLP, the structure of the ECASET environment in which VLP is embedded is outlined. How the environment supports the stepwise derivation of specifications, from informal to formal, is shown, as well as how it supports specification-in-the-large.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Abstract[Context and otivation] The well-established Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) have proven their value in the field of security and privacy for the realization of processes in models. However, the time and resources required to model the system with DFD, could slow down security and privacy threat analysis. [Question/problem] Despite the fact that information required for drawing DFD is available in the textual requirement such as user stories, the current approach to modeling the system using DFD is still done by form/questionnaires or manually drawing the diagram. [Principal ideas/results] This study proposes a natural language processing (NLP) model that generates DFD automatically from well-formed user stories. We also detect the presence of personal data in user stories by employing Named Entity Recognition, which allows the personal data to be highlighted in DFD. Our preliminary results show that our model can automatically generate a DFD that highlights the presence of personal data. Finally, the DFD could be expanded to a Privacy-Aware DFD, which incorporates privacy checks into the DFD. [Contribution] This is the first attempt at automatically transforming user stories into DFD using an NLP approach. The automatic approach may alleviate the burden placed on privacy analysts during the initial stages of threat modeling or eliciting privacy requirements.KeywordsData flow diagramUser storiesNatural language processingPrivacy threat modeling

This paper presents a cost-effective scheme for partitioning large data flow graphs. Standard data flow machine architectures are assumed in this work. The objective is to reduce the overhead due to token transfers through the communication network of the machine. When this scheme is employed on large graphs, the load distribution on the rings of the data flow machine is also improved. A canonical form of a data flow graph is introduced to establish the relationship between the communication overhead and the size reduction of the partition cut-set. General lower estimates on the overhead are derived in terms of processing and transmission delay parameters of the machine. The method uses heuristics and an evaluation function to guide the partition algorithm. Some implications of the proposed method on the organization of the data flow machines are discussed.

Applications in the signal processing domain are often modeled by data flow graphs which contain both dynamic and static data flow actors due to heterogeneous complexity requirements. Thus, the adopted notation to model the actors must be expressive enough to accommodate dynamic data flow actors. On the other hand, treating static data flow actors like dynamic ones hinders design tools in applying domain-specific optimization methods to static parts of the model, e.g., static scheduling. In this paper, we present a general notation and a methodology to classify an actor expressed by means of this notation into the synchronous and cyclo-static dataflow models of computation. This enables the use of a unified descriptive language to express the behavior of actors while still retaining the advantage to apply domain-specific optimization methods to parts of the system. In experiments we could improve both latency and throughput of a general data flow graph application using our proposed automatic classification in combination with a static single-processor scheduling approach by 57%.

Dataflow programming models are well-suited to program many-core streaming applications. However, many streaming applications have a dynamic behavior. To capture this behavior, parametric dataflow models have been introduced over the years. Still, such models do not allow the topology of the dataflow graph to change at runtime, a feature that is also required to program modern streaming applications. To overcome these restrictions, we propose a new model of computation, the Boolean Parametric Data Flow (BPDF) model which combines integer parameters (to express dynamic rates) and boolean parameters (to express the activation and deactivation of communication channels). High dynamism is provided by integer parameters which can change at each basic iteration and boolean parameters which can even change within the iteration. The major challenge with such dynamic models is to guarantee liveness and boundedness. We present static analyses which ensure statically the liveness and the boundedness of BDPF graphs. We also introduce a scheduling methodology to implement our model on highly parallel platforms and demonstrate our approach using a video decoder case study.

A system called net optimization and resource allocation (NORA) is introduced for the evaluation and programming of parallel signal processors, based on a data flow representation of the signal processing application. The main feature of this approach is that the scheduling and resource allocation can be done at compile time. It is made possible by the fact that most signal processing algorithms have constant data flow. The resulting hardware is much simpler because no overhead is needed for the real-time scheduling, as in usual data flow systems. Therefore a realization can easily be obtained using either commercially available components or VLSI technology. The proposed system comprises four main components: (1) a vector oriented data flow compiler for the translation of a high-level language description of algorithms into a data flow graph; (2) a critical path analysis for the evaluation of the minimal computation time of the algorithm, where block scheduling is assumed; (3) a schedule optimization for the determination of the minimal computation time under limited resources, not taking into account limitations imposed by the interconnection structure and temporary storage; and (4) a combined schedule optimization and resource allocation that maps a signal processing application onto a given hardware configuration and generates a formal microprogram.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Smartphone is chosen as a tool to implement information system of solo culture event due to observation in Solo city that shows that smartphone is owned by all people good from among children up to parents. Information Systems Solo Based Android Culture Event to provide information about events or events for the people of Solo city and tourists outside the city of Solo and as a medium of cultural promotion both national and international scale. Information Systems Solo Based Android Culture Event, built using descriptive method with the type of case study research in the city of Surakarta. Techniques of system weakness analysis using PIECES analysis (Perfomance, Information, Economy, Cotrol, Efficiency, and Service). For system development techniques using waterfall method, while to describe the data flow using Data Flow Diagram consisting of context diagram, Data Flow Diagram level 0 and Data Flow Diagram Level 1. Software used to build this system is Android Studiodan XAMPP as MySQL database connection . Based on testing that has been done using blackbox testing, the built system can help the problems faced Solo tourism office and Solo city tourists. Keywords: Cultural Event, Event Information System Android Based Culture, Android Studio, XAMPP

Information integration is vital for keeping manufacturing operations competitive. A case study approach has been adopted to better understand the role of informatio in integrated manufacturing. Information is now considered a corporate asset. The creation, processing, movement and security of information is therefore as important as the products/services of an enterprise. The case studies have helped in identifying the requirements and issues involved in developing an information system and supporting software framework for a manufacturing enterprise. This paper deseribes a case study dealing with the integrated manufacture of optical fiber products. A phased development and implementation approach was adopted where a small, manageable slice of the system is considered for the case study followed by functional modeling (IDEFO) and data flow modeling (data flow diagrams). This identifies the pieces of information of interest. The information relationships are modeled using extended entity relationship (EER) diagrams which are then mapped to a relational model. The relational tables thus obtained were implemented on a commercial Database Management System (DBMS). The functional constraints and application interfaces were then built using Structured Query Languages (SQL) and commercial application interface tools. Subsequent sections describe the functional models, data flow diagrams (DFDs), EER diagrams, relational database design and user/application interfaces developed for the system. Implementation experiences and observations are discussed along with the applications of the implemented system. The case study has helped in developing a preliminary data model (i.e., a model about data by which a reasonable interpretation of the data can be obtained) for material handling (MH) functions.

In the information age business activities of an organization can not be separated from the role of information systems and information technology, information system is a mainstay tool in order to win the competition in the industry. PT Khatulistiwa Suryanusa is a company engaged in the service and special Parts for Sale Jeep. In the company's sales and purchase process is still done manually. this causes various problems, including the management of data in the warehouse have difficulty to control the stock of goods in and out. To overcome such problems, the author intends to try to handle the processing of data on PT Khaulistiwa Suryanusa and design a system inventory information. The data was collected by the method of literature review, interviews, and observation method. Systems development method of information system using the waterfall method. whereas the method of data flow is used structured methods, DFD (Data Flow Diagram) describe the functional model and ERD (Entity Relationship Diagram) to describe the data model. The information system was built using Visual Basic software with database microsoft access. Keywords: system inventory information, Waterfall, ERD

Yourdon and Constantine (1979), De Marco (1979), and Gane and Sarson (1979) introduced the data flow diagram (DFD) more than a quarter of a century ago, as a systems planning tool that is particularly useful in the fields of software engineering and information systems development. But the DFD is not restricted to those fields. Empirical research projects are systems too (which consist of interconnected sources, data, collection processes, files, analysis processes, knowledge, and users), and those systems are similar to information systems. This article reports how the DFD can also be useful in planning empirical research projects. This finding should be advantageous to research planners, individual researchers, research advisors, research supervisors, or research managers. And it should be especially advantageous to research planners in information and communication technology (ICT) because they know DFDs already, so they can get the planning advantages with little or no extra learning effort. This finding was obtained from two research projects. The first was planned without the aid of a DFD and failed. It was then replanned with a DFD and redone in a second project, which succeeded.