Research on characteristics of emergency logistics system based on interdependent network

The increasingly frequent occurrence of major natural disasters can pose a serious threat to national stability and the safety of people's lives, and cause serious economic losses. How to quickly and accurately dispatch emergency materials to all disaster areas across regions in post-disaster has attracted wide attention from the government and academia. In response to the characteristic of high uncertainty in emergency rescue for major natural disasters, and considering differentiated disaster severity levels in different disaster areas, the entropy weight method is used to determine the urgency coefficient of emergency material demand for disaster areas. This study aims to minimize the emergency materials dispatching time and cost, also maximize the dispatching fairness for disaster areas. The triangular fuzzy number method is used to represent the uncertain variables mentioned above, so that a cross-regional emergency materials intelligent dispatching model in major natural disasters (CREMIDM-MND) is constructed. The extremely heavy rainstorm disaster in Henan Province of China in 2021 is selected as a typical case. Based on objective disaster data obtained from official websites, this study applies the constructed model to real disaster case and calculates the results by MATLAB. The ant colony algorithm is further used to optimize the transportation route based on the calculation results of the emergency material dispatching for disaster areas, and finally forms the intelligent emergency materials dispatching scheme that meets the multiple objectives. The research results indicate that compared to the actual situation, CREMIDM-MND can help decision-maker to develop a cross-regional emergency materials intelligent dispatching scheme in time, thereby effectively improving the government's emergency rescue performance in major natural disasters. Moreover, some managerial insights related to cross-regional emergency materials dispatching practice problem in major natural disasters are presented.

Hebei province is a populous province and a big agricultural province. Residents suffered various major natural disaster risks, therefor, major natural disasters defense and compensation are particularly important. Through randomly choosing 262 urban and rural residents in Hebei province for the survey, as well as the relevant material, the article analysed the status quo of the current major natural disasters defense and compensation. Besides, the article used the Probit model to analyze the desire and influence factors of urban and rural residents in Hebei to participate in major natural disaster insurance. Finally, relevant policy suggestions were put forward.KeywordsHebei ProvinceUrban and Rural ResidentsMajor Natural DisastersDefense and CompensationMajor Natural Disaster’s Insurance

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a nuanced understanding of the complex factors driving the decision of commercial property owners (investors and developers) to stay and rebuild after a major disaster. The study examines what happens in the post-disaster rebuild of a central business district (CBD) from the perspective of commercial property owners in Christchurch, New Zealand.Design/methodology/approachAn interpretive approach is adopted to understand what it takes to rebuild in a post-disaster environment through the lens and experiences of property owners. The study has observed the significant physical changes that have occurred in the Christchurch CBD as a result of the earthquakes. For this study, qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews from 20 purposively identified property owners rebuilding the Christchurch CBD. The interview findings were subjected to a thematic analysis used to provide a factual way of characterising the viewpoints of those interviewed.FindingsThe findings have highlighted that the decision-making behaviour of property owners in Christchurch’s CBD post-disaster rebuild has been driven significantly by an emotional attachments to people and place.Practical implicationsThe global trend in increasing destruction from natural disasters has raised the need for more efficient and effective post-disaster responses and activities. The paper has developed a knowledge base required to inform public policy and advice all those involved in the rebuilding of cities after a major disaster.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the property literature and debates about the decision-making behaviour of commercial property owners who are engaged in rebuilding after a major natural disaster. The qualitative methodology used presents a novel approach to property research. The findings challenge the underlying premises of much of the mainstream property literature on normative investment behaviour and decision making.

Major natural disasters seriously threaten human life and health. After earthquakes and other catastrophes, survivors are often trapped in the confined spaces caused by the collapse of ground and buildings, with relative separation from the outside world, restricted access, complex environment, and oncoming or ongoing unsafety, leading to the rescue extremely difficult. In order to save lives and improve the outcome more efficiently in the confined spaces after natural disasters, it is very important to standardize and reasonably apply the trauma assessment and first aid workflow. This study focuses on trauma assessment and first aid. From the aspects of trauma assessment, vital signs stabilization, hemostasis and bandaging, post-trauma anti-infection, and the transportation of patients, a trauma first aid work process suitable for a small space of a major natural disaster is formed, It is helpful to realize the immediate and efficient treatment of trauma in the confined spaces after natural catastrophes, to reduce the rate of death and disability and improve the outcome of patients.

