Resource discovery in Internet of Things: Current trends and future standardization aspects

Since the Internet of Things (IoT) will be entwined with everything we use in our daily life, the consequence of security flaws escalates. Smart objects will govern most of the home appliances and car engines yielding potential disaster scenarios. In this context, successful attacks could lead to chaos and scary scenarios (www.darkreading.com). Unprotected personal information may expose sensitive and embarrassing data to the public and attacks may threaten not only our computers and smart devices, but our intimacy and perhaps our lives too. Because persons and objects will be bonded with each other, user consent becomes critical. Therefore, thing, object, and user Identity will be the focus of future IoT security solutions, yielding a Trust, Security, and Privacy (TSP) paradigm, which may constitute the Achilles' heel of IoT. While security issues are quite straightforward, mainly from background knowledge, privacy issues are far more complex. Privacy constitutes a rather challenging task, even for the m...

A wearable sensor vest for social humanoid robots with GPGPU, IoT, and modular software architecture

This article will discuss the Internet of things, which is a completely new technology. Currently, the world's most talked about new electronics use Internet of Things technology. This technology includes Google, Yandex, YouTube and all our social networks. The current benefits of Internet of Things technology will be discussed, as well as its future position. What is the role of smart technologies in the development of robotics, new electronics and the impetus for new inventions? The Internet of Things is a new paradigm that transforms traditional lifestyles into high-tech lifestyles. Many important studies and researches have been conducted to improve the technology through IoT. The Internet of Things, or IoT, refers to the billions of physical devices around the world that are now connected to the internet, all collecting and sharing data. The main purpose of this review article is to provide a detailed discussion, both technologically and socially. It is not just about the connected devices but also about the hardware, software, connectivity and communication protocols, middleware and so much more to create Internet of Things solutions as mentioned. And it’s also about many processes and technologies. So, this is most important theme in our world. The article discusses various problems and key issues in IoT, architecture and important applications. The Internet of Things is an emerging paradigm that enables the communication between electronic devices and sensors through the internet in order to facilitate our lives. IoT has also demonstrated its importance and potential for economic and industrial growth in the developing region. It is also seen as a revolutionary step in the trading and stock markets. However, data and information security is an important concern and is highly desirable, which is a major challenge that needs to be addressed. The Internet, the biggest source of security threats and cyber attacks, has opened various doors for hackers, thereby discrediting information and data. IoT is committed to providing the best possible solutions to deal with data and information security issues. IoT's most important concern in trade and the economy is security. The IoT system consists of a large number of devices and sensors that communicate with each other. They can range from a Wi-Fi pet camera on your bookshelf to a medical device implanted in your body, like a pacemaker. As long as the device is able to connect to the internet and has sensors that transmit data, it can be considered an IoT device. As the IoT network grows and expands, the number of these sensors and devices is growing rapidly. These devices communicate with each other and transmit large amounts of information over the Internet. This information is very large and flows every second, and therefore deserves to be called great information. The IoT was initially most interesting to business and manufacturing, where its application is sometimes known as machine-to-machine (mean - M2M), but the emphasis is now on filling our homes and offices with smart devices, transforming it into something. Today, these IoT projects are evolving and rapidly spreading to all platforms. It is possible to find IoT projects for each topic. As mentioned earlier, IoT projects are designed to make life easier. These projects, created to help as many people as possible, will be the most important part of our future lives. It will be impossible to imagine our lives without the Internet of Things and smart projects. A smart city with sensors covering all its regions using diverse tangible gadgets and objects all over the community and connected with the help of internet. The continuous expansion of IoT-based networks poses complex challenges such as data management and collection, storage and processing, and analytics. This article sheds light on the existing literature and describes their contributions to various aspects of IoT. This article will help readers and researchers understand IoT and its application to the real world Keywords: arduino, sensors, security systems, robotics, intelligent technology.

During the past few years, with the fast development and proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT), many application areas have started to exploit this new computing paradigm. The number of active computing devices has been growing at a rapid pace in IoT environments around the world. Consequently, a mechanism to deal with this different devices has become necessary. Middleware systems solutions for IoT have been developed in both research and industrial environments to supply this need. However, decision analytics remain a critical challenge. In this work we present the Decision Support IoT Framework composed of COBASEN, an IoT search engine to address the research challenge regarding the discovery and selection of IoT devices when large number of devices with overlapping and sometimes redundant functionality are available in IoT middleware systems, and DMS, a rule-based reasoner engine allowing to set up computational analytics on device data when it is still in motion, extracting valuable information from it for automated decision making. DMS uses Complex Event Processing to analyze and react over streaming data, allowing for example, to trigger an actuator when a specific error or condition appears in the stream. The main goal of this work is to highlight the importance of a decision support system for decision analytics in the IoT paradigm. We developed a system which implements DMS concepts. However, for preliminarily tests, we made a functional evaluation of both systems in terms of performance. Our initial findings suggest that the Decision Support IoT Framework provides important approaches that facilitate the development of IoT applications, and provides a new way to see how the business rules and decision-making will be made towards the Internet of Things.

The number of everyday interconnected devices continues to increase and constitute the Internet of Things (IoT). Things are small computers equipped with sensors and wireless communications capabilities that are driven by energy constraints, since they use batteries and may be required to operate over long periods of time. The majority of these devices perform data collection. The collected data is stored on-line using web-services that, sometimes, operate without any special considerations regarding security and privacy. The current work proposes a modified hash-chain authentication mechanism that, with the help of a smart-phone, can authenticate each interaction of the devices with a REST web-service using One Time Passwords (OTP). Moreover, the proposed authentication mechanism adheres to the stateless, HTTP-like behavior expected of REST web-services, even allowing the caching of server authentication replies within a predefined time window. No other known web-service authentication mechanism operates in such manner.

Nowadays, the food demand is augmenting, and everyone needs quality food. Agriculture is the custom of farming or cultivating livestock and plants. “Information and communication technology” (ICT) has aided in crafting remediation strategies for the husbandry sector’s ecological devastation. The “Internet of Things” (IoT) qualifies sensors and apparatuses to interact and connect to interchange data in wireless or wired networks via communication protocols. These sensors and devices measure all kinds of data remotely and provide real-time information (e.g., soil moisture, chemical application levels, livestock health, dam level, etc.) to farmers in agribusiness. Albeit, they also unlocked the doors for attackers’ outbreaks on IoT communication systems to get sensitive information. This chapter introduces IoT communication protocols, security, and privacy concerns. This chapter discusses attacks on communication protocols. Also, it provides an IoT Blockchain-enabled secure communication architecture for agriculture evolving growing threats in industry 4.0.

The fusion of Internet of Intelligent Things (IoIT) in remote diagnosis of obstructive Sleep Apnea: A survey and a new model

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a emerging revolution technology that mankind has ever seen. IoT represents the future vision of computing and communication. IoT introduce the world of information and communication technology (ICT) for connectivity of anything at anytime from anywhere. Current Internet is considered as “Internet of People”, connecting the users of all over the world with various ways. IoT semantically means a network of interconnected things (Objects) with unique addressability and connected using a standard communication protocol technology. IoT can connect physical world to the virtual world. Data in IoT should be gathered by radio frequency identification (RFID), wireless sensor network (WSN) or electronic product code (EPC), etc. Recently scientists, academies and industries have put efforts to find a way for standard communication between physical object and real world, but there are many challenges in this area. This paper will represent the future of ubiquitous computing and showing the specific definition for standard architecture. Also we introduced two models architecture (3layer and 5layer architecture) in IoT. We will discuss the several challenges in IoT which recently researcher and architecture trying to solve these challenges. Finally we will be showing the Database scenario in IoT.

Internet of things reference architectures, security and interoperability: A survey

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a constantly growing environment for connecting hardware, software, physical things, and communicating devices altogether or individually over a network with or without human interventions. It collects, computes, and exchanges data together. This quality of IoT makes the platform flexible for the variety of applications that work on this technology to get incredible benefits, including healthcare domains. In the olden days, the medical system does not have any digital file system, clinical data monitoring, and cyber-physical systems. Cyber Physical System (CPS) is the nucleus of IoT. The smart parameters of IoT create an interesting thing on the Internet of Healthcare System (IoHT) and keep the best place in revenue. Apart from smart homes, cities, and smart devices, IoT established a vital position in IoT. The security and the privacy of Healthcare data should be managed properly. Thus, making a new concept into it called, “Blockchain.” This not only marks its step in cryptocurrencies, but it also tights the security and privacy of all types of data, and it supports heterogeneous applications, especially IoT-based applications. This article describes the Blockchain-IoT-based healthcare applications, security of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), and the future direction in the healthcare system based on Blockchain.

Although the Internet of Things (IoT) will play a key role in the development of next generation information, network, and communication technologies, many are still unclear about what makes IoT different from similar concepts.Answering fundamental questions about IoT architectures and models, Unit and Ubiquitous Internet of Things introduces essential IoT concepts from the perspectives of mapping and interaction between the physical world and the cyber world. It addresses key issues such as strategy and education, particularly around unit and ubiquitous IoT technologies. Supplying a new perspective on IoT, the book covers emerging trends and presents the latest progress in the field. It also: Outlines a fundamental architecture for future IoT together with the IoT layered model Describes various topological structures, existence forms, and corresponding logical relationships Establishes an IoT technology system based on the knowledge of IoT scientific problems Provides an overview of the core technologies, including basic connotation, development status, and open challenges The book examines ubiquitous sensing, networking, and communications, as well as information management involved in unit IoT. It describes global IoT applications and includes coverage of ubiquitous, local, industrial, national, and transnational IoT. Presenting detailed case studies that illustrate various application scenarios, the text considers the main IoT supporting technologies including resource management, loop control in actuation, session management, space-time consistency, security and privacy, energy management, spectrum management, nanotechnology, quantum technology, and big data.

The number of devices connected together in the Internet of Things (IoT) are growing and therefore the demand of an efficient and secure method for discovering the resources in IoT is increasing. In most of IoT schemes, the resources are discovered based on their properties (i.e. their location, types, etc.) and the clients are able to discover the resources that are registered in the network. This discovery ability can be restricted to a number of clients by encrypting the discoverable address. However, any client with the key can decrypt and access a private resource regardless of the attributes of the client. In this paper, a decentralized resource discovery model using Cipher Policy Attribute Based Encryption (CP-ABE) and Distributed Hash Table (DHT) is introduced that allows secure and private discovering of the resources in IoT network. We integrated the CP-ABE that allows clients only by users' inherent attributes, to discover the resources in the network. Our proposed model provides a higher level of security for resource discovery by allowing the resources during registration in addition to their properties to define the attributes of the clients that are able to discover those resources. The model we proposed uses multi-authority ABE, which as a public key encryption can fit the decentralized environment.

In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has constituted a driving force of modern technological advancement, and it has become increasingly common as its impacts are seen in a variety of application domains, including healthcare. IoT is characterized by the interconnectivity of smart sensors, objects, devices, data, and applications. With the unprecedented use of IoT in industrial, commercial and domestic, it becomes very imperative to harness the benefits and functionalities associated with the IoT technology in (re)assessing the provision and positioning of healthcare to ensure efficient and improved healthcare delivery. In this research, we are focusing on two important services in healthcare systems, which are cancer care services and business analytics/cloud services. These services incorporate the implementation of an IoT that provides solution and framework for analyzing health data gathered from IoT through various sensor networks and other smart devices in order to improve healthcare delivery and to help health care providers in their decision-making process for enhanced and efficient cancer treatment. In addition, we discuss the wireless sensor network (WSN), WSN routing and data transmission in the healthcare environment. Finally, some operational challenges and security issues with IoT-based healthcare system are discussed.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is leading today’s digital transformation. Relying on a combination of technologies, protocols, and devices such as wireless sensors and newly developed wearable and implanted sensors, IoT is changing every aspect of daily life, especially recent applications in digital healthcare. IoT incorporates various kinds of hardware, communication protocols, and services. This IoT diversity can be viewed as a double-edged sword that provides comfort to users but can lead also to a large number of security threats and attacks. In this survey paper, a new compacted and optimized architecture for IoT is proposed based on five layers. Likewise, we propose a new classification of security threats and attacks based on new IoT architecture. The IoT architecture involves a physical perception layer, a network and protocol layer, a transport layer, an application layer, and a data and cloud services layer. First, the physical sensing layer incorporates the basic hardware used by IoT. Second, we highlight the various network and protocol technologies employed by IoT, and review the security threats and solutions. Transport protocols are exhibited and the security threats against them are discussed while providing common solutions. Then, the application layer involves application protocols and lightweight encryption algorithms for IoT. Finally, in the data and cloud services layer, the main important security features of IoT cloud platforms are addressed, involving confidentiality, integrity, authorization, authentication, and encryption protocols. The paper is concluded by presenting the open research issues and future directions towards securing IoT, including the lack of standardized lightweight encryption algorithms, the use of machine-learning algorithms to enhance security and the related challenges, the use of Blockchain to address security challenges in IoT, and the implications of IoT deployment in 5G and beyond.

Human beings quest for making comfortable life is due to their inquisitiveness about technical arena. Over the last few decades, mankind had experienced technical transformational journey with the inventions of new technology frontiers. These frontiers have interacted with human beings and performed every possible work in shorter period of time and with a much greater accuracy. With the advent of ‘Smart Concepts’, the world is now becoming more connected. Precisely termed as hyper-connected world. The smart concepts includes smart phones, smart devices, smart applications and smart cities. These smarter concepts forms an ecosystem of devices whose basic work is to connect various devices to send and receive data. Internet of Things is one the dominating technology that keeps eye on the connected smart devices. Internet of Things has bought applications from fiction to fact enabling fourth industrial revolution. It has laid an incredible impact on the technical, social, economic and on the lives of human and machines. Scientists claim that the potential benefit derived from this technology will sprout a foreseeable future where the smart objects sense, think and act. Internet of Things is the trending technology and embodies various concepts such as fog computing, edge computing, communication protocols, electronic devices, sensors, geo-location etc. The chapter presents the comprehensive information about the evolution of Internet of Things, its present developments to its futuristic applications.