Responding to catastrophic natural disasters requires critical information. When lives and everyday activities are interrupted by crises such as earthquakes, landslides, volcanoes, hurricanes, and floods, timely satellite imagery and aerial photographs become invaluable tools in revealing post-disaster conditions and in aiding disaster response and recovery efforts. An international group of satellite data providers manages a cooperative program to provide emergency response satellite data to communities affected by major natural and anthropogenic disasters. The International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’ (“Charter”) draws on the capabilities and resources of fifteen space agencies and a number of cooperators to quickly provide imagery and supplemental information for relief efforts in response to major disasters. Repeatedly, the Charter and its resources have provided valuable assets in assisting with global disaster recovery activities.

Traffic Monitoring immediately after a major natural disaster as revealed by probe data – A case in Ishinomaki after the Great East Japan Earthquake

Assessing the effect of the Queensland “Summer of Disasters” on perceptions of collective efficacy

Drought is a major natural disaster in China, severely affecting agricultural output and the ecological environment. Timely and accurate vegetation drought monitoring is essential for early warning and ensuring agricultural production as well as ecological security. However, assessing the accuracy and seasonal applicability of vegetation drought monitoring models remains challenging due to the lack of clearly defined ground truth data. To address this issue, this study integrates soil moisture with a criterion reflecting the temporal response of vegetation growth, based on the vegetation's response to moisture stress, thereby deriving a reliable ground truth reference for validation. A Vegetation Water Stress Response-Driven Vegetation Drought Verification Approach (VWSR-VDVA) is proposed, and a case study in the Yangtze River Basin was done, with Surface Water Availability-Temperature Index (SWATI), Process-Cognizant Vegetation Drought Model (PCVDM), Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) and Standardized Soil Moisture Index (SSI) across different seasons from 2000 to 2022, for evaluation test. The results show that PCVDM achieved the highest overall accuracy, particularly in spring and autumn. SWATI tended to underestimate Vegetation Drought Zones (VDZs) during early wetting or drought recovery due to its sensitivity to short-term soil moisture variations and globally derived drought thresholds, but performed best in summer. SSI and TVDI generally overestimated VDZs due to coarse spatial resolution, fixed drought thresholds, and inadequate representation of vegetation response diversity. These findings are generally consistent with results from conventional correlation analyses. However, station-based validation often fails in specific areas—such as near-water areas, urban green spaces, and cultivated land—where vegetation conditions are influenced by artificial irrigation or localized water supplies, weakening the reliability of meteorological indicators alone. In contrast, the VWSR-VDVA captures the dynamic covariation between vegetation condition and water availability, effectively overcoming these limitations. It enables more accurate drought identification in heterogeneous environments. Overall, the VWSR-VDVA offers a more precise representation of vegetation drought conditions and provides valuable insights for optimizing drought monitoring approaches. It also lays a theoretical foundation for the development of future drought early warning and monitoring systems.

INTRODUCTION: An earthquake is a major natural disaster with widespread and great effects on human life and nature. Taking care of the basic needs of earthquake victims is an essential step that should be addressed immediately. Moreover, the evaluation of various problems after disasters, especially earthquakes, is of crucial importance for the affected people. The management of humanitarian aid and public assistance among these affected people is considered one of the most important post-earthquake concerns. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the post-earthquake challenges and strengths of providing humanitarian aid services in Sisakht, Yasuj, in February 2019. METHODS: This qualitative case study was conducted from March 2019 to July 2020. The studied population consisted of 20 participants including medical staff (n=10), clergy (n=2), crisis managers (n=4), and military personnel (n=4). The required data were collected through observation and semi-structured interviews, which continued until data saturation. To evaluate the reliability of the data, the strategies recommended by Guba were used. The data were analyzed by conventional content analysis based on the method proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. FINDINGS: The advantages and strengths of this study included humanitarian cooperation and coordination, as well as the timely presence of relief and rescue teams and law enforcement agencies from the post-earthquake first hours, which had a great impact on reducing the suffering of people. The challenges in providing post-earthquake services included health, medical, management, geographical, and spatial concerns and issues related to the earthquake victims (relief goods distribution problem and inappropriate information dissemination as the main challenges). CONCLUSION: Effective and appropriate management policies regarding the management of providing post-earthquake services and elimination of the structural and managerial obstacles can improve the operation and management of humanitarian aid.

Flood is a major natural disaster that affects millions of people’s livelihood. In Assam, the Brahmaputra and the Barak rivers cause floods every year, resulting in substantial economic losses. Historically, flood events have been affecting people’s livelihood, particularly that of the small and marginal farmers living in low-lying water-logged areas in the Barak Valley region of Assam. Vast areas of the cultivable land in the valley remain submerged under water throughout the peak farming season, i.e., from May to October. Recurrent flooding in the lowland do not favor the farmers for agricultural production as the fields remain submerged and unused for 6–7 months. The lack of suitable livelihood options, diminishing income, and poor economic condition of the riparian community has led to the loss of interest in agricultural activities. This situation of the poor and marginalized farmers is causing the out-migration of labor to major Indian cities such as Bangalore, Pune, and Mumbai. Hence, it is necessary to design appropriate mechanisms and policy measures to make the community more resilient to such natural disaster.KeywordsFloodCommunity resilienceBarak ValleyAssamNortheast India

Objectives Riverbank erosion is a regular phenomenon that displaces millions of people every year worldwide. More than 100,000 people are displaced due to river erosion every year in Bangladesh. People have to resettle in a different place leaving behind their property and familiar environment. This transformation with economic crisis acts as a major stressor for the persons and their families. However, people may adapt different strategies to adapt this difficult situation and keep themselves healthy. They might have higher coping skills due to what they had to endure. This study aimed to find out the difference in the mental health status and coping strategies among the river bank erosion affected and non-affected people in Bangladesh Methods We interviewed 100 adult respondents, of whom 50 had been affected and 50 had never been affected by river erosion in Bangladesh. All the participants completed self-report sociodemographic questionnaires; their mental state was evaluated with the Bangla version of the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) and the coping was measured using the COPE scale. Result The mental health well-being score of the affected group was significantly lower than the non-affected group. However, accounting for gender, income and age, the affected group had lower mean score in coping (55.86) then the non-affected group (64.04). However, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions Riverbank erosion is a major natural disaster in Bangladesh that makes people vulnerable to mental disorder. However, it receives less attention; we hope this study will stimulate future researcher to explore mental state and coping mechanism in multiple perspectives and develop evidence-based service for them.

Because typhoons are one of the most major natural disasters in the southeastern coastal areas of China, great attention has been paid to the prevention and mitigation of the disasters caused by typhoons. Over the past century, significant progress has been made in typhoon-related scientific research and operational work in China, including the construction of a network of typhoon monitoring stations, the establishment of forecasting operation systems, early warning and prevention of typhoon-related disasters, and the research of basic theories of typhoon behaviors and key forecasting technologies. This paper briefly reviews the milestones in the development history of typhoon research in China over the past century and a half in order to commemorate the predecessors, especially those who made historical contributions to the advancement of typhoon research since the economic and cultural reforms known as the “Opening of China”, who provided historical references which enabled China to become an international leader in the field of typhoon science and technology.

Floods, major natural disasters, are shaped by climatic phenomena and regional dynamics. This study explores factors such as event cause, magnitude, seasonality, and the influence of climatic phenomena such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation. The study area is Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, a region that suffers recurrently from floods and faced severe events in 2023 and 2024. The analysis revealed an annual number of 1.6 flood events per station. Excessive rainfall on saturated soils is the primary flood cause, accounting for 67% of events. Larger basins experienced more frequent excessive rainfall floods, while smaller ones were vulnerable to long and short rainfall events. The research revealed no seasonality. El Niño years showed more than twice the frequency of flood events than La Niña and neutral years. The findings align with trends of increasing flood events, emphasizing the need for robust flood risk management strategies in the face of climate change.

16: Impact of severe stress after a major natural disaster on perinatal outcomes

The pathophysiology of stress cardiomyopathy (SCM), also known as takotsubo syndrome, is poorly understood. SCM usually occurs sporadically, often in association with a stressful event, but clusters of cases are reported after major natural disasters. There is some evidence that this is a familial condition. We have examined three possible models for an underlying genetic predisposition to SCM. Our primary study cohort consists of 28 women who suffered SCM as a result of two devastating earthquakes that struck the city of Christchurch, New Zealand, in 2010 and 2011. To seek possible underlying genetic factors we carried out exome analysis, genotyping array analysis, and array comparative genomic hybridization on these subjects. The most striking finding was the observation of a markedly elevated rate of rare, heterogeneous copy number variants (CNV) of uncertain clinical significance (in 12/28 subjects). Several of these CNVs impacted on genes of cardiac relevance including RBFOX1, GPC5, KCNRG, CHODL, and GPBP1L1. There is no physical overlap between the CNVs, and the genes they impact do not appear to be functionally related. The recognition that SCM predisposition may be associated with a high rate of rare CNVs offers a novel perspective on this enigmatic condition